scholarly journals Optimal Site and Size of Distributed Generator in Distribution Network Considering Active Power Loss Minimization

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (02) ◽  
pp. 11-20
Author(s):  
Aamir Ali ◽  
M. Usman Keerio ◽  
Noor Hussain Mugheri ◽  
Munawar Ayaz Memon ◽  
Erum Pathan
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Optimal Choice ◽  
Optimal Decision ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Power Losses ◽  
Optimal Site

Distributed Generation (DG) allocation in distribution network is an optimal choice in maximizing benefits and reducing power losses. In this paper, self-adaptive differential evolution (SaDE), an optimization approach, is used for optimal site and capacity of DG. Different types of DGs such as solar PV and wind turbine (WT) at constant and near unity power factor are integrated into the distribution system. For validation of the proposed algorithm, IEEE 33-bus, 69-bus and 119-bus radial distribution networks are considered. The results show that the proposed algorithm has the ability to find global minimum value of objective function along with the appropriate site and capacity of solar PV and WT type DG. Moreover, the results of proposed method are compared with other existing techniques in order to show its effectiveness. The comparison shows that the proposed technique has the ability to get the lowest power losses with the smallest DG size. Thus, the proposed technique has the ability to find an optimal decision vector that makes it suitable for real-time applications.

scholarly journals Optimal Site and Size of Distributed Generator in Distribution Network Considering Active Power Loss Minimization

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (02) ◽  
pp. 11-20
Author(s):  
Aamir Ali ◽  
M. Usman Keerio ◽  
Noor Hussain Mugheri ◽  
Munawar Ayaz Memon ◽  
Erum Pathan
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Optimal Choice ◽  
Optimal Decision ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Power Losses ◽  
Optimal Site

Distributed Generation (DG) allocation in distribution network is an optimal choice in maximizing benefits and reducing power losses. In this paper, self-adaptive differential evolution (SaDE), an optimization approach, is used for optimal site and capacity of DG. Different types of DGs such as solar PV and wind turbine (WT) at constant and near unity power factor are integrated into the distribution system. For validation of the proposed algorithm, IEEE 33-bus, 69-bus and 119-bus radial distribution networks are considered. The results show that the proposed algorithm has the ability to find global minimum value of objective function along with the appropriate site and capacity of solar PV and WT type DG. Moreover, the results of proposed method are compared with other existing techniques in order to show its effectiveness. The comparison shows that the proposed technique has the ability to get the lowest power losses with the smallest DG size. Thus, the proposed technique has the ability to find an optimal decision vector that makes it suitable for real-time applications.

scholarly journals Optimal DG Unit Placement and Sizing in Radial Distribution Network for Power Loss Minimization and Voltage Stability Enhancement

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-169
Author(s):  
Benalia M'hamdi ◽  
Madjid Teguar ◽  
Benaissa Tahar
Keyword(s):  
Power Factor ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Voltage Stability ◽  
Optimal Allocation ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Optimal Size ◽  
Power Losses ◽  
Vector Method

The optimal allocation and size of decentralized generating units are essential to minimize power losses, while meeting the demand for active and reactive power in a distribution system. In other words, most of the total energy produced can be efficiently exploited by end users. In addition, if the DGs are of optimal size and location in the distribution system, the reliability, stability and efficiency of the power system are guaranteed. This paper focuses on reducing power losses and improving the voltage profile by accurately identifying the optimal location and sizing of Distributed Generation based on three indexes, namely the IVM Index Vector Method, the VDI Voltage Deviation Index and the VSI Voltage Stability Index. Two types of DGs were considered for the analysis: DGs operating with unit power factor and DGs operating with a lagging power factor. Three optimization algorithms are applied to determine the optimal sizes of decentralized generation units in a power distribution network which are GWO, WOA and PSO. The results obtained in this article show that the three algorithms give very similar values. DG at lagging power factor gives better results compared with those obtained with DGs at unity power factor. In terms of loss reduction and minimum bus voltage, the best results are obtained for the VSI index with a DG at a power factor of 0.9.

scholarly journals Optimisasi Multi-objektif pada Rekonfigurasi Jaringan Distribusi Tenaga Listrik dengan Integrasi Pembangkit Terdistribusi Menggunakan Metode Sistem Kekebalan Buatan

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-71
Author(s):  
Ramadoni Syahputra ◽  
Indah Soesanti
Keyword(s):  
Network Optimization ◽  
Load Balance ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Network Reconfiguration ◽  
Multi Objective Optimization ◽  
Power Losses ◽  
Multi Objective

This study proposes a multi-objective optimization for power distribution network reconfiguration by integrating distributed generators using an artificial immune system (AIS) method. The most effective and inexpensive technique in reducing power losses in distribution networks is optimizing the network reconfiguration. On the other hand, small to medium scale renewable energy power plant applications are growing rapidly. These power plants are operated on-grid to a distribution network, known as distributed generation (DG). The presence of DG in this distribution network poses new challenges in distribution network operations. In this study, the distribution network optimization was carried out using the AIS method. In optimization, the goal to be achieved is not only one objective but should be multiple objectives. Multi-objective optimization aims to reduce power losses, improve the voltage profile, and maintain a maintained network load balance. The AIS method has the advantage of fast convergence and avoids local minima. To test the superiority of the AIS method, the distribution network optimization with and without DG integration was carried out for the 33-bus and 71-bus models of the IEEE standard distribution networks. The results show that the AIS method can produce better system operating conditions than before the optimization. The parameters for the success of the optimization are minimal active power losses, suitable voltage profiles, and maintained load balance. This optimization has successfully increased the efficiency of the distribution network by an average of 0.61%.

scholarly journals A Novel Analytical Approach for Optimal Placement and Sizing of Distributed Generations in Radial Electrical Energy Distribution Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 10224
Author(s):  
Sasan Azad ◽  
Mohammad Mehdi Amiri ◽  
Morteza Nazari Heris ◽  
Ali Mosallanejad ◽  
Mohammad Taghi Ameli
Keyword(s):  
Radial Distribution ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Voltage Stability ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Active Power ◽  
Optimal Placement ◽  
Power Losses ◽  
Active Power Losses

Considering the strong influence of distributed generation (DG) in electric distribution systems and its impact on network voltage losses and stability, a new challenge has appeared for such systems. In this study, a novel analytical algorithm is proposed to distinguish the optimal location and size of DGs in radial distribution networks based on a new combined index (CI) to reduce active power losses and improve system voltage profiles. To obtain the CI, active power losses and voltage stability indexes were used in the proposed approach. The CI index with sensitivity analysis was effective in decreasing power losses and improving voltage stability. Optimal DG size was determined based on a search algorithm to reduce active power losses. The considered scheme was examined through IEEE 12-bus and 33-bus radial distribution test systems (RDTS), and the obtained results were compared and validated in comparison with other available methods. The results and analysis verified the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in reducing power losses and improving the distribution system voltage profiles by determining the appropriate location and optimal DG size. In IEEE 12 and 33 bus networks, the minimum voltage increased from 0.9434 p.u and 0.9039 p.u to 0.9907 p.u and 0.9402 p.u, respectively. Additionally, the annual cost of energy losses decreased by 78.23% and 64.37%, respectively.

scholarly journals Minimization of Network Power Losses in the AC-DC Hybrid Distribution Network through Network Reconfiguration Using Soft Open Point

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 326
Author(s):  
Muhammad Omer Khan ◽  
Abdul Wadood ◽  
Muhammad Irfan Abid ◽  
Tahir Khurshaid ◽  
Sang Bong Rhee
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Network Reconfiguration ◽  
Power Losses ◽  
Network Configuration ◽  
Hybrid Distribution ◽  
Open Point ◽  
Network Power

The Alternating Current-Direct Current (AC-DC) hybrid distribution network has received attention in recent years. Due to advancement in technologies such as the integration of renewable energy resources of DC–type output and usage of DC loads in the distribution network, the modern distribution system can meet the increasing energy demand with improved efficiency. In this paper, a new AC-DC hybrid distribution network architecture is analyzed that considers distributed energy resources (DER) in the network. A network reconfiguration scheme is proposed that uses the AC soft open point (AC-SOP) and the DC soft open point (DC-SOP) along with an SOP selection algorithm for minimizing the network power losses. Subsequently, the real-time data for DER and load/demand variation are considered for a day-a-head scenario for the verification of the effectiveness of the network reconfiguration scheme. The results show that the proposed network reconfiguration scheme using AC-SOP and DC-SOP can successfully minimize the network power losses by modifying the network configuration. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed scheme in minimizing the network power losses by the upgraded network configuration is verified by constructing an AC-DC hybrid distribution network by combining two IEEE 33-bus distribution networks.

scholarly journals Power losses evaluation in low voltage distribution network: a case study of 250 kVA, 11/0.416 kV substation

2022 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Emad Hussen Sadiq ◽  
Rakan Khalil Antar ◽  
Safer Taib Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
System Capacity ◽  
Power Losses ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
The Right ◽  
A Current

Nowadays, the electrical system is more complicated duet to the continuous growing. Power losses is the biggest challenges for distribution network operators. There are several causes for technical losses. Losses caused by unbalanced phase current are one of the main reasons which can be minimized by small investment through dedicating a technical line staff. As a result of connecting many single loads to three phase four wire power supplies, the current flowing in each phase will be unequal and accordingly there will be a current flowing in the neutral wire. Unbalancing currents in phases can lead to increase the conductor temperature and accordingly the conductor resistance is higher which contribute to increase the power losses. Loss reduction can lead to enormous utility saving. Besides, it increases system capacity and save more money which can be used later for future planted system. This study concentrated on the amount of copper losses in distribution networks as a result of unequal loading of the three phases four wires network. The distribution network is more efficient and more economic assuming that the right procedure is applied to balance the distribution system and achieve the required calculations which require a little investment.

scholarly journals Probabilistic Load Flow–Based Optimal Placement and Sizing of Distributed Generators

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (23) ◽  
pp. 7857
Author(s):  
Ferdous Al Hossain ◽  
Md. Rokonuzzaman ◽  
Nowshad Amin ◽  
Jianmin Zhang ◽  
Mahmuda Khatun Mishu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Load Flow ◽  
Optimal Placement ◽  
Power Losses ◽  
Power Distribution System ◽  
Power Load ◽  
Point Estimation Method

Distributed generation (DG) is gaining importance as electrical energy demand increases. DG is used to decrease power losses, operating costs, and improve voltage stability. Most DG resources have less environmental impact. In a particular region, the sizing and location of DG resources significantly affect the planned DG integrated distribution network (DN). The voltage profiles of the DN will change or even become excessively increased. An enormous DG active power, inserted into an improper node of the distribution network, may bring a larger current greater than the conductor’s maximum value, resulting in an overcurrent distribution network. Therefore, DG sizing and DG location optimization is required for a systematic DG operation to fully exploit distributed energy and achieve mutual energy harmony across existing distribution networks, which creates an economically viable, secure, stable, and dependable power distribution system. DG needs to access the location and capacity for rational planning. The objective function of this paper is to minimize the sum of investment cost, operation cost, and line loss cost utilizing DG access. The probabilistic power flow calculation technique based on the two-point estimation method is chosen for this paper’s load flow computation. The location and size of the DG distribution network are determined using a genetic algorithm in a MATLAB environment. For the optimum solution, the actual power load is estimated using historical data. The proposed system is based on the China distribution system, and the currency is used in Yuan. After DG access, active and reactive power losses are reduced by 53% and 26%, respectively. The line operating cost and the total annual cost are decreased by 53.7% and 12%, respectively.

scholarly journals Rooftop Solar PV Penetration Impacts on Distribution Network and Further Growth Factors—A Comprehensive Review

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Busra Uzum ◽  
Ahmet Onen ◽  
Hany M. Hasanien ◽  
S. M. Muyeen
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Power Quality ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
System Stability ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Voltage Quality ◽  
Solution Methods ◽  
Pv Penetration

In order to meet the electricity needs of domestic or commercial buildings, solar energy is more attractive than other renewable energy sources in terms of its simplicity of installation, less dependence on the field and its economy. It is possible to extract solar energy from photovoltaic (PV) including rooftop, ground-mounted, and building integrated PV systems. Interest in rooftop PV system applications has increased in recent years due to simple installation and not occupying an external area. However, the negative effects of increased PV penetration on the distribution system are troublesome. The power loss, reverse power flow (RPF), voltage fluctuations, voltage unbalance, are causing voltage quality problems in the power network. On the other hand, variations in system frequency, power factor, and harmonics are affecting the power quality. The excessive PV penetration also the root cause of voltage stability and has an adverse effect on protection system. The aim of this article is to extensively examines the impacts of rooftop PV on distribution network and evaluate possible solution methods in terms of the voltage quality, power quality, system protection and system stability. Moreover, it is to present a comparison of the advantages/disadvantages of the solution methods discussed, and an examination of the solution methods in which artificial intelligence, deep learning and machine learning based optimization and techniques are discussed with common methods.

scholarly journals Configurations of Aromatic Networks for Power Distribution System

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 4317
Author(s):  
K. Prakash ◽  
F. R. Islam ◽  
K. A. Mamun ◽  
H. R. Pota
Keyword(s):  
Power Distribution ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Smart Grids ◽  
Sustainable Energy ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Power Distribution System ◽  
Improve Energy Efficiency

A distribution network is one of the main parts of a power system that distributes power to customers. While there are various types of power distribution networks, a recently introduced novel structure of an aromatic network could begin a new era in the distribution levels of power systems and designs of microgrids or smart grids. In order to minimize blackout periods during natural disasters and provide sustainable energy, improve energy efficiency and maintain stability of a distribution network, it is essential to configure/reconfigure the network topology based on its geographical location and power demand, and also important to realize its self-healing function. In this paper, a strategy for reconfiguring aromatic networks based on structures of natural aromatic molecules is explained. Various network structures are designed, and simulations have been conducted to justify the performance of each configuration. It is found that an aromatic network does not need to be fixed in a specific configuration (i.e., a DDT structure), which provides flexibility in designing networks and demonstrates that the successful use of such structures will be a perfect solution for both distribution networks and microgrid systems in providing sustainable energy to the end users.

Efficient Reduction in the Annual Investment Costs in AC Distribution Networks via Optimal Integration of Solar PV Sources Using the Newton Metaheuristic Algorithm

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 11525
Author(s):  
Oscar Danilo Montoya ◽  
Luis Fernando Grisales-Noreña ◽  
Lázaro Alvarado-Barrios ◽  
Andres Arias-Londoño ◽  
Cesar Álvarez-Arroyo
Keyword(s):  
Power Flow ◽  
Fitness Function ◽  
Solution Space ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Optimal Placement ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Flow Method ◽  
Power Flow Method

This research addresses the problem of the optimal placement and sizing of (PV) sources in medium voltage distribution grids through the application of the recently developed Newton metaheuristic optimization algorithm (NMA). The studied problem is formulated through a mixed-integer nonlinear programming model where the binary variables regard the installation of a PV source in a particular node, and the continuous variables are associated with power generations as well as the voltage magnitudes and angles, among others. To improve the performance of the NMA, we propose the implementation of a discrete–continuous codification where the discrete component deals with the location problem and the continuous component works with the sizing problem of the PV sources. The main advantage of the NMA is that it works based on the first and second derivatives of the fitness function considering an evolution formula that contains its current solution (xit) and the best current solution (xbest), where the former one allows location exploitation and the latter allows the global exploration of the solution space. To evaluate the fitness function and its derivatives, the successive approximation power flow method was implemented, which became the proposed solution strategy in a master–slave optimizer, where the master stage is governed by the NMA and the slave stage corresponds to the power flow method. Numerical results in the IEEE 34- and IEEE 85-bus systems show the effectiveness of the proposed optimization approach to minimize the total annual operative costs of the network when compared to the classical Chu and Beasley genetic algorithm and the MINLP solvers available in the general algebraic modeling system with reductions of 26.89% and 27.60% for each test feeder with respect to the benchmark cases.

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