Influence of Electron Beam Irradiation as One of the Mixed Crosslinking Systems on the Structure and Properties of Nitrile Rubber

2004 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 624-645 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Vijayabaskar ◽  
Francis Rene Costa ◽  
Anil K. Bhowmick
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Solid State Nmr ◽  
Electron Beam Irradiation ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Crosslinking Density ◽  
Nitrile Rubber ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Beam Irradiation ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Ir Analysis

Abstract The influence of electron beam on the nitrile rubber vulcanizates at varying levels of sulfur is reported. A higher crosslinking density, reduced elongation at break, increased modulus and tensile strength have been observed for the irradiated rubbers, as compared to the control rubber vulcanizates. The vulcanizate containing higher amount of sulfur, tends to form more crosslinkages on impinging with electron beam. This behavior is explained by the formation of monosulphidic linkages and is ascertained with the help of IR analysis (ATR mode), solid-state NMR analysis and chemical probe treatments of the irradiated vulcanizates. The implausible nature of these mixed crosslinking systems with electron beam as an additional crosslinker is explained with a kinetic model using steady state principle. A mechanistic path is suggested for explaining the structural changes on irradiation of these vulcanizates, which is supported by this model.

Influence of radiation temperature on the crosslinking of nitrile rubber by electron beam irradiation

2008 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 511-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Vijayabaskar ◽  
M. Stephan ◽  
S. Kalaivani ◽  
S. Volke ◽  
G. Heinrich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Electron Beam Irradiation ◽  
Nitrile Rubber ◽  
Radiation Temperature ◽  
Beam Irradiation

Effects of electron beam irradiation on structure and properties of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 1357-1377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongliang Dai ◽  
Meiwu Shi
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Electron Beam Irradiation ◽  
Breaking Strength ◽  
Beam Irradiation ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Gel Content ◽  
Ultra High Molecular Weight ◽  
Polyethylene Fibers

This study introduced trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate into ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers through supercritical CO2 pretreatment before the fibers were irradiated under an electron beam. Significant differences, emerging in the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers’ gel content, mechanical properties, and creep property according to their different irradiation doses, were studied through one-way analysis of variance. Regression equations were established between the irradiation dose and the gel content, breaking strength, elongation at break, and creep rate by regression analysis. A reasonable irradiation dosage range was determined after a verification experiment and the impact trends were analyzed; additionally, the sensitized irradiation crosslinking mechanism of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers was preliminarily examined. Then the surface morphology, chemical structures, thermal properties, and crystal properties of treated ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers were measured. The results showed that as the irradiation dose increased, the gel content first rose and then declined; the breaking strength decreased continuously; the elongation at break increased at first and then decreased; and the creep rate originally fell and then rose before finally declining slowly. Electron beam irradiation had a significant etching effect on the fibers’ surface, and both the melting point and crystallinity decreased slightly.

Effect of electron beam irradiation on structure and properties of styrene-butadiene rubber

2018 ◽  
Vol 149 ◽  
pp. 14-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna S. Bandzierz ◽  
Louis A.E.M. Reuvekamp ◽  
Grażyna Przybytniak ◽  
Wilma K. Dierkes ◽  
Anke Blume ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Electron Beam Irradiation ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Beam Irradiation ◽  
Styrene Butadiene

Twinning and oxygen ordering in Ba2YCu3O7−x crystals

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 14-15
Author(s):  
Sumio Iijima ◽  
Toshinari Ichihashi
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Electron Beam Irradiation ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Oxygen Deficiency ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Structural Evolution ◽  
Beam Irradiation ◽  
Oxygen Ordering ◽  
Tweed Structure ◽  
T Phase

Formation of twins in Or-BYCO crystals was studied by transforming them to T-phase by electron beam irradiation in the microscope. It is known that during the transformation the crystals developed twinning (STW), Ortho-II phase (1×2 superstructure), tweed structure. These structures occur in that order by the irradiation and the structural changes are caused by oxygen deficiency and oxygen atoms ordering. This work is aimed at elucidation of oxygen atom ordering by examining the structural evolution in terms of morphologies of the twins.Atypical evolution of an Or-BYCO crystal is shown in a series of micrographs in Figs. 1 to 5. As-grown twin (FTW) boundaries have a characteristic lens shape extending in the < 110> direction and terminate at a twin boundary in horizontal direction (Fig.1). These boundaries don't accompany strain contrast which is developed in the crystal after a brief irradiation (Fig.2). The strain contrasts, which are differentiated easily from the thickness contrast, appear parallel to the boundaries and change slowly across the boundaries.

Compositional and Structural Changes of Corn Cob Pretreated by Electron Beam Irradiation

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 420-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoya Guo ◽  
Ting Zhang ◽  
Sitao Shu ◽  
Wei Zheng ◽  
Mintian Gao
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Electron Beam Irradiation ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Beam Irradiation ◽  
Corn Cob

The Influence of Plastic Deformation Performed before and after Electron Beam Irradiation on the Morphology and Structural Properties of UHMWPE

2015 ◽  
Vol 220-221 ◽  
pp. 627-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Maszybrocka ◽  
Adrian Barylski ◽  
Jerzy Cybo
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Lamellar Structure ◽  
Electron Beam Irradiation ◽  
Crosslinking Density ◽  
Beam Irradiation ◽  
Input Material ◽  
Morphology And Structure ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Structural Tests

The paper presents changes in UHMWPE morphology and structure caused by irradiation with an electron beam and plastic deformation. The input material consisted of two grades of polyethylene, i.e. GUR 1050 and GUR 1020 (Poly Hi Solidur Medi TECH), used for producing the bearing components of endoprostheses applied in total joint alloplasty. Tests involved three groups of samples: the ones subjected to modification through radiation (N) only, those modified by plastic deformation before (ON) and after (NO) irradiation with an electron beam (N). The obtained variants were subjected to comprehensive morphological and structural tests, which made it possible to document changes in the lamellar structure (SEM) and orientation of the crystalline structure (SAXS) as well as to determine the content of the crystalline phase (DSC) and to define crosslinking density.

The Structure and Properties of Yttrium-Stabilized Zirconium Dioxide Ceramics Treated by Electron Beam

2016 ◽  
Vol 683 ◽  
pp. 53-57
Author(s):  
Oleg S. Tolkachev ◽  
Yurii F. Ivanov ◽  
Elizaveta A. Petrikova ◽  
Maria S. Petyukevich ◽  
Alexandra Panina
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Rapid Solidification ◽  
Zirconium Dioxide ◽  
Structural Modification ◽  
Electron Beam Irradiation ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Microcrystalline Structure ◽  
Beam Irradiation ◽  
Modified Layer ◽  
Stabilized Zirconium Dioxide

The high-intensity electron-beam treatment of the submillisecond duration is used to treat the surface layer of sintered zirconium dioxide ceramics partially stabilized by yttrium. The electron beam irradiation parameters are obtained allowing the structural modification under a rapid solidification. It is shown that the structural modification of ceramics under melting conditions with the subsequent rapid solidification is accompanied by the formation of a sub-microcrystalline structure that fosters a multiple magnification (≈ 2 times) of the modified layer hardness.

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