Postmenopausal breast cancer and occupational exposure to chemicals

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 642-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia Videnros ◽  
Jenny Selander ◽  
Pernilla Wiebert ◽  
Maria Albin ◽  
Nils Plato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Postmenopausal Breast Cancer

scholarly journals O6A.4 Risk of postmenopausal breast cancer and occupational exposure to chemicals in swedish women

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. A51.3-A52
Author(s):  
Per Gustavsson ◽  
Cecilia Videnros ◽  
Pernilla Wiebert ◽  
Nils Plato ◽  
Signe Borgquist ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Breast Cancer Risk ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Diesel Exhaust ◽  
Postmenopausal Breast Cancer ◽  
Elevated Risk ◽  
Unexpected Finding ◽  
Increased Risk

Earlier studies have led to a hypothesis of an increased risk of breast cancer after exposure to organic solvents. This study aimed to investigate if exposure to various chemicals in the workplace was associated with an increased risk of breast cancer.The study comprised 14 119 women born 1923–1950 and living in Malmö city, Sweden, who were enrolled for a prospective population cohort study between 1991 and 1996. Oc cupational exposure to various chemicals was assessed from a job-exposure matrix. Individual data on other breast cancer risk factors (age, parity, age at first pregnancy, breastfeeding, hormonal replacement therapy, physical activity, alcohol consumption, height and BMI) were collected at baseline and used for confounding control. Diagnoses of invasive breast cancer were obtained from the Swedish Cancer Registry until end of follow-up at 2013–12–31.Women exposed to any type of chemical (organic solvents, pesticides, fumes or oil mist) for more than 10 years (66 cases) showed an increased adjusted breast cancer risk, HR=1.43, (95% CI 1.10–1.85), and the risk correlated „positively with duration of exposure. Investigation of risk in association with organic solvents showed a small and non-significantly elevated risk after >10 years of exposure, HR=1.18 (95% CI 0.81–1.71). The risk tended to be higher, but not significantly elevated, after >10 year of exposure than after 1–10 years of exposure for most of the studied chemicals. More than 10 years of exposure to diesel exhaust was associated with an increased risk (adjusted HR=1.69, 95% CI 1.01–2.82).Occupational exposure to chemicals in general was associated with an elevated risk of postmenopausal breast cancer, but the study gives no firm support for the hypothesis of an association with exposure to organic solvents. An elevated risk after >10 years of exposure to diesel exhaust was an unexpected finding that needs to be investigated further.

Aromatase Inhibitors for the Treatment of Breast Cancer: A Journey from the Scratch

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (17) ◽  
pp. 1994-2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pooja Ratre ◽  
Keerti Mishra ◽  
Amit Dubey ◽  
Amber Vyas ◽  
Akhlesh Jain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Estrogen Receptor ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Aromatase Inhibitors ◽  
3D Structure ◽  
Postmenopausal Breast Cancer ◽  
Breast Cancer Treatment ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Breast Cancer Chemotherapy

Background: Estrogens are essential for the growth of breast cancer in the case of premenopausal as well as in postmenopausal women. However, most of the breast cancer incidences are reported in postmenopausal women and the concurrent risk surges with an increase in age. Since the enzyme aromatase catalyses essential steps in estrogen biosynthesis, Aromatase Inhibitors (AIs) are effective targeted therapy in patients with Estrogen Receptor positive (ER+) breast cancer. AIs are more effective than Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs) because they block both the genomic and nongenomic activities of ER. Till date, first, second and third-generation AIs have been approved by the FDA. The third-generation AIs, viz. Letrozole, Anastrozole, Exemestane, are currently used in the standard treatment for postmenopausal breast cancer. Methods: Data were collected from Medline, PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct through searching of keywords: ‘aromatase’, ‘aromatase inhibitors’, ‘breast cancer’, ‘steroidal aromatase inhibitors’, ‘non-steroidal inhibitors’ and ‘generations of aromatase inhibitors’. Results: In the current scenario of breast cancer chemotherapy, AIs are the most widely used agents which reveal optimum efficacy along with the least side effects. Keeping in view the prominence of AIs in breast cancer therapy, this review covered the detailed description of aromatase including its role in the biosynthesis of estrogen, biochemistry, gene expression, 3D-structure, and information of reported AIs along with their role in breast cancer treatment. Conclusion: AIs are the mainstream solution of the ER+ breast cancer treatment regimen with the continuous improvement of human understanding of the importance of a healthy life of women suffering from breast cancer.

scholarly journals A Novel Automated Immunoassay Platform to Evaluate the Association of Adiponectin and Leptin Levels with Breast Cancer Risk

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 3303
Author(s):  
Debora Macis ◽  
Valentina Aristarco ◽  
Harriet Johansson ◽  
Aliana Guerrieri-Gonzaga ◽  
Sara Raimondi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Breast Cancer Risk ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Cox Model ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Postmenopausal Breast Cancer ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Baseline Serum ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Disease Free

Adiponectin and leptin are adipokines secreted by the adipose tissue that are associated with several chronic diseases including cancer. We aimed to compare the immunoassay platform ELLA with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit and to assess whether the results of the association analyses with breast cancer risk were dependent on the assay used. We measured adiponectin and leptin with ELLA and ELISA on baseline serum samples of 116 Italian postmenopausal women enrolled in two international breast cancer prevention trials. Results were compared with Deming, Passing–Bablok regression and Bland–Altman plots. Disease-free survival was analyzed with the Cox model. There was a good correlation between the methods for adiponectin and leptin (r > 0.96). We found an increased breast cancer risk for very low adiponectin levels (HR for ELLA = 3.75; 95% CI: 1.37;10.25, p = 0.01), whereas no significant association was found for leptin levels. The disease-free survival curves were almost identical for values obtained with the two methods, for both biomarkers. The ELLA platform showed a good concordance with ELISA for adiponectin and leptin measurements. Our results support the association of very low adiponectin levels with postmenopausal breast cancer risk, irrespective of the method used. The ELLA platform is a time-saving system with high reproducibility, therefore we recommend its use for biomarker assessment.

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