scholarly journals Milk-Alkali Syndrome: An Unusual Cause of Acute Renal Failure

2003 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-65
Author(s):  
Azhar Ahmad ◽  
◽  
Rodney Dathan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Metabolic Alkalosis ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Symptomatic Treatment ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
H2 Receptor Antagonists ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Ulcer Disease

Milk–alkali syndrome is described as a triad of hypercalcaemia, metabolic alkalosis and renal impairment, resulting from the ingestion of calcium and absorbable alkali1. It was more common in the early part of the century when antacids were used for the symptomatic treatment of peptic ulcer disease. The use of antacids has since been overtaken by H2- receptor antagonists and proton pump inhibitors. More recently, there have been various case reports of milk-alkali syndrome due to the increasing use of calcium carbonate as part of the management of osteoporosis and chronic renal failure, and also the increasing availability of calcium carbonate ‘over the counter’. We describe a case of milk-alkali syndrome due to self-medication with calcium carbonate.

scholarly journals Acute milk-alkali syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bidhya Timilsina ◽  
Niranjan Tachamo ◽  
Prem Raj Parajuli ◽  
Ilan Gabriely
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Metabolic Alkalosis ◽  
List Type ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Excess Calcium ◽  
Severe Hypercalcemia ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion ◽  
Learning Points ◽  
Rule Out

Summary A 74-year-old woman presented with progressive lethargy, confusion, poor appetite and abdominal pain. She was found to have non-PTH-mediated severe hypercalcemia with renal failure and metabolic alkalosis. Extensive workup for hypercalcemia to rule out alternate etiology was unrevealing. Upon further questioning, she was taking excess calcium carbonate (Tums) for her worsening heartburn. She was diagnosed with milk-alkali syndrome (MAS). Her hypercalcemia and alkalosis recovered completely with aggressive hydration along with improvement in her renal function. High index of suspicion should be maintained and history of drug and supplements, especially calcium ingestion, should be routinely asked in patients presenting with hypercalcemia to timely diagnose MAS and prevent unnecessary tests and treatments. Learning points: Suspect milk-alkali syndrome in patients with hypercalcemia, metabolic alkalosis and renal failure, especially in context of ingestion of excess calcium-containing supplements. Careful history of over-the-counter medications, supplements and diet is crucial to diagnose milk-alkali syndrome. Milk-alkali syndrome may cause severe hypercalcemia in up to 25–30% of cases.

scholarly journals Self-care convicting adverse reaction: prednisolone instance

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1285
Author(s):  
Pamayyagari Kalpana
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Reaction ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Symptomatic Treatment ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Wide Spread ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Medical Supervision ◽  
Health Events ◽  
Adverse Health Events

Self-medication is a wide spread behavior, particularly among elderly patients. Self-medication involves not only the consumption of over-the-counter products but also the re-use of formerly prescribed drugs without medical supervision. This practice may lead to severe adverse health events. Here we report a case of old female, presented with cushingoid face and hyperglycemia due to self-medication of high dose Prednisolone for longer duration. Symptomatic treatment was given to stabilize the patient. Patient was warned regarding the adverse effects of drugs and strictly advised to use medication only under medical supervision.

Camphor Poisoning: Over-the-Counter Dangers

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 428-431
Author(s):  
William J. Phelan
Keyword(s):  
Castor Oil ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Poison Control ◽  
University Of Michigan ◽  
Accidental Ingestion ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
The University ◽  
Michigan Medical

Intoxication from camphor has been reported frequently in the literature for decades, most cases involving the accidental ingestion of camphorated oil, mistaken for castor oil or other similar products. Over 20 years ago, Smith and Margolis1 collected 130 nonfatal and 18 fatal cases from literature dating back to 1833. Recent data from the National Clearinghouse for Poison Control Centers reveal an increasing proportion of ingestions of other over-the-counter camphor-containing preparations.2-3 Two cases with documented serum camphor levels have prompted this report and discussion of camphor's role in the self-medication over-the-counter armamentarium. CASE REPORTS Case 1 A 3-year-old girl was transferred to the University of Michigan Medical Center from a local emergency room.

scholarly journals Antacids, Altered Mental Status, and Milk-Alkali Syndrome

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Simon C. Watson ◽  
Bonnie B. Dellinger ◽  
Katie Jennings ◽  
Lancer A. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Mental Status ◽  
Proton Pump ◽  
Metabolic Alkalosis ◽  
Altered Mental Status ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
Calcium Supplements ◽  
Patients At Risk

The frequency of milk-alkali syndrome decreased rapidly after the development of histamine-2 antagonists and proton pump inhibitors for the treatment of peptic ulcer disease; however, the availability and overconsumption of antacids and calcium supplements can still place patients at risk (D. P. Beall et al., 2006). Here we describe a patient who presented with altered mental status, hypercalcemia, metabolic alkalosis, and acute renal failure in the context of ingesting large amounts of antacids to control dyspepsia.

scholarly journals Milk-alkali syndrome in a rare environment associated with an uncommon feature

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 704
Author(s):  
Collins Amadi
Keyword(s):  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Renal Insufficiency ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
Low Incidence ◽  
Enriched Milk ◽  
Modern Era ◽  
Ulcer Treatment

Milk-alkali syndrome is a rare syndrome noted in the premodern era during treatment of peptic ulcer disease with calcium-enriched milk and absorbable alkali. It was associated with hypercalcemia, alkalosis, renal insufficiency and hyperphosphatemia during that era. Its incidence fell following the advent of modern era forms of peptic ulcer treatment. However, the syndrome is re-emerging owing to the availability of over-the-counter calcium carbonate-containing antacids in this modern era but with a low incidence of hyperphosphatemia. The syndrome is rare in our environment and has not been reported. Here, we report a rare case of milk-alkali syndrome associated with hyperphosphatemia in an adult male who presented to us after weeks of ingestion of antacids. He was managed accordingly and made full recovery after four weeks.

scholarly journals Future Pharmacists’ Opinions on the Facilitation of Self-Care with Over-the-Counter Products and Whether This Should Remain a Core Role

Pharmacy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Lezley-Anne Hanna ◽  
Alana Murphy ◽  
Maurice Hall ◽  
Rebecca Craig
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Contraception ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Pharmacy Students ◽  
Single Institution ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Otc Medicines ◽  
Practice Methods ◽  
Identifiable Data

Background: The aim was to investigate pharmacy students’ views on the role of the pharmacist in facilitating self-care with over-the-counter (OTC) medicines, particularly in light of new roles, and establish personal practice. Methods: Final year pharmacy students at Queen’s University Belfast were invited to participate. Data were collected via a pre-piloted questionnaire, distributed at a compulsory class (only non-identifiable data were requested). Descriptive statistics were performed, and non-parametric tests were employed for inferential statistical analysis (responses by gender). Results: The response rate was 87.6% (78/89); 34.6% (27/78) males and 65.4% (51/78) females. Over a third [34.6% (27/78)] reported using OTC medicines about once a month. All appreciated the importance of an evidence-based approach to optimize patient care. Most [(96.2% (75/78)] deemed OTC consultations should remain a fundamental responsibility of pharmacists and 69.2% (54/78) thought OTC consultations have the potential to be as complex as independent pharmacist prescribing. Females felt more confident recommending OTC emergency contraception than males (p = 0.002 for levonorgestrel and p = 0.011 for ulipristal acetate). Many [61.5% (48/78)] considered more medicines should not be deregulated from prescription-only status. Conclusions: Data from this single institution suggests that enabling self-medication is an important part of practice but there were confidence issues around deregulations.

scholarly journals The co-occurrence of leukemoid reaction and hypercalcemia in a patient with endometrial cancer: A case report and literature review

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 003685042110040
Author(s):  
Weimin Tao ◽  
Qin Yan ◽  
Yao Zhou ◽  
Yanli Wang ◽  
Zhiqiang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Early Identification ◽  
Metabolic Alkalosis ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Symptomatic Treatment ◽  
Clinical Situation ◽  
Paraneoplastic Syndromes ◽  
Leukemoid Reaction ◽  
Clinical Prognosis ◽  
Infection Treatment

Paraneoplastic syndromes are rarely seen in gynecological tumors especially in endometrial cancer. Early identification of paraneoplastic syndromes plays a significant role in the treatment and prognosis of cancer. Here, we reported a rare case with endometrial cancer with a 2.7 cm × 2.2 cm × 3.4 cm lesion in the posterior cervix presenting leukemoid reaction and hypercalcemia as paraneoplastic syndromes simultaneously. During the progress of the endometrial cancer, her leukocyte level rose up to 60.7 × 109/L after anti-infection treatment. Meanwhile, the patient represented a series of severe clinical situation including hypercalcemia, hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis. and respiratory failure. Finally, the patient died of respiratory circulatory failure 2 weeks later. In addition to symptomatic treatment, possible treatment targeted on the primary tumor as early as possible might help to improve the clinical prognosis.

Metabolic alkalosis in patients with renal failure

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 1932-1932 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. Milionis ◽  
M. S. Elisaf
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Metabolic Alkalosis
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