Evaluation of Calcium (Ca2+) and Hydroxide (OH–) Ion Diffusion Rates of Indirect Pulp Capping Materials

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (11) ◽  
pp. 641-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merve Kurun Aksoy ◽  
Firdevs Tulga Oz ◽  
Kaan Orhan
Keyword(s):  
Saline Solution ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
The Other ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Ion Release ◽  
Pulp Capping ◽  
Molar Teeth ◽  
Indirect Pulp Capping

Introduction The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the calcium (Ca2+) and hydroxide (OH–) ion release of 4 artificially produced pulp capping materials (MTA, Biodentin, TheraCal LC, Calsimol) used for indirect pulp capping treatment. Methods In total, 70 freshly extracted human third molar teeth were used for the study. Cavities of extracted teeth were prepared by round burs. The remaining dentin thickness (1 ± 0.3 mm) tissue was measured by a micrometer and cone beam computerized tomography. Indirect pulp capping was performed in the cavities using Calcimol, MTA, TheraCal LC and Biodentin. The leached Ca2+ were measured using optical emission spectrometry and the release of OH– ions using a pH meter. The measurements were performed after 24 hours, 7 days and 28 days in saline solution. Statistical analysis was performed using 1-way and 2-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests (p<0.05). Results Ca2+ ions were detected in treated saline solution during the experimental period for all materials. All the measurements of Biodentin and Theracal LC levels for Ca2+ ions were higher than those of the other materials (p<0.05). For all materials, Ca2+-ion release increased during the first 7 days followed by a linear decrease during the subsequent study periods. The Biodentine group showed the highest OH– ion rates compared to the other materials in the 24-hour examination period, while the scores gradually decreased during the subsequent measurement periods (p<0.05). Conclusions Tricalcium silicate materials such as Biodentine and TheraCal LC used in this study may be preferable for indirect pulp capping because of their stimulation of hard tissue formation and ion-releasing ability.

scholarly journals Investigating the Effect of Glass Ion Release on the Cytocompatibility, Antibacterial Eflcacy and Antioxidant Activity of Y2O3 / CeO2 doped SiO2-SrO-Na2O glasses

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Placek ◽  
T. J. Keenan ◽  
A. Coughlan ◽  
A. W. Wren
Keyword(s):  
Cell Viability ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Icp Oes ◽  
Ros Scavenging ◽  
Ion Release ◽  
Radical Oxygen Species ◽  
Ph Measurements ◽  
Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Glass Leaching

AbstractThe effect on ion release and cytocompatibility of Yttrium (Y) and Cerium (Ce) are investigated when substituted for Sodium (Na) in a 0.52SiO2-0.24SrO-0.24-Na2OMOglass series (where MO= Y2O3or CeO2). Glass leaching was evaluated through pH measurements and Inductive Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES) analysiswhere the extract pH increased during incubation (11.2 - 12.5). Ion release of Silicon (Si), Na and Strontium (Sr) from the Con glass was at higher than that of glasses containing Y or Ce, and reached a limit after 1 day. Ion release from Y and Ce containing glasses reached a maximum of 1800 μg/mL, 1800 μg/mL, and 10 μg/mL for Si, Na, and Sr, respectively. Release of Y and Cewas below the ICP- OES detection limit <0.1 μg/mL. Cell viability of both L929 fibroblasts and MC3T3 osteoblasts decreased for Con, LY, and LCe extracts; HY extracts did not significantly decrease cell viability while YCe and HCe saw concentrationdependent viability decrease (20%, 33% extract concentrations). Bacterial studies saw Con and LCe eliminating >75% of bacteria at a 9% extract concentration. Antioxidant capacity (mechanism for neuroprotection) was evaluated using the ABTS assay. All glasses had inherent radical oxygen species (ROS) scavenging capability with Con reaching 9.5 mMTE.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF WATER SALINITY ON TISSUE MINERALISATION IN PENAEUS VANNAMEI (BOONE, 1931)

2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Jannathulla ◽  
J. Syama Dayal ◽  
K. Ambasankar ◽  
V. Chitra ◽  
M. Muralidhr
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Calcium Deposition ◽  
Penaeus Vannamei ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Saline Environment ◽  
Significant Difference

A 45-days indoor laboratory trial was performed with juveniles of Penaeus vannamei (3.11±0.64 g) to evaluate the effect of salinity on mineral contents in different tissues. Juveniles of P. vannamei were acclimatised to different salinity levels of 3, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60‰, using sea salt or freshwater at the rate of 2‰ per day from the original salinity. A total of 45 pre-acclimatised shrimps were taken for each treatment with three replications. At the end of the experimental period, shrimps were dissected to remove hepatopancreas, muscle and exoskeleton after collecting haemolymph; which were subjected to mineral analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES). Calcium deposition was reduced by 55 and 40% in muscle and exoskeleton, respectively, whereas it increased by 142% in hepatopancreas of shrimp reared in 60‰ compared to 20‰ salinity. Magnesium and sodium content increased with increasing salinity in all the tissues except in muscle. Of all the macro elements, phosphorus (7.66 to 9.17 g kg-1) was high in muscle and calcium was predominant in exoskeleton (44.30 to 79.98 g kg-1) while sodium dominated in haemolymph (159.34-327.73 mmol l-1) compared to other elements. Shrimps reared in various salinities did not show significant difference in nutritional value in terms of mineral content in muscle. Results indicated that P. vannamei is a very efficient osmoregulator in low saline environment, in particular at 10 to 30‰ compared to the extreme high saline environment (60‰).

Continuous Measurement of the Dissolution Rate of Ions from Glasses

2008 ◽  
Vol 39-40 ◽  
pp. 341-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Taipale ◽  
Paul Ek ◽  
Mikko Hupa ◽  
Leena Hupa
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Ion Release ◽  
Durability Test ◽  
Aqueous Environments ◽  
Dissolved Ions ◽  
On Line ◽  
Flow Through

A method for measuring the early stage ion release of glasses was developed in order to gain information on leaching kinetics and chemical resistance of glasses in aqueous environments. A continuous flow-through-reactor was designed in which the aqueous solution is fed through a bed of glass particles and the dissolved ions continuously recorded with a sensitive on-line analysis system. Experimental parameters, such as solvent flow rate and temperature, could easily be adjusted according to the needs. The flow-through-reactor system was tested with powdered samples of float and lead glasses, E-glass and bioactive glasses 45S5 and 1-98, all of which showed very different chemical durability in aqueous environments. The reactor was connected to inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and concentrations of the dissolved ions were measured simultaneously on-line every 30-40 seconds. In this work the initial stages of ion release were measured during the first 15 minutes of the leaching experiments at 40°C and 80°C. The results were compared with standard water durability test of the glasses. The dissolution of the glasses according to both methods showed similar behaviour.

Effect of Tooth Preparation on Sealant Success—An in vitro Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 325-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priya Subramaniam ◽  
Girish Babu KL ◽  
Naveen HK
Keyword(s):  
Third Molar ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
The Other ◽  
Depth Of Penetration ◽  
Dye Penetration ◽  
Diamond Bur ◽  
Occlusal Surfaces ◽  
Molar Teeth ◽  
Tooth Preparation

This study compared the depth of penetration and marginal leakage of filled and unfilled sealants, with and without tooth preparation. One hundred and twenty extracted human third molar teeth that were free of restorations, fluorosis, caries, and sealants were used. After adequate storage and surface debridement, the teeth were randomly divided into four groups of 30 teeth each. In two groups, the occlusal surfaces were left intact, while in the other two groups, the occlusal surfaces were prepared using a diamond bur. Teeth in two groups were sealed with a filled sealant, and an unfilled sealant was used to seal teeth in the other two groups. The sealed teeth were then prepared for marginal leakage, immersed in 5% methylene blue (at 37°C)for 24 hours. Subsequently, buccolingual sections were made and each section was examined for sealant penetration and marginal leakage, using a stereomicroscope. The depth of dye penetration and marginal leakage was evaluated according to a method described by Ovrebo and Raadal. The unfilled sealant placed after tooth preparation showed better enamel fissure penetration and less marginal leakage than the filled sealant.

Dissolution of amphibole asbestos in modified Gamble’s solution at pH 4.5: a combined ICP-OES, XPS and TEM investigation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
alessandro pacella ◽  
elisa nardi ◽  
maria rita montereali ◽  
marzia fantauzzi ◽  
antonella rossi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Montgomery County ◽  
Icp Oes ◽  
Ion Release ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Northern Cape ◽  
Amphibole Asbestos

&lt;p&gt;This study analizes the dissolution reactions, and the corresponding surface modifications, of two amphibole asbestos incubated for 1, 24, 48, 168 and 720 h in a modified Gamble&amp;#8217;s solution at pH 4.5. The investigated samples are UICC crocidolite from Koegas Mine, Northern Cape (South Africa), and fibrous tremolite from Montgomery County, Maryland (USA). Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES) was used to monitor the ion release into solution, X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) was performed to unveil the chemistry of the leached surface, and High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HR-TEM) was exploited for monitoring the structural modifications of the fibres.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;An incongruent cation mobilization was observed in both samples. Fe mobilization was detected only in UICC crocidolite, due to the occurrence of Fe-bearing accessory phases in the sample (siderite, iron carbonate, and minnesotaite, an iron-bearing phyllosilicate). Notably, tremolite lifetime is shown to be roughly ten times that of UICC crocidolite under the same experimental conditions. This result agrees with previous dissolution studies at pH 7.4 indicating a higher dissolution and surface alteration for UICC crocidolite with respect to tremolite.&lt;/p&gt;

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