scholarly journals A young patient with heart failure – Picture Quiz Answer

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-51
Author(s):  
H Patel ◽  
◽  
G Dhillon ◽  
A Bandali ◽  
Neil Patel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Sinus Tachycardia ◽  
Coronary Artery Spasm ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Invasive Test ◽  
No Gold Standard ◽  
Include Heart Failure

There is no ‘gold standard’ non-invasive test to diagnose myocarditis. It is a clinico-histopathological diagnosis.1 Clinical manifestations include: heart failure, chest pain (from either pericarditis or angina from coronary artery spasm/inf lammation), sudden cardiac death and arrhythmias (sinus tachycardia, ectopics, ventricular tachycardia, heart blocks). Examination may reveal raised JVP, pulmonary crackles, a gallop rhythm or a pericardial rub.

scholarly journals Interleukin-1 receptor-induced PGE2 production controls acetylcholine-mediated cardiac dysfunction and mortality during scorpion envenomation

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mouzarllem B. Reis ◽  
Fernanda L. Rodrigues ◽  
Natalia Lautherbach ◽  
Alexandre Kanashiro ◽  
Carlos A. Sorgi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiac Dysfunction ◽  
Acetylcholine Release ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Prostaglandin E ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Scorpion Envenomation ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Include Heart Failure

Abstract Scorpion envenomation is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among accidents caused by venomous animals. Major clinical manifestations that precede death after scorpion envenomation include heart failure and pulmonary edema. Here, we demonstrate that cardiac dysfunction and fatal outcomes caused by lethal scorpion envenomation in mice are mediated by a neuro-immune interaction linking IL-1 receptor signaling, prostaglandin E2, and acetylcholine release. IL-1R deficiency, the treatment with a high dose of dexamethasone or blockage of parasympathetic signaling using atropine or vagotomy, abolished heart failure and mortality of envenomed mice. Therefore, we propose the use of dexamethasone administration very early after envenomation, even before antiserum, to inhibit the production of inflammatory mediators and acetylcholine release, and to reduce the risk of death.

scholarly journals Risk stratification and subclinical phenotyping of dilated and/or arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy mutation-positive relatives: CVON eDETECT consortium

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. Roudijk ◽  
K. Taha ◽  
M. Bourfiss ◽  
P. Loh ◽  
L. van den Heuvel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Sudden Cardiac Death ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Risk Stratification ◽  
Dilated Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Early Detection Of Disease ◽  
Non Invasive

AbstractIn relatives of index patients with dilated cardiomyopathy and arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy, early detection of disease onset is essential to prevent sudden cardiac death and facilitate early treatment of heart failure. However, the optimal screening interval and combination of diagnostic techniques are unknown. The clinical course of disease in index patients and their relatives is variable due to incomplete and age-dependent penetrance. Several biomarkers, electrocardiographic and imaging (echocardiographic deformation imaging and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging) techniques are promising non-invasive methods for detection of subclinical cardiomyopathy. However, these techniques need optimisation and integration into clinical practice. Furthermore, determining the optimal interval and intensity of cascade screening may require a personalised approach. To address this, the CVON-eDETECT (early detection of disease in cardiomyopathy mutation carriers) consortium aims to integrate electronic health record data from long-term follow-up, diagnostic data sets, tissue and plasma samples in a multidisciplinary biobank environment to provide personalised risk stratification for heart failure and sudden cardiac death. Adequate risk stratification may lead to personalised screening, treatment and optimal timing of implantable cardioverter defibrillator implantation. In this article, we describe non-invasive diagnostic techniques used for detection of subclinical disease in relatives of index patients with dilated cardiomyopathy and arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy.

scholarly journals Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: Translating cellular cross talk into therapeutics

2012 ◽  
Vol 199 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Polakit Teekakirikul ◽  
Robert F. Padera ◽  
J.G. Seidman ◽  
Christine E. Seidman
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Sudden Cardiac Death ◽  
Mouse Models ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Adverse Outcomes

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a common inherited heart disease with serious adverse outcomes, including heart failure, arrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death. The discovery that mutations in sarcomere protein genes cause HCM has enabled the development of mouse models that recapitulate clinical manifestations of disease. Studies in these models have provided unexpected insights into the biophysical and biochemical properties of mutated contractile proteins and may help to improve clinical diagnosis and management of patients with HCM.

scholarly journals Cardiomyopathy Associated With Tertiary Adrenal Insufficiency Manifesting as Refractory Heart Failure, Shock, and Sudden Cardiac Death: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuefeng Wang ◽  
Yong Luo ◽  
Jian Feng
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Sudden Cardiac Death ◽  
Dilated Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Adrenal Insufficiency ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Pituitary Hormones ◽  
Idiopathic Dilated Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Cardiac Resynchronization

Dilated cardiomyopathy is an etiologically heterogeneous disorder. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment of the underlying disease are of great significance. Primary and secondary adrenal insufficiency are considered quite rare causes of dilated cardiomyopathy. However, to the best of our knowledge, no case of cardiomyopathy associated with tertiary adrenal insufficiency has been reported. Herein, we described a 68-year-old woman with a 15-year history of seasonal dermatitis presented with frequent heart failure and shock. At first, she was diagnosed with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy, but standard heart failure and antishock treatment failed. Given her long-term use of dexamethasone for treating seasonal dermatitis, and clinical manifestations consistent with adrenal insufficiency, we tested her basal plasma cortisol, simultaneous corticotropin, and other pituitary hormones, confirming that she had tertiary adrenal insufficiency. Additionally, abdominal enhanced computed tomography revealed atrophic bilateral adrenal glands, indicating long-standing and severe adrenal insufficiency. Then hydrocortisone replacement therapy was initiated, and she recovered rapidly. During the next 2 years of follow-up, she never experienced any episodes of heart failure and shock. Unfortunately, she refused the implantation of defibrillator with cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT-D) and died of sudden cardiac death 2 years later. Although we could not exclude the coincidence of idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy with tertiary adrenal insufficiency with 100% certainty, her unique clinical course strongly indicated that her cardiomyopathy resulted from tertiary adrenal insufficiency. This case demonstrates that patients on corticosteroids are at risk for tertiary adrenal insufficiency, which may result in refractory cardiomyopathy and even sudden cardiac death.

Infiltrative cardiomyopathy

2021 ◽  
pp. 645-660
Author(s):  
Massimo Lombardi ◽  
Silvia Pica ◽  
Antonella Camporeale ◽  
Alessia Gimelli ◽  
Dudley J. Pennell
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Multimodality Imaging ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Infiltrative Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Systemic Disorder ◽  
Myocardial Involvement ◽  
Infiltrative Cardiomyopathies

Infiltrative cardiomyopathies are comprised of a variety of inherited or acquired conditions. Myocardial involvement is often part of a complex systemic disorder, but sometimes the disease can manifest predominantly in the heart. Clinical manifestations are heterogeneous, from mild symptoms to early cardiac death. A multimodality imaging approach by means of echocardiography, cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR), and molecular imaging is necessary; a comprehensive assessment of morphologic, functional, tissue, and metabolic changes is the key to improve the pathophysiologic understanding of these diseases, favouring early differential diagnosis and risk stratification of patients. Furthermore, quantitative, non-invasive assessment of tissue pathology is now available and plays a crucial role in the follow-up of patients affected by infiltrative cardiomyopathies, improving their management and potentially guiding the development of existing and new therapies.

scholarly journals Interactions Networks for Primary Heart Sarcomas

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 3882
Author(s):  
Styliani A. Geronikolou ◽  
Athanasia Pavlopoulou ◽  
George P. Chrousos ◽  
Dennis V. Cokkinos
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Antiarrhythmic Drugs ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
High Confidence ◽  
P4 Medicine ◽  
Radio Therapy ◽  
Adrenergic Blockers ◽  
Heart Tumors ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Include Heart Failure

Personalized medicine incorporates genetic information into medical practice so as to optimize the management of chronic diseases. In rare diseases, such as heart cancer (incidence 0.0017–0.33%), this may be elusive. Ninety-five percent of the cases are due to secondary involvementwith the neoplasm originating in the lungs, breasts, kidney, blood, or skin. The clinical manifestations of heart tumors (benign or malignant) include heart failure, hypertension, and cardiac arrhythmias of varying severity, frequently resulting in blood vessel emboli, including strokes. This study aims to explain the pathophysiology and contribute to a P4 medicine model for use by cardiologists, pathologists, and oncologists. We created six gene/protein heart-related and tumor-related targets high-confidence interactomes, which unfold the main pathways that may lead to cardiac diseases (heart failure, hypertension, coronary artery disease, arrhythmias), i.e., the sympathetic nervous system, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone axis and the endothelin pathway, and excludes others, such as the K oxidase or cytochrome P450 pathways. We concluded that heart cancer patients could be affected by beta-adrenergic blockers, ACE inhibitors, QT-prolonging antiarrhythmic drugs, antibiotics, and antipsychotics. Interactomes may elucidate unknown pathways, adding to patient/survivor wellness during/after chemo- and/or radio-therapy.

scholarly journals Early Onset Lyme Myopericarditis With Left Ventricular Dysfunction and Mitral Regurgitation

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 232470962110452
Author(s):  
Muhammad B. Malik ◽  
Amarah Baluch ◽  
Soumya Adhikari ◽  
Sahir Quraeshi ◽  
Suman Rao
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Sudden Cardiac Death ◽  
Left Ventricular Dysfunction ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Ventricular Dysfunction ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Lyme Carditis ◽  
Rare Manifestation ◽  
Prompt Diagnosis

Lyme carditis is a rare manifestation of early disseminated Lyme disease with an incidence of 0.5% with left ventricular dysfunction and valvular involvement being exceedingly rare. Clinical manifestations typically occur 1 to 2 months after infection and include arrhythmias, conduction abnormalities, myopericarditis, and ventricular dysfunction. If left untreated, Lyme carditis can lead to acute heart failure and sudden cardiac death thus prompt diagnosis and treatment are essential in management. Here, we present a case of Lyme carditis with left ventricular dysfunction and valvular involvement occurring shortly after known tick exposure.

scholarly journals A Rare Cause of Heart Failure Treated by Heart Transplantation: Noncompaction of the Ventricular Myocardium

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julien Bordes ◽  
Bertrand Jop ◽  
Sandrine Imbert ◽  
Sami Hraiech ◽  
Frédéric Collard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Heart Transplantation ◽  
Ventricular Arrhythmias ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Ventricular Myocardium ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Cavity ◽  
Illustrative Case ◽  
Echocardiographic Findings ◽  
Include Heart Failure

Noncompaction of the ventricular myocardium is a rare cardiomyopathy due to an arrest of myocardial morphogenesis. The characteristic echocardiographic findings are prominent myocardial trabeculations and deep intertrabecular spaces communicating with the left ventricular cavity. The clinical manifestations include heart failure (HF) signs, ventricular arrhythmias, and cardioembolic events. We describe an illustrative case of noncompaction of the ventricular myocardium associated with bicuspid aortic valve, a 42-year-old male presenting a refractory acute heart failure successfully treated by emergency heart transplantation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document