Effect of pH and Dodecylamine Concentration on the Properties of Dodecylamine Two-Phase foam

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 495-495
Author(s):  
Weimin Xie Weimin Xie ◽  
Dongsheng He Dongsheng He ◽  
Shuang Liu Shuang Liu ◽  
Fei Chen Fei Chen ◽  
Hongqiang Li Hongqiang Li
Keyword(s):  
Change Process ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Foam Stability ◽  
Solution Chemistry ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Diffusion Capacity ◽  
New Device ◽  
Foaming Property ◽  
Effects Of Ph ◽  
Foam Properties

Over-stabilized foam has always been a problem that plagues the dodecylamine (DDA) flotation system. In this study, a new device, “automatic foam analyzer”, was successfully used to characterize the behavior of foam in DDA solution. The effects of pH and DDA dosage on the foam properties were investigated from four aspects: bubble diffusion capacity, Bikerman coefficient, half-life period and solution conductivity, and the mechanism of pH and DDA concentration on foam properties was analyzed by solution chemistry and surface tension of DDA, then the change process of foam structure was deduced. The results showed that the foaming property and stability of DDA bubbles were the best at pH=8. Simultaneously, with the increase of DDA dosage, the foaming property of bubbles was enhanced, the half-life was prolonged, and the foam stability was also improved.

A Numerical Investigation of Low Salinity Polymer Flooding Effects from a Geochemical Perspective

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar Chaabi ◽  
Emad W. Al-Shalabi ◽  
Waleed Alameri
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Reactive Transport ◽  
History Matching ◽  
Solution Chemistry ◽  
Related Effect ◽  
Exchange Reactions ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
Geochemical Reactions

Abstract Low salinity polymer (LSP) flooding is getting more attention due to its potential of enhancing both displacement and sweep efficiencies. Modeling LSP flooding is challenging due to the complicated physical processes and the sensitivity of polymers to brine salinity. In this study, a coupled numerical model has been implemented to allow investigating the polymer-brine-rock geochemical interactions associated with LSP flooding along with the flow dynamics. MRST was coupled with the geochemical software IPhreeqc. The effects of polymer were captured by considering Todd-Longstaff mixing model, inaccessible pore volume, permeability reduction, polymer adsorption as well as salinity and shear rate effects on polymer viscosity. Regarding geochemistry, the presence of polymer in the aqueous phase was considered by adding a new solution specie and related chemical reactions to PHREEQC database files. Thus, allowing for modeling the geochemical interactions related to the presence of polymer. Coupling the two simulators was successfully performed, verified, and validated through several case studies. The coupled MRST-IPhreeqc simulator allows for modeling a wide variety of geochemical reactions including aqueous, mineral precipitation/dissolution, and ion exchange reactions. Capturing these reactions allows for real time tracking of the aqueous phase salinity and its effect on polymer rheological properties. The coupled simulator was verified against PHREEQC for a realistic reactive transport scenario. Furthermore, the coupled simulator was validated through history matching a single-phase LSP coreflood from the literature. This paper provides an insight into the geochemical interactions between partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) and aqueous solution chemistry (salinity and hardness), and their related effect on polymer viscosity. This work is also considered as a base for future two-phase polymer solution and oil interactions, and their related effect on oil recovery.

scholarly journals Bitumen Foaming Optimisation Process on the Basis of Rheological Properties

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1854 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Iwański ◽  
Grzegorz Mazurek ◽  
Przemysław Buczyński
Keyword(s):  
Half Life ◽  
Expansion Ratio ◽  
Fractional Factorial ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Maximum Expansion ◽  
Foaming Process ◽  
Original Apparatus ◽  
Foam Properties ◽  
Foamed Bitumen ◽  
Intended Use

This article discusses the results of bitumen foam properties optimisation with respect to three factors: air pressure, bitumen temperature and amount of water. The test materials were unmodified bitumen 50/70 and bitumen 50/70 modified with 2.5% synthetic wax. The experiment was designed according to the 3(3−1) fractional factorial design. The distribution of parameters of bitumen foam were measured with the authors’ original apparatus using a laser beam. This measurement method increased the accuracy of maximum expansion ratio (ER) and half-life (HL) estimation. Based on HL and ER results, it was found that the foaming process increased bitumen stiffness due to the dynamic ageing of the bitumen. The experimental design allows more effective control over the properties of foamed bitumen with respect to its intended use. The presence of synthetic wax extended the half-life of the bitumen foam.

Rheological and structural studies on heat-induced gelation of concentrated skim milk

1995 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsumi Tobitani ◽  
Haruyoshi Yamamoto ◽  
Toshiaki Shioya ◽  
Simon B. Ross-Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Phase Diagram ◽  
Laser Light ◽  
Skim Milk ◽  
Phase Region ◽  
Polymer Physics ◽  
Phase Behaviour ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Effects Of Ph ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Temperature Side

SUMMARYHeat-induced gelation of milk was studied using both rheological and structural techniques. The sample was a conventional skim milk, concentrated with an ultrafiltration membrane, which formed gels when heated at appropriate pH. We investigated some factors that are considered to affect the gelation, such as concentration, pH and rennet treatment. The gelation process was monitored with a high precision oscillatory shear rheometer and the structure of gels was evaluated with quasi-elastic laser light scattering. From these results the gelation and phase separation behaviour were determined. By combining the results for different concentrations a phase diagram was obtained, which indicated that skim milk had a two-phase region on the higher temperature side. The effects of pH and rennet treatment were also evaluated with the aid of this phase diagram. The results were discussed on the basis of concepts of the phase behaviour of polymers, which were successfully developed in polymer physics.

Study on Foaming Properties of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate for Textile Foam Dyeing and Finishing

2011 ◽  
Vol 332-334 ◽  
pp. 1515-1519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke Li ◽  
Jian Fei Zhang ◽  
Qiu Jin Li
Keyword(s):  
Foam Stability ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Dynamic Surface Tension ◽  
Foaming Properties ◽  
Textile Processing ◽  
Dynamic Surface ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Foam Properties ◽  
Save Energy ◽  
The Relationship

Foam dyeing and finishing is a novel approach for textile processing, which can save energy and reduce the quantity of waster water. Frother plays an important role in foam dyeing and finishing systems. In this paper, the foaming properties of SDS were investigated for the purpose of application of foaming systems in fabric dyeing and finishing. The influence of SDS on foam properties was studied by measuring foamability, foam stability, equilibrium and dynamic surface tension, surface viscosity bubble size and bubble uniformity. At the same time, the relationship between foam apparent performance and microcosmic mechanism was also analyzed. The research will benefits the future study on the application of foam technique to the field of textile.

scholarly journals FOAM STABILITY PERFORMANCE ENHANCED WITH RICE HUSK ASH NANOPARTICLES

2019 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuah Kai Jie ◽  
Mohd Zaidi Jaafar ◽  
Wan Rosli Wan Sulaiman
Keyword(s):  
Silica Nanoparticles ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Foam Stability ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Specific Area ◽  
Stability Test ◽  
Hydrodynamic Diameter

Rice husk ash (RHA) has been recently used as a source of silica (SiO2) production due to its high silica content. Besides, high purity silica nano-powder has been successfully synthesized from RHA and employed in various industries including electronic component manufacturing and fillers in polymers. Meanwhile, silica nanoparticles has been widely used in the application of Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR). This is due to its ability in enhancing the foam stability besides modifying the wettability of the rocks in the formation. However, the synthesis of silica nanoparticles from RHA for the application in big scale operation such as EOR using conventional method is energy and time consuming. Therefore, the objective of this work is to study the effectiveness of using nano-sized rice husk ash (nano-RHA) as an additive to stabilize normal gas generated surfactant foam used in EOR. In order to decrease the size of the RHA into nano range, planetary ball mill was used in both dry grinding and wet grinding. Different surfactants including anionic and non-ionic were then used to study the polydispersity index of the dispersion and the hydrodynamic diameter using dynamic light scattering in dilute suspension. Besides, the nano-RHA was also characterized using FESEM, EDX, XRD and the change in specific area after grinding process was studied using BET. The foamability of different surfactants were then studied using minor concentration of nano-RHA. Next, the concentration of the nano-RHA was varied from 0.1wt% to 0.9wt% in normal gas bulk foam stability test using the suitable surfactant, the texture of foam was observed as well. Apart from that, the effect of oil on bulk foam was also studied. Finally, the result was compared using pure silica nanoparticles as the foam addictive at the same variation of concentrations. Dispersion stability tests showed that both anionic and non-ionic surfactants can be used to disperse nano-RHA in water. Moreover, in the presence of 0.9wt% of nano-RHA concentration, the bulk foam stability test results revealed that the sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) bulk foam half-life increased by 17.9% without the presence of oil, and gave an increment of 20.7% half-life in the presence of oil. Therefore, the study showed a potential of utilizing nano-RHA in stabilizing bulk foam.

An investigation on the influence of glycerin on sclerosant foam stability

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 232-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
J D Peterson ◽  
M P Goldman
Keyword(s):  
Half Life ◽  
Foam Stability ◽  
Varicose Veins ◽  
Injection Technique ◽  
Foam Sclerotherapy ◽  
System Technique ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Sodium Tetradecyl Sulphate ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Disposable Plastic

Background Foam sclerotherapy is an increasingly popular modality in the treatment of varicose veins. Foam stability varies according to foam composition, volume and injection technique. Materials and methods A disposable plastic connector was used to create foam from 0.50% sodium tetradecyl sulphate (STS) mixed with varying volumes of glycerin. As a measure of foam stability, the half liquid time was defined as the time required for half of the original volume of sclerosing solution to settle. Three recordings were determined for each of the three mixtures of sclerosant foam. Results The time for sclerosing solution to settle to half of its initial volume was found to be 89 seconds for 0.50% STS alone, 117.7 seconds with the addition of 0.1 mL of 72% glycerin, and 114.7 seconds with the addition of 0.2 mL of 72% glycerin. Conclusion The small volumes of glycerin added to STS prolonged the half liquid time of STS foam up to 35%. As glycerin alone is unable to be foamed with the double-syringe system technique there may be a point at which further addition of glycerin has a negative effect on the half-life of foam.

An Optical Method for Immediate Evaluation of Microfoam Stability in Foam Sclerotherapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 128-134
Author(s):  
Taoping Bai ◽  
Wentao Jiang ◽  
Lin Liang ◽  
Yalan Li ◽  
Yubo Fan
Keyword(s):  
Half Life ◽  
Optical Method ◽  
Clinical Performance ◽  
Foam Stability ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Optical Methods ◽  
Foam Sclerotherapy ◽  
Drainage Rate ◽  
Short Period ◽  
The Stability

<b><i>Objectives:</i></b> The objective of our study was to develop an optical method that instantly evaluates the stability of sclerosing foam, which would enable early predictions of the clinical performance of the foam and reduce the occurrence of clinical side effects. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Based on the principle of light scattering, we developed a method to optically test foam stability and verified it experimentally using sodium morrhuate (2 mL; 0.05 g/mL) and carbon dioxide. A self-made foam preparation instrument was used to achieve a preparation speed of 275 mm/s. The liquid-gas ratios were considered as 1:3, 1:4, and 1:5. Curves of illuminance with respect to the drainage rate and decay time were obtained. By fitting the curve, the relationship between foam half-life time (FHT) and foam decay was obtained. Thus, foam stability was evaluated using the initial illuminance value; the foam transfer time was approximately 3 s. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The experimental FHT varies between 205 and 232 s. Illuminance is exponentially related to drainage rate and linearly related with time. FHT can be expressed by the initial illuminance and illuminance curve fitting coefficients. The half-life of the foam decreases as the initial illuminance value increases, for the same sclerosing drug. The suitability of foam stability is determined by the position of the initial value in the chart. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Optical methods are feasible for evaluating foam stability over a short period of time. Clinically predicting the stability of freshly prepared foam can reduce number of incidences of further complications. This will promote the development of foam sclerotherapy and provide a basic understanding of the internal mechanical properties of foam.

Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Foam Stability Dependence on Nanoparticle Concentration for Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR)

2014 ◽  
Vol 548-549 ◽  
pp. 1876-1880 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.A.T. Mohd ◽  
A. H. M. Muhayyidin ◽  
Nurul Aimi Ghazali ◽  
M.Z. Shahruddin ◽  
N. Alias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enhanced Oil Recovery ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Foam Stability ◽  
Foam Height ◽  
Sweep Efficiency ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Reservoir Conditions ◽  
Foam Properties ◽  
Foam Generator ◽  
Foam Flooding

Foam flooding is an established approach in Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) to recover a significant quantity of the residual oil left in the reservoir after primary and secondary recovery. However, foam flooding faces various problems due to low viscosity effect, which reduces its efficiency in recovering oil. Using surfactant to stabilize CO2foam may reduce mobility and improve areal and vertical sweep efficiency, but the potential weaknesses are such that high surfactant retention in porous media and unstable foam properties under high temperature reservoir conditions. Nanoparticles have higher adhesion energy to the fluid interface, which potentially stabilize longer lasting foams. Thus, this paper is aimed to investigate the CO2foam stability and mobility characteristics at different concentration of nanosilica, brine and surfactant. Foam generator has been used to generate CO2foam and analyze its stability under varying nanosilica concentration from 100 - 5000 ppm, while brine salinity and surfactant concentration ranging from 0 to 2.0 wt% NaCl and 0 – 10000 ppm, respectively. Foam stability was investigated through observation of the foam bubble size and the reduction of foam height inside the observation tube. The mobility was reduced as the concentration of nanosilica increased with the presence of surfactant. After 150 minutes of observation, the generated foam height reduced by 10%. Liquid with the presence of both silica nanoparticles and surfactant generated more stable foam with lower mobility. It can be concluded that the increase in concentration of nanosilica and addition of surfactant provided significant effects on the foam stability and mobility, which could enhance oil recovery.

Preparation and Surface Properties Investigation of Lignin-Phonls Non-Ionic Surfactant

2013 ◽  
Vol 647 ◽  
pp. 762-768
Author(s):  
Cui Ping Mao ◽  
Shu Bin Wu
Keyword(s):  
Foam Stability ◽  
Lower Surface ◽  
Ionic Surfactant ◽  
Solubility In Water ◽  
Alkali Lignin ◽  
Chemical Manufacturing ◽  
Lignin Phenols ◽  
Foaming Power ◽  
Foam Properties ◽  
Modified Lignin

Surfactants from modified lignin have received growing attention recently. Lignin is an inevitable by-product of the chemical manufacturing processes for cellulose and pulping. Furthermore, this class of chemical has vast availability around the world. Due to the interactions of hydrophobic and hydrophilic groups on the interface, lignin modified surfactants present favorable surfactivity. In this paper, alkali lignin (AL) suffered the liquefaction treatment into liquefid alkali lignin (L-AL), of which major constituents were lignin-phenols. Hydrophilic modified L-AL was synthesized with epoxy chloropropane then with polyglycol. The surface tension, watersolubility and HLB value of the productions were characterized. Then the surfactant was applied to the experiments of foam properties, detergency and emulsifying power. The results showed that the modified surfactant had fine solubility in water, relatively higher HLB value of 16.26 and lower surface tention. The production had lower foaming power and foam stability. Though its decontamination performance was relatively weak，however the emulsifying power presented pretty well.

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