scholarly journals Demographics and Pharmacotherapy in Neurocysticercosis: A hospital Based Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-12
Author(s):  
Resha Shrestha ◽  
Pranaya Shrestha ◽  
Pravesh Rajbhandari ◽  
Samir Acharya ◽  
Avinash Chandra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Taenia Solium ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Focal Seizure ◽  
Neglected Tropical Disease ◽  
South East Asia ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Larval Form ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Single Lesion ◽  
Secondary Generalization

Introduction: Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is one of the commonest preventable cause of seizure. It is due to development of the larval form of Taenia solium. This disease is endemic in south east Asia including Nepal and has been considered as one of the neglected tropical disease. Methods: All the patients who came to Neurosurgical outpatient department (OPD) of Annapurna Neurological Institute and Allied Sciences (ANIAS) with the diagnosis of NCC with seizure during the study time frame were included in the study. The time frame of the study was January 1st 2017 till December 31st 2018. Results: There were 167 total cases of which 108 (64.7%) were male and 59 (35.3%) were female. Mean age was 27.9 years (SD 13.1 years, range 1 year to 66 years). Frequency of patients were in the age group 20-30 years followed by 10-20 years. In terms of number of lesions, 86% of the patients had single lesion while 14% had multiple lesionsMaximum number of cases had focal seizure with secondary generalization (46%). This was followed by focal seizure (28%). Most common antiepileptics was carbamazepine (51.5%).Mean duration of antiepileptics was 2.5 years (SD 1.47, Range 9 months to 6 years) and recurrence was noted in 7.78% of cases. Conclusion: NCC affects the productive age group with higher proportion being male patient. Single lesion is more prevalent. Proper measures for treatment and prevention of neurocysticercosis is essential and can lead to better control of this condition.

scholarly journals Childhood Neurocysticersosis: A Rural Teaching Hospital Experience

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-71
Author(s):  
Arjun Sakha Bhalla ◽  
Baljeet Maini ◽  
Bablu Kumar Gaur
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Taenia Solium ◽  
Lower Class ◽  
Stage Ii ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Multiple Lesions ◽  
Serological Data ◽  
Single Lesion

Introduction: Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is caused by the larval stage of Taenia Solium. Neurocysticercosis is the most common cause of acquired epilepsy in developing countries. In India NCC has been identified as a significant cause of seizures. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted on 150 children of NCC up to 18 years of age in a tertiary care hospital. The diagnosis was based on clinical and laboratory/ radiological evaluation of the patients. Socio-clinical, radiological and serological data of the patients were analysed. Results: A total of 150 children were enrolled in this study. The commonest age group of the cases in this study was six to 10 years. Male to female ratio was 1.8:1. The largest percentage of cases belonged to upper lower class (56%) and lowest was 4% in upper class. Sixty percent subjects were non vegetarian. Seizures were the most common presentation (96%). Headache was present in 44% cases. Single lesion was commonest type of lesion on radiological examination with frontal cortex as most commonly involved area of brain. Stage II NCC was commonest type of lesion on MRI. EEG was abnormal in 38% cases. Serum ELISA for cysticercosis was positive in 10% cases. Number of lesions was not associated with age group, type of seizure or any particular area of brain. Conclusion: Stage II NCC the commonest type of NCC. Single lesion NCC was more common than multiple lesions. All cases with atypical presentation and positive ELISA had multiple lesions. Frontal portion of cortex was most commonly involved.

scholarly journals Multiple Parenchymal Neurocysticercosis: A Case Report

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
I KC ◽  
KJ Rana ◽  
R Joshi ◽  
A Mandal ◽  
S Bhhatarai
Keyword(s):  
Rare Case ◽  
Taenia Solium ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Brain Parenchyma ◽  
Larval Form ◽  
Cns Involvement ◽  
Huge Number ◽  
Adult Tapeworm ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Multiple Cysts

Cysticercosis is a parasitic infection with CNS involvement in 60-90% of infested patients. The larval form of pork intestinal tapeworm (Taenia solium) is responsible for cysticercosis. Humans are the definitive hosts and usually harbor the adult tapeworm in small intestine as an asymptomatic infestation. Neurocysticercosis most commonly affects the brain parenchyma. Solitary and multiple cysts in brain parencyma is common but we came across a 24 year old lady patient with huge number of cysts which is relatively rare. The aim of this article is to report the rare case. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/mjsbh.v10i1.6450 Medical Journal of Shree Birendra Hospital Jan-June 2011 10(1) 44-45

scholarly journals It’s Even Here! Two Rare Cases of Pyriformis Myocysticercus

2016 ◽  
Vol 55 (203) ◽  
pp. 29-32
Author(s):  
Mahesh Prakash ◽  
Pankaj Gupta ◽  
Ajay Gulati ◽  
Niranjan Khandelwal
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Taenia Solium ◽  
Central Nervous System Involvement ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Larval Form ◽  
Keywords Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Dramatic Form

Cysticercus, the larval form of Taenia Solium, a tapeworm, can infest various tissues in the human body. Though central nervous system involvement is the most dramatic form of infestation, several other uncommon sites of has been reported in the literature. One such involvement is that of the musculature. The most easily recalled manifestation of myocysticercus is that in the orbit where the patients present with painful proptosis. However, other less common muscular sites of involvement are documented in case reports. To the best of our knowledge, there are no documented cases of pyriformis muscle infestation with cysticercus. We came across two interesting cases, where imaging established the diagnosis of isolated pyriformis cysticercosis. Follow up after one month of anti-elminthic treatment imaging revealed disappearance of the lesions. Keywords: magnetic resonance imaging,myocysticercosis; pyriformis; ultrasound. | PubMed

scholarly journals Potential Applications for Annona squamosa Leaf Extract in the Treatment and Prevention of Foodborne Bacterial Disease

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1300800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Achara Dholvitayakhun ◽  
Nathanon Trachoo ◽  
Uthai Sakee ◽  
T.P. Tim Cushnie
Keyword(s):  
Bactericidal Activity ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Bacterial Disease ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Annona Squamosa ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Heat Labile ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Time Kill

Foodborne disease is a major public health problem. The present study examined Annona squamosa leaves, which are traditionally used to treat diarrhea and other infections, for their potential to be used in modern food safety or medicine. Active constituents were partially purified by ethanol extraction and column chromatography. MICs of the extract were 62.5 to 125 μg/mL against Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus, and 250 μg/mL against Campylobacter jejuni. In time-kill assays, 500 μg/mL of the extract reduced colony forming unit numbers of C. jejuni almost 10 000-fold within 12 hours. Similar decreases were seen against B. cereus, but over a longer time-frame. LC-MS analysis indicated the presence of reticuline and oxophoebine. Assessment of stability by MIC assay showed activity was heat-labile, with loss of activity greatest following high temperature treatments. Activity was relatively stable at refrigeration temperature. These results indicate A. squamosa has broad-spectrum but heat-labile activity against foodborne bacterial pathogens, and bactericidal activity against B. cereus and C. jejuni. This bactericidal activity is not sufficiently rapid for A. squamosa to be used as a food sanitizer, but the extract could potentially be developed as an additive for refrigerated foods, or a modern treatment for foodborne illness.

scholarly journals An Unusual case of neurocysticercosis leading to blindness in a young Indian male

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-76
Author(s):  
Meenakshi Wadhwani ◽  
Ananya Panda ◽  
Rajpal Vohra ◽  
Achal Kumar Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Intermediate Host ◽  
Unusual Case ◽  
Obstructive Hydrocephalus ◽  
Taenia Solium ◽  
Larval Form ◽  
Endemic Disease ◽  
Neurological Signs ◽  
Indian Male

Neurocysticercosis is an endemic disease in India. It is caused by infection from the larval form of Taenia solium and humans serve as the intermediate host. Its diverse manifestations include seizures, headaches, focal neurological signs. Obstructive hydrocephalus, with its potential for death is the most disastrous complication. We hereby report a case of 24 year old boy presenting with blindness without hydrocephalus.

Cysticercosis of the oral cavity: an often misdiagnosed entity

2007 ◽  
Vol 122 (9) ◽  
pp. 1005-1007 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Subramanian ◽  
S Krishnaraj ◽  
K Agrawal ◽  
J Soundararagavan
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Taenia Solium ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Oral Manifestations ◽  
Lower Lip ◽  
Soft Tissue Swelling ◽  
Single Lesion

AbstractWe present a case report of a single lesion of cysticercosis cellulosae, a parasitic infection caused by the larval stage of Taenia solium (pork tapeworm), presenting as a soft tissue swelling of the lower lip. We stress the importance of knowledge about oral manifestations of parasitic infections.

scholarly journals Big Data Analysis of Pulmonary Embolism in Greece

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis Ch Lampropoulos ◽  
Dimitrios G Raptis ◽  
Zoe Daniil ◽  
Sotirios K Tasoulis ◽  
Vassilis P Plagianakos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Age Group ◽  
The Public ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Population Prevalence ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Health Service Organization

Abstract Background: Pulmonary embolism (PE) epidemiological data are unclear considering the disease prevalence in the general population. The present study aims to investigate the prevalence of PE at the Greek population and the associated trends for the years 2013-2017. Methods: Data on prescriptions for PE in the years 2013-2017 were provided by the Greek National Health Service Organization (EOPYY). Data on age, gender, specialty of the prescribing physician and prescription unit were provided as well. Results: The total number of prescriptions for PE for the study period was 101.426. Of the total prescriptions, 51% were issued by the Public Sector, while 48% by the Private Sector. In 2013 the prevalence of PE was 5.43 cases per 100.000 citizens and increased constantly until 2017 with 23.79 cases per 100.000 population. Prevalence is higher in all years studied in the age group 70-80 with 69.35 cases per 100.000 population for the year 2017 followed by the ages 80-90 (60.58/100.000) and 60-70 (56.47/100.000) for the same year. Females display higher PE prevalence than males and higher increasing trend.Conclusion: PE prevalence displays an increasing trend throughout the years while female prevalence is higher than males with a higher increasing trend. Our results may be used to appropriately organize nationwide health care systems aiming at the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of PE.

scholarly journals Rapid Detection of Cysticercus cellulosae by an Up-Converting Phosphor Technology-Based Lateral-Flow Assay

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dejia Zhang ◽  
Yu Qi ◽  
Yaxuan Cui ◽  
Weiyi Song ◽  
Xinrui Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Small Volume ◽  
Taenia Solium ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Lateral Flow ◽  
Neglected Tropical Disease ◽  
Porcine Cysticercosis ◽  
Cysticercus Cellulosae ◽  
Higher Sensitivity

Cysticercosis is a neglected tropical disease caused by the larvae of Taenia solium in pigs and humans. The current diagnosis of porcine cysticercosis is difficult, and traditional pathological tests cannot meet the needs of detection. This study established a UPT-LF assay for the detection of Cysticercus cellulosae. UCP particles were bound to two antigens, TSOL18 and GP50; samples were captured, and the signal from the UCP particles was converted into a detectable signal for analysis using a biosensor. Compared to ELISA, UPT-LF has higher sensitivity and specificity, with a sensitivity of 93.59% and 97.44%, respectively, in the case of TSOL18 and GP50 antigens and a specificity of 100% for both. Given its rapidness, small volume, high sensitivity and specificity, and good stability and reproducibility, this method could be used in the diagnosis of cysticercosis.

scholarly journals One-year prospective study of pediatric cutaneous leishmaniasis: a neglected tropical disease in sub Himalayan region, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1546
Author(s):  
Pancham Kumar ◽  
Ashok Garg ◽  
Sandhya Kumari ◽  
Ajeet Negi ◽  
G. R. Tegta
Keyword(s):  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Himachal Pradesh ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Record Keeping ◽  
One Year ◽  
Single Lesion ◽  
Satluj Valley

Background: Satluj Valley of Himachal Pradesh is a newly identified focus of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) and here disease is still in emerging phase. Although children are most commonly affected victims by CL but till date no such study has been done on childhood CL in this region.Methods: All newly diagnosed cases of CL were registered and detailed clinico-epidemiological parameters of children between 0-18 years were recorded. Imprint smears for LD bodies and biopsies for histopathology were done in atypical cases to confirm clinical diagnosis.Results: Over a period of one year 337 cases of CL were registered, out of them 115 children (0-18 years) were enrolled for this study. School going (6-18 years) population was predominantly affected age group. Males outnumbered the females with a ratio of 1.88. Face was most commonly affected site and most (65.21%) cases presented with single lesion. Nodules (40.87%), plaques (24.35%) and papules (7.39%) were commonly observed morphologies although mixed patterns and atypical forms were also found. Most (62.60%) cases presented within 1-3 months of lesion onset. All cases responded well to treatment with antimonials. Lesional pain, swelling, bleeding, pigmentation and scarring were minor post treatment side effects.Conclusions: Pediatric CL is an emerging infection along the Satluj valley of Himachal Pradesh (HP). Although clinical diagnosis is simple, and all cases respond well to antimonials. But, availability of diagnostic tests is essential to diagnose atypical cases. Further annual record keeping, and reporting is recommended to know the exact disease burden so as to promote the effective treatment and preventive measures.

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