Direct ophthalmoscopy for the acute physicia – papilloedema and other abnormalities of the optic nerve head

2002 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-63
Author(s):  
B Edmunds ◽  
◽  
P J Francis ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Optic Nerve Head ◽  
Visual Disturbance ◽  
Medical Setting ◽  
Altered Level ◽  
Level Of Consciousness ◽  
Systemic Disorder ◽  
Systemic Examination ◽  
Direct Ophthalmoscopy

Direct ophthalmoscopy is an essential part of the full systemic examination. However, the technique is challenging and time-consuming. In the acute medical setting therefore, it is advisable for the physician to identify the subgroup of patients in whom examination of the fundus is most likely to be helpful. Ophthalmoscopy should be performed where papilloedema is suspected, in those with an altered level of consciousness or other focal neurology, those with an unknown systemic disorder, and those complaining of visual disturbance.

Indirect Injury of the Optic Nerve

Neurosurgery ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 756-764 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lanning B. Kline ◽  
Richard B. Morawetz ◽  
Swaid N. Swaid
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Nerve Injury ◽  
Optic Nerve Injury ◽  
Altered Level ◽  
Level Of Consciousness ◽  
Operative Indications ◽  
Indirect Injury ◽  
Closed Head Trauma ◽  
Clinician Assessment

Abstract Visual loss due to optic nerve injury after closed head trauma constitutes a formidable diagnostic and therapeutic challenge for the clinician. Assessment must be made of the site of optic nerve injury, and this is often difficult in the patient with an altered level of consciousness. A decision regarding optic nerve decompression must be formulated, yet the literature is confusing with regard to operative indications. In reviewing current pathogenetic theories, clinicopathological data, and therapeutic options, this report attempts to clarify the role of surgical intervention in indirect optic nerve injury.

scholarly journals Choroidal microvasculature dropout is spatially associated with optic nerve head microvasculature loss in open-angle glaucoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Kyung Song ◽  
Joong Won Shin ◽  
Jin Yeong Lee ◽  
Ji Wook Hong ◽  
Michael S. Kook
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Optic Nerve Head ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Spatial Relationship ◽  
Vascular Supply ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Angular Extent ◽  
Choroidal Vessels

AbstractThe presence of parapapillary choroidal microvasculature dropout (CMvD) may affect optic nerve head (ONH) perfusion in glaucoma patients, since parapapillary choroidal vessels provide vascular supply to the neighboring ONH. However, it remains to be determined whether the presence of parapapillary CMvD is associated with diminished perfusion in the nearby ONH. The present study investigated the spatial relationship between CMvD and ONH vessel density (ONH-VD) loss in open-angle glaucoma (OAG) eyes using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A). This study included 48 OAG eyes with a single localized CMvD confined to the inferotemporal parapapillary sector and 48 OAG eyes without CMvD, matched for demographic and ocular characteristics. Global and regional ONH-VD values were compared between eyes with and without CMvD. The relationships between ONH-VD outcomes and clinical variables were assessed. ONH-VDs at the inferotemporal ONH sectors corresponding to the CMvD location were significantly lower in eyes with compared to those without CMvD. Multivariable linear regression analyses indicated that a lower inferotemporal ONH-VD was independently associated with CMvD presence and a greater CMvD angular extent (both P < 0.05). The localized presence of parapapillary CMvD in OAG eyes is significantly associated with ONH-VD loss in the neighboring ONH location, with a spatial correlation.

scholarly journals Coloboma of the Optic Nerve Head in Benbal Tiger Kittens (Panthera tigris tigris)

1985 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 136-139
Author(s):  
H. H. Dietz ◽  
E. Eriksen ◽  
O. A. Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Optic Nerve Head ◽  
Panthera Tigris ◽  
Panthera Tigris Tigris

scholarly journals Blue light blind-spot stimulation upregulates b-wave and pattern ERG activity in myopes

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Amorim-de-Sousa ◽  
Tim Schilling ◽  
Paulo Fernandes ◽  
Yeshwanth Seshadri ◽  
Hamed Bahmani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Blue Light ◽  
Optic Nerve Head ◽  
Plexiform Layer ◽  
Pattern Electroretinogram ◽  
Blind Spot ◽  
Inner Plexiform Layer ◽  
Pattern Erg ◽  
Myopia Progression

AbstractUpregulation of retinal dopaminergic activity may be a target treatment for myopia progression. This study aimed to explore the viability of inducing changes in retinal electrical activity with short-wavelength light targeting melanopsin-expressing retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) passing through the optic nerve head. Fifteen healthy non-myopic or myopic young adults were recruited and underwent stimulation with blue light using a virtual reality headset device. Amplitudes and implicit times from photopic 3.0 b-wave and pattern electroretinogram (PERG) were measured at baseline and 10 and 20 min after stimulation. Relative changes were compared between non-myopes and myopes. The ERG b-wave amplitude was significantly larger 20 min after blind-spot stimulation compared to baseline (p < 0.001) and 10 min (p < 0.001) post-stimulation. PERG amplitude P50-N95 also showed a significant main effect for ‘Time after stimulation’ (p < 0.050). Implicit times showed no differences following blind-spot stimulation. PERG and b-wave changes after blind-spot stimulation were stronger in myopes than non-myopes. It is possible to induce significant changes in retinal electrical activity by stimulating ipRGCs axons at the optic nerve head with blue light. The results suggest that the changes in retinal electrical activity are located at the inner plexiform layer and are likely to involve the dopaminergic system.

scholarly journals Large-scale machine learning-based phenotyping significantly improves genomic discovery for optic nerve head morphology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Babak Alipanahi ◽  
Farhad Hormozdiari ◽  
Babak Behsaz ◽  
Justin Cosentino ◽  
Zachary R. McCaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Optic Nerve Head ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Head Morphology

Blind Source Separation of Retinal Pulsatile Patterns in Optic Nerve Head Video-Recordings

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Ivana Labounkova ◽  
Rene Labounek ◽  
Igor Nestrasil ◽  
Jan Odstrcilik ◽  
Ralf P. Tornow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Blind Source Separation ◽  
Optic Nerve Head ◽  
Source Separation ◽  
Video Recordings

scholarly journals Astrocyte responses to experimental glaucoma in mouse optic nerve head

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. e0238104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Quillen ◽  
Julie Schaub ◽  
Harry Quigley ◽  
Mary Pease ◽  
Arina Korneva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Optic Nerve Head ◽  
Experimental Glaucoma
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