scholarly journals Effects of lime and sawdust on arsenic reduction in corn planted on the inside of the dyke at Quoc Thai commune, An Phu district, An Giang province

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
Chinh T. Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Arsenic Content ◽  
Arsenic Uptake ◽  
Arsenic Reduction ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Stems And Leaves

Previous research has shown that soil and crops in Quoc Thai commune, An Phu district, An Giang province are severely contaminated with arsenic. The objectives of the experiment were (1) to evaluate effects of lime and sawdust on water pH and arsenic content in soil and 2) to determine effects of lime and sawdust on arsenic uptake by corn. The experiment was carried out in the field on the inside of the dyke with 4 treatments and 4 replications. The results showed that the treatment of lime combined with sawdust increased water pH and arsenic content in soil. The arsenic content in stems and leaves (95.3 mg/kg) and in seeds (6.33 mg/kg) of the maize was lower than that of the control by 31.9% and 49.4%, respectively. In brief, the use of lime in combination with sawdust to fertilize plants increased the water pH and arsenic content in the soil, while reducing the arsenic content in plants.

Crop Response and Arsenic Uptake Following Soil Incorporation of MSMA

Weed Science ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 322-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Baker ◽  
W. L. Barrentine ◽  
D. H. Bowman ◽  
W. L. Hawthorne ◽  
J. V. Pettiet
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Arsenic Content ◽  
Crop Response ◽  
Arsenic Uptake ◽  
Edible Portion ◽  
Snap Beans ◽  
Soil Arsenic ◽  
Untreated Check ◽  
Potato Yields ◽  
Red Pontiac

Five crops were grown for three seasons following a single soil-incorporated application of MSMA (monosodium methanearsonate). Crop sensitivity to soil arsenic decreased as follows: snap beans (Phaseolus vulgarisL. ‘Early Gallatin’ and ‘Tenderette’); rice (Oryza sativaL. ‘Dawn’ and ‘Starbonnet’); soybeans [Glycine max(L.) Merr. ‘Lee 68′]; potatoes (Solarium tuberosumL. ‘Red LaSoda’ and ‘Red Pontiac’); and cotton (Gossypium hirsutumL. ‘Stoneville 7A’). Over the 3-yr period, yield of snap beans was reduced 8, 14, and 85% below the untreated check where MSMA had been incorporated initially at 22, 45, and 269 kg/ha, respectively. Similar reductions in yield of rice were 18, 25, and 55%. Soybean and potato yields were significantly reduced only at the highest rate of MSMA while cotton yields were unaffected. Arsenic content in the edible portion of the crops decreased as follows: rice, snap beans, potatoes, soybeans, and cotton. The arsenic content in crops from the highest MSMA plots seldom exceeded twice that from the untreated plots.

scholarly journals Curcumin Synergistically Enhances the Cytotoxicity of Arsenic Trioxide in U266 Cells by Increasing Arsenic Uptake

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Dingding Han ◽  
Guibo Ma ◽  
Yujuan Gao ◽  
Yanhua Su
Keyword(s):  
Arsenic Trioxide ◽  
Western Blotting ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Arsenic Content ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Arsenic Uptake ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Drug Concentrations

Despite the constant emergence of new methods for the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM), relapse and drug resistance still exist, especially in MM with p53 mutations. Arsenic trioxide (ATO) can be used in MM treatment, but this single drug has poor effectiveness and also side effects. Curcumin is a safe and effective compound that can enhance the anticancer effects of many drugs. Previous studies have suggested that tumor cell sensitivity to ATO is related to the intracellular arsenic content, and aquaporin 9 (AQP9) is the key factor that determines intracellular arsenic content. This study aimed to explore whether curcumin can increase ATO cytotoxicity in MM and whether the mechanism is related to the regulation of intracellular arsenic content. U266 was treated with ATO, curcumin, and their combination, and cell proliferation, apoptosis, and intracellular arsenic content were detected by CCK-8 assay, flow cytometry, and HPLC-ICP-MS, respectively. AQP9 mRNA and protein levels were detected by qPCR and western blotting. The levels of Mcl-1, Bcl-2, Bax, caspase-3, and cleaved caspase-3 protein were detected by western blotting. ATO-induced cytotoxicity to U266 occurred in a time- and dose-dependent manner, but the therapeutic efficacy at low drug concentrations was modest. The arsenic content in U266 was lower than that in NB4, and the arsenic uptake by U266 was concentration-dependent. The expression levels of AQP9 mRNA and AQP9 protein in U266 were lower than those in NB4. Curcumin significantly enhanced the lethality of ATO to U266. The arsenic content in U266 in the combined drug group increased significantly compared with ATO treatment alone. After curcumin treatment, the AQP9 mRNA and AQP9 protein expression levels in U266 also increased. Compared with the control group, the expression of antiapoptotic proteins Mcl-1 and Bcl-2 decreased, the expression of proapoptotic protein Bax increased, the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 increased, and the expression of caspase-3 decreased and cleaved caspase-3 increased in the combined drug groups. Curcumin can enhance the killing effects of ATO on U266 by increasing the intracellular arsenic content, which may be related to the upregulation of AQP9 expression. The combination of these two drugs is expected to be a potential clinical treatment for MM.

Growth Effect and Accumulation of as on / in Two Vegetables in Three Types of Chinese Soil

2011 ◽  
Vol 347-353 ◽  
pp. 2048-2053
Author(s):  
Qing Bao Gu ◽  
Chang Sheng Peng ◽  
Qian Zhang ◽  
Fa Sheng Li
Keyword(s):  
Arsenic Concentration ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Growth Effect ◽  
Arsenic Content ◽  
Arsenic Uptake ◽  
Soil Arsenic ◽  
Different Types

Greenhouse trials with brassica camprestris (BC) and raphanns sativns (RS) grown in three types of Chinese soils (Henan fluvo-aquic soil; Jilin black soil; and Hunan red soil) were conducted to evaluate the growth effect and accumulation of As on/in vegetables resulting from different arsenic contents in soils. The arsenic uptake rate of the vegetables response to type of soils and investigated plant species as well. Experimental results show that low arsenic content in soil has no effect on vegetable growth, but promote the biomass of vegetables. However, higher arsenic concentrations in soils lead to decrease in growth of both leaf- and root systems of the vegetables, especially when arsenic concentration is above 90 mg kg-1 in the soil. Arsenic levels in soils and vegetables correlated positively according to the experimental results. The tests also reveal that vegetables grown in alkali soils may accumulate more arsenic than that in acid soils, which suggests that arsenic in different types of soil may have different impacts on vegetables even with the same concentration. Arsenic concentration in RS is always higher than that in BC during the experiments, which indicates root vegetables may, have greater ability for arsenic uptake from soil than leafy vegetables potentially.

scholarly journals Use of Endophytic and Rhizosphere Bacteria To Improve Phytoremediation of Arsenic-Contaminated Industrial Soils by Autochthonous Betula celtiberica

2017 ◽  
Vol 83 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Mesa ◽  
Alejandro Navazas ◽  
Ricardo González-Gil ◽  
Aida González ◽  
Nele Weyens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Field Application ◽  
Contaminated Site ◽  
Arsenic Content ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Arsenic Uptake

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of indigenous arsenic-tolerant bacteria to enhance arsenic phytoremediation by the autochthonous pseudometallophyte Betula celtiberica. The first goal was to perform an initial analysis of the entire rhizosphere and endophytic bacterial communities of the above-named accumulator plant, including the cultivable bacterial species. B. celtiberica's microbiome was dominated by taxa related to Flavobacteriales, Burkholderiales, and Pseudomonadales, especially the Pseudomonas and Flavobacterium genera. A total of 54 cultivable rhizobacteria and 41 root endophytes, mainly affiliated with the phyla Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria, were isolated and characterized with respect to several potentially useful features for metal plant accumulation, such as the ability to promote plant growth, metal chelation, and/or mitigation of heavy-metal stress. Seven bacterial isolates were further selected and tested for in vitro accumulation of arsenic in plants; four of them were finally assayed in field-scale bioaugmentation experiments. The exposure to arsenic in vitro caused an increase in the total nonprotein thiol compound content in roots, suggesting a detoxification mechanism through phytochelatin complexation. In the contaminated field, the siderophore and indole-3-acetic acid producers of the endophytic bacterial consortium enhanced arsenic accumulation in the leaves and roots of Betula celtiberica, whereas the rhizosphere isolate Ensifer adhaerens strain 91R mainly promoted plant growth. Field experimentation showed that additional factors, such as soil arsenic content and pH, influenced arsenic uptake in the plant, attesting to the relevance of field conditions in the success of phytoextraction strategies. IMPORTANCE Microorganisms and plants have developed several ways of dealing with arsenic, allowing them to resist and metabolize this metalloid. These properties form the basis of phytoremediation treatments and the understanding that the interactions of plants with soil bacteria are crucial for the optimization of arsenic uptake. To address this in our work, we initially performed a microbiome analysis of the autochthonous Betula celtiberica plants growing in arsenic-contaminated soils, including endosphere and rhizosphere bacterial communities. We then proceeded to isolate and characterize the cultivable bacteria that were potentially better suited to enhance phytoextraction efficiency. Eventually, we went to the field application stage. Our results corroborated the idea that recovery of pseudometallophyte-associated bacteria adapted to a large historically contaminated site and their use in bioaugmentation technologies are affordable experimental approaches and potentially very useful for implementing effective phytoremediation strategies with plants and their indigenous bacteria.

Development of apical pits in chloride cells of the gills of Pimephales promelas after chronic exposure to acid water

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 462-463
Author(s):  
Richard L. Leino ◽  
Jon G. Anderson ◽  
J. Howard McCormick
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Chronic Exposure ◽  
Lake Superior ◽  
Pimephales Promelas ◽  
Chloride Cells ◽  
Fathead Minnows ◽  
Secondary Lamellae ◽  
Untreated Water ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Flow Through

Groups of 12 fathead minnows were exposed for 129 days to Lake Superior water acidified (pH 5.0, 5.5, 6.0 or 6.5) with reagent grade H2SO4 by means of a multichannel toxicant system for flow-through bioassays. Untreated water (pH 7.5) had the following properties: hardness 45.3 ± 0.3 (95% confidence interval) mg/1 as CaCO3; alkalinity 42.6 ± 0.2 mg/1; Cl- 0.03 meq/1; Na+ 0.05 meq/1; K+ 0.01 meq/1; Ca2+ 0.68 meq/1; Mg2+ 0.26 meq/1; dissolved O2 5.8 ± 0.3 mg/1; free CO2 3.2 ± 0.4 mg/1; T= 24.3 ± 0.1°C. The 1st, 2nd and 3rd gills were subsequently processed for LM (methacrylate), TEM and SEM respectively.Three changes involving chloride cells were correlated with increasing acidity: 1) the appearance of apical pits (figs. 2,5 as compared to figs. 1, 3,4) in chloride cells (about 22% of the chloride cells had pits at pH 5.0); 2) increases in their numbers and 3) increases in the % of these cells in the epithelium of the secondary lamellae.

Example of Waste Water pH Control by Fuzzy

2007 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-309
Author(s):  
Takayuki Ohkura
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Ph Control ◽  
Water Ph

TISSUE DISTRIBUTION OF TRANSCRIPTS INVOLVED IN BIOSYNTHESIS OF BENZYLISOQUINOLINE ALKALOID IN MATURE PLANTS OF Argemone mexicana L. (Papaveraceae)

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Vázquez-Flota ◽  
Jorge Rubio-Piña ◽  
Jorge Xool-Tamayo ◽  
Mariela Vergara-Olivares ◽  
Yahaira Tamayo-Ordoñez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Distribution ◽  
Transport Mechanism ◽  
Gene Products ◽  
Argemone Mexicana ◽  
Benzylisoquinoline Alkaloid ◽  
Stems And Leaves ◽  
Specific Reactions

The distribution of berberine and sanguinarine was analyzed in roots, stems and leaves of mature Argemone mexicana plants, along with that of transcripts corresponding to selected genes involved in both early biosynthetic reactions, which are common to both alkaloids, and in the late specific reactions conducting to the formation of each of them. Roots were the main sites of alkaloid accumulation, though they showed the lowest accumulation of the analyzed transcripts. Results are discussed in terms of the operation of a possible transport mechanism of alkaloids between the aerial tissues and the roots, or the occurrence of different biosynthetic alternative reactions in both parts, aerial and underground tissues, involving different gene products, yet with similar catalytic capacities.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document