scholarly journals Evaluation of systemic vasoconstriction and prognosis using thermography: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-139
Author(s):  
RO Jensen ◽  
◽  
RSL Lo ◽  
JG Kellett ◽  
CA Graham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Stroke Volume ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Animal Study ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Shock Index ◽  
Peripheral Temperature

Purpose: This systematic review investigates whether infrared thermography (IRT) can measure systemic vasoconstriction and addresses the value of IRT in assessing circulatory deficiency and prognoses. Methods: Design was based on the PRISMA criteria and a systematic search of 6 databases was performed. Results: Of 3,198 records, five articles were included. Three clinical studies were identified; two found significant correlations between IRT obtained temperatures and mortality. An experimental study found an association between peripheral temperature and stroke volume. An animal study found that central-peripheral temperature differences correlated with shock index, mean arterial pressure, and disease progression. Conclusions: Data from the most valid study suggests that central-peripheral temperature differences should be investigated further, both on its own, and integrated with other variables.

scholarly journals Hemodynamic Changes Associated with Spinal Anesthesia for Cesarean Delivery in Severe Preeclampsia

2008 ◽  
Vol 108 (5) ◽  
pp. 802-811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Dyer ◽  
Jenna L. Piercy ◽  
Anthony R. Reed ◽  
Carl J. Lombard ◽  
Leann K. Schoeman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Stroke Volume ◽  
Spinal Anesthesia ◽  
Cesarean Delivery ◽  
Systemic Vascular Resistance ◽  
Vascular Resistance ◽  
Severe Preeclampsia

Background Hemodynamic responses to spinal anesthesia (SA) for cesarean delivery in patients with severe preeclampsia are poorly understood. This study used a beat-by-beat monitor of cardiac output (CO) to characterize the response to SA. The hypothesis was that CO would decrease from baseline values by less than 20%. Methods Fifteen patients with severe preeclampsia consented to an observational study. The monitor employed used pulse wave form analysis to estimate nominal stroke volume. Calibration was by lithium dilution. CO and systemic vascular resistance were derived from the measured stroke volume, heart rate, and mean arterial pressure. In addition, the hemodynamic effects of phenylephrine, the response to delivery and oxytocin, and hemodynamics during recovery from SA were recorded. Hemodynamic values were averaged for defined time intervals before, during, and after SA. Results Cardiac output remained stable from induction of SA until the time of request for analgesia. Mean arterial pressure and systemic vascular resistance decreased significantly from the time of adoption of the supine position until the end of surgery. After oxytocin administration, systemic vascular resistance decreased and heart rate and CO increased. Phenylephrine, 50 mug, increased mean arterial pressure to above target values and did not significantly change CO. At the time of recovery from SA, there were no clinically relevant changes from baseline hemodynamic values. Conclusions Spinal anesthesia in severe preeclampsia was associated with clinically insignificant changes in CO. Phenylephrine restored mean arterial pressure but did not increase maternal CO. Oxytocin caused transient marked hypotension, tachycardia, and increases in CO.

scholarly journals Mean Arterial Pressure and Chronic Kidney Disease Progression in the CKiD Cohort

Hypertension ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janis M. Dionne ◽  
Shuai Jiang ◽  
Derek K. Ng ◽  
Joseph T. Flynn ◽  
Mark M. Mitsnefes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Ambulatory Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Pressure Monitoring ◽  
Risk Of Progression ◽  
Kidney Disease Progression

Consensus blood pressure guidelines vary in their recommended ambulatory blood pressure targets for children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) because of limited research in this area. We analyzed longitudinal ambulatory blood pressure monitoring data from 679 children with moderate CKD enrolled in the observational CKiD (Chronic Kidney Disease in Children) cohort by time-varying mean arterial pressure (MAP) percentile categories based on the highest wake or sleep MAP percentile. Analyses were stratified by nonglomerular and glomerular diagnoses, with 3 models constructed: unadjusted, adjusted for age, sex, and race, and additional adjustment for proteinuria. The outcome of interest was time to renal replacement therapy or 50% decline in baseline renal function. We found that among children with nonglomerular CKD, MAP percentile was not associated with accelerated disease progression risk until after 4 years of follow-up at which point a high MAP (>90th percentile) was associated with a higher risk of progression to the composite end point (HR, 1.88 [CI, 1.03–3.44]). Among those with glomerular CKD, differential risk for progression began from baseline with the highest risk in those with MAP >90th percentile (HR, 3.23 [CI, 1.34–7.79]). These relationships were attenuated somewhat after adjustment for level of proteinuria, but the trend for higher MAP being associated with higher risk of progression remained significant. Thus, in children with CKD, having ambulatory wake or sleep MAP >90th percentile was associated with higher risk of kidney disease progression with the highest levels of MAP associated with the greatest risk of progression. REGISTRATION: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov ; Unique identifier: NCT00327860

Dynamic exercise training in foxhounds. I. Oxygen consumption and hemodynamic responses

1985 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. I. Musch ◽  
G. C. Haidet ◽  
G. A. Ordway ◽  
J. C. Longhurst ◽  
J. H. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Stroke Volume ◽  
Maximal Exercise ◽  
Submaximal Exercise ◽  
Maximal Heart Rate ◽  
O2 Consumption

Ten foxhounds were studied during maximal and submaximal exercise on a motor-driven treadmill before and after 8–12 wk of training. Training consisted of working at 80% of maximal heart rate 1 h/day, 5 days/wk. Maximal O2 consumption (VO2max) increased 28% from 113.7 +/- 5.5 to 146.1 +/- 5.4 ml O2 X min-1 X kg-1, pre- to posttraining. This increase in VO2max was due primarily to a 27% increase in maximal cardiac output, since maximal arteriovenous O2 difference increased only 4% above pretraining values. Mean arterial pressure during maximal exercise did not change from pre- to posttraining, with the result that calculated systemic vascular resistance (SVR) decreased 20%. There were no training-induced changes in O2 consumption, cardiac output, arteriovenous O2 difference, mean arterial pressure, or SVR at any level of submaximal exercise. However, if post- and pretraining values are compared, heart rate was lower and stroke volume was greater at any level of submaximal exercise. Venous lactate concentrations during a given level of submaximal exercise were significantly lower during posttraining compared with pretraining, but venous lactate concentrations during maximal exercise did not change as a result of exercise training. These results indicate that a program of endurance training will produce a significant increase in VO2max in the foxhound. This increase in VO2max is similar to that reported previously for humans and rats but is derived primarily from central (stroke volume) changes rather than a combination of central and peripheral (O2 extraction) changes.

Cardiorespiratory response patterns to afferent stimulation of muscle nerves in the rabbit

1996 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 266-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Raimondi ◽  
J. M. Legramante ◽  
F. Iellamo ◽  
S. Cassarino ◽  
G. Peruzzi
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Stroke Volume ◽  
Venous Pressure ◽  
Response Patterns ◽  
Central Venous ◽  
Frequency Stimulation ◽  
End Tidal ◽  
Stimulation Of

The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that stimulation of thin fiber muscle afferents is capable of matching the cardiovascular and ventilatory responses. In 46 anesthetized rabbits, the central end of the gastrocnemius nerves was electrically stimulated at 3 [low-frequency stimulation (LFS)] and 100 Hz [high-frequency stimulation (HFS)]. Intensities up to 200 times motor threshold were used. LFS induced a decrease in both mean arterial pressure (-19.9 +/- 2.9%) and systemic vascular resistance (-23.9 +/- 3.2%) an increase in cardiac output (CO) (6.4 +/- 1.7%), stroke volume (7.3 +/- 3.0%) and pulmonary ventilation (VE) (26.7 +/- 2.3%); heart rate and central venous pressure were not changed significantly. HFS induced an increase in mean arterial pressure (11.1 +/- 4.9%), CO (15.8 +/- 5.4%), stroke volume (13.4 +/- 5.4%), and VE but no significant changes in heart rate, systemic vascular resistance and central venous pressure. In both response patterns, arterial and end-tidal CO2 did not change significantly. The patterns of cardiorespiratory responses to both LFS and HFS were characterized by an increase in Co and VE without concomitant decreases in arterial and end-tidal PCO2 (isocapnic hyperpnea).

Determining Optimal Mean Arterial Pressure After Cardiac Arrest: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiran J. K. Rikhraj ◽  
Michael D. Wood ◽  
Ryan L. Hoiland ◽  
Sharanjit Thiara ◽  
Donald E. G. Griesdale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Pressure

scholarly journals Abnormal cardiovascular response to nitroglycerin in migraine

Cephalalgia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 266-277
Author(s):  
Willebrordus PJ van Oosterhout ◽  
Guus G Schoonman ◽  
Dirk P Saal ◽  
Roland D Thijs ◽  
Michel D Ferrari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Stroke Volume ◽  
Total Peripheral Resistance ◽  
Cardiovascular Response ◽  
Peripheral Resistance ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Initial Increase

Introduction Migraine and vasovagal syncope are comorbid conditions that may share part of their pathophysiology through autonomic control of the systemic circulation. Nitroglycerin can trigger both syncope and migraine attacks, suggesting enhanced systemic sensitivity in migraine. We aimed to determine the cardiovascular responses to nitroglycerin in migraine. Methods In 16 women with migraine without aura and 10 age- and gender-matched controls without headache, intravenous nitroglycerin (0.5 µg·kg−1·min−1) was administered. Finger photoplethysmography continuously assessed cardiovascular parameters (mean arterial pressure, heart rate, cardiac output, stroke volume and total peripheral resistance) before, during and after nitroglycerin infusion. Results Nitroglycerin provoked a migraine-like attack in 13/16 (81.2%) migraineurs but not in controls ( p = .0001). No syncope was provoked. Migraineurs who later developed a migraine-like attack showed different responses in all parameters vs. controls (all p < .001): The decreases in cardiac output and stroke volume were more rapid and longer lasting, heart rate increased, mean arterial pressure and total peripheral resistance were higher and decreased steeply after an initial increase. Discussion Migraineurs who developed a migraine-like attack in response to nitroglycerin showed stronger systemic cardiovascular responses compared to non-headache controls. The stronger systemic cardiovascular responses in migraine suggest increased systemic sensitivity to vasodilators, possibly due to insufficient autonomic compensatory mechanisms.

Cardiovascular Effects of Moxibustion at Jen Chung (Go-26) during Halothane Anesthesia in Dogs

1975 ◽  
Vol 03 (03) ◽  
pp. 245-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Do Chil Lee ◽  
Myung O. Lee ◽  
Donald H. Clifford
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Stroke Volume ◽  
Total Peripheral Resistance ◽  
Venous Pressure ◽  
Peripheral Resistance ◽  
Cardiovascular Effects ◽  
Halothane Anesthesia

The cardiovascular effects of moxibustion at Jen Chung (Go-26) in 10 dogs under halothane anesthesia were compared to 5 dogs under halothane anesthesia without moxibustion and 5 dogs under halothane anesthesia in which moxibustion was effected at a neutral or non-acupuncture site. Cardiac output, stroke volume, heart rate, mean arterial pressure, central venous pressure, total peripheral resistance, pH, PaCO2, PaO2 and base deficit were measured over a two-hour period. A significant increase in cardiac output and stroke volume and a significant decrease in the total peripheral resistance were observed in the group which was stimulated by moxibustion at Jen Chun (Go-26). Heart rate, mean arterial pressure and pulse pressure were significantly increase during the early part of the two-hour period in the same group. The cardiovascular effects of moxibustion at Jen Chung (Go-26) which were observed at the end of the two hours were also present in two dogs in which measurements were continued for two additional hours.

Effects of supine, prone, and lateral positions on cardiovascular and renal variables in humans

2002 ◽  
Vol 283 (1) ◽  
pp. R174-R180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bettina Pump ◽  
Ulrik Talleruphuus ◽  
Niels Juel Christensen ◽  
Jørgen Warberg ◽  
Peter Norsk
Keyword(s):  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Stroke Volume ◽  
Prone Position ◽  
Urine Output ◽  
Left Atrial ◽  
Lateral Position ◽  
Left Atrial Diameter ◽  
Left Lateral Position ◽  
Gravitational Stress

The hypothesis was tested that changing the direction of the transverse gravitational stress in horizontal humans modulates cardiovascular and renal variables. On different study days, 14 healthy males were placed for 6 h in either the horizontal supine or prone position following 3 h of being supine. Eight of the subjects were in addition investigated in the horizontal left lateral position. Compared with supine, the prone position slightly increased free water clearance (349 ± 38 vs. 447 ± 39 ml/6 h, P = 0.05) and urine output (1,387 ± 55 vs. 1,533 ± 52 ml/6 h, P = 0.06) with no statistically significant effect on renal sodium excretion (69 ± 3 vs. 76 ± 5 mmol/6 h, P = 0.21). Mean arterial pressure and left atrial diameter were similar comparing effects of supine with prone. The prone position induced an increase in heart rate (54 ± 2 to 58 ± 2 beats/min, P < 0.05), total peripheral vascular resistance (13 ± 1 to 16 ± 1 mmHg · min−1 · l−1, P < 0.05), forearm venous plasma concentration of norepinephrine (97 ± 9 to 123 ± 16 pg/ml, P< 0.05), and atrial natriuretic peptide (49 ± 4 to 79 ± 12 pg/ml, P < 0.05), whereas stroke volume decreased (122 ± 5 to 102 ± 3 ml, P < 0.05, n = 6). The left lateral position had no effect on renal variables, whereas left atrial diameter increased (32 ± 1 to 35 ± 1 mm, P < 0.05) and mean arterial pressure decreased (90 ± 2 to mean value of 85 ± 2 mmHg, P < 0.05). In conclusion, the prone position reduced stroke volume and increased sympathetic nervous activity, possibly because of mechanical compression of the thorax with slight impediment of arterial filling. The mechanisms of the slightly augmented urine output in prone position require further experimentation.

Effect of Hydraulic Expansion on Arteriovenous Fistula of Hemodialysis Patients

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanjun Ren ◽  
Yuejuan Du ◽  
Huili Jiang ◽  
Dongmei Xu
Keyword(s):  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Stroke Volume ◽  
Arteriovenous Fistula ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Secondary Patency ◽  
Conventional Surgery ◽  
Surgery Group ◽  
The Mean

Background Chronic kidney disease has become a serious public health problem in China. Our study is to explore effect of hydraulic expansion on arteriovenous fistula (AVF) of hemodialysis patients. Methods A total of 190 patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) were randomly divided into hydraulic expansion group (n = 117) and conventional surgery group (n = 73). Age, sex, the cause of ESRD, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, and diameter of artery and vein from ultrasonography before surgery from patients were recorded. Doppler ultrasonography of vessel was performed with a 12-MHz scanning probe for vascular measurements. The time of first cannulation was recorded. Primary and secondary patency rates were compared between the two groups. Results The mean arterial pressure for this cohort of patients was around 98.12 mm Hg. The mean diameters of artery and vein ready for anastomoses measured by ultrasonography before surgery were 1.96 and 2.04 mm, respectively. Age, weight, BMI, sex ratio, the cause of renal failure, history of catheter insertion, mean arterial pressure, frequency of hemodialysis, blood flow of hemodialysis, and the mode of anastomoses of AVF in conventional surgery group were similar to hydraulic expansion group. There were no differences in stroke volume of radius arterial and venous pressure before dilation between the two groups. The stroke volume of radius artery increased significantly after hydraulic expansion than before dilation and control group. The primary patency rates of AVF in patients with hydraulic expansion were higher significantly than conventional surgery group. The secondary patency rates in conventional surgery group were not different from hydraulic expansion group. Conclusion Hydraulic expansion showed no difference from conventional surgery in complication after operation, and could decrease the time reliance on catheters and the risk of catheter-related infection, thrombosis, and decrease the related medical care costs.

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