The Friction and Wear of Rubber Part 1: Effects of Dynamically Changing Slip Direction and the Damage Orientation Distribution Function

2002 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
David P. Gerrard ◽  
Joe Padovan
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Function ◽  
Orientation Distribution Function ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Orientation Distribution ◽  
Slip Direction ◽  
Wear Performance ◽  
Model Predictions ◽  
Rubber Surface ◽  
Rubber Part

Abstract In Part 1, results of an experimental and analytical study are offered which examined the effects of a dynamically changing slip direction on a rubber surface's friction and wear performance and on the properties of an industrial abrasive. For a filled SBR compound, it was found that a dynamically changing slip direction had a small effect on the friction/traction performance, but a substantial beneficial effect on the surface's wear performance. The abrasive's ability to generate wear was found to be strongly dependent on the accumulation of side slip over the life of the abrasive. Conceptualization of the Damage Orientation Distribution Function is offered to describe the statistical nature of the oriented damage generated on a slipping rubber surface. The experimental results are shown to be in excellent agreement with model predictions based on several simple assumptions regarding the effects that changing slip orientation has on the response of the Distribution Function.

The Friction and Wear of Rubber Part 2: Micro-Mechanical Description of Intrinsic Wear

2003 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
David P. Gerrard ◽  
Joe Padovan
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Function ◽  
Orientation Distribution Function ◽  
Strain Energy Release ◽  
Orientation Distribution ◽  
Slip Direction ◽  
Wear Performance ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Rubber Part ◽  
Fracture Processes ◽  
Abrasive Size

Abstract The concept of a Damage Orientation Distribution Function was introduced in Part 1 of this series to describe the transient affect on wear generated by a dynamically changing slip orientation. In this Part an analytical model of the micro-mechanical processes that occur in a slipping rubber/abrasive interface is offered and serves as the basis for a new relation for the prediction of rubber wear. The description considers the fatigue fracture processes that occur at the intrinsic nodule level. The assumption is made that each intrinsic nodule undergoes intermittent fractures which are driven by Strain Energy Release Rate levels that range from a minimum at or below the linear region of the material's Fatigue Crack Propagation curve, through the Power Law Region and finally to the catastrophic tear value. The proposed description is tested against the early data of Schallamach. It is shown that the simple relationships offered in the analytical study can be used to predict rubber wear performance over a wide range of pressures and abrasive asperity sizes. In light of this analysis, the Damage Orientation Distribution Function of Part 1 is revisited and found to be a useful tool when considering the fundamental processes that occur during unidirectional wear. Changes in slip direction are found to affect the instantaneous wear rate by affecting the Distribution Function in a different manner than changes in pressure or abrasive size. Changes in slip direction are shown to affect the population of intrinsic nodules immediately available for rupture while changes in pressure or abrasive size are shown to influence wear by changing the rate at which nodules move through the Distribution.

Influence of extinction phenomenon on determination of the orientation distribution function

2006 ◽  
Vol 2006 (suppl_23_2006) ◽  
pp. 175-180
Author(s):  
G. Gómez-Gasga ◽  
T. Kryshtab ◽  
J. Palacios-Gómez ◽  
A. de Ita de la Torre
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Function ◽  
Orientation Distribution Function ◽  
Orientation Distribution

A software for diffraction stress factor calculations for textured materials

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Gnäupel-Herold
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Function ◽  
Pole Figure ◽  
Elastic Constants ◽  
Orientation Distribution Function ◽  
Lattice Strain ◽  
Orientation Distribution ◽  
Crystallite Orientation ◽  
Interaction Models ◽  
Grain Interaction ◽  
Textured Materials

A software for the calculation of diffraction elastic constants (DEC) for materials both with and without preferred orientation was developed. All grain-interaction models that can use the crystallite orientation distribution function (ODF) are incorporated, including Kröner, Hill, inverse Kröner, and Reuss. The functions of the software include: reading the ODF in common textual formats, pole figure calculation, calculation of DEC for different (hkl,φ,ψ), calculation of anisotropic bulk constants from the ODF, calculation of macro-stress from lattice strain and vice versa, as well as mixture ratios of (hkl) of overlapped reflections in textured materials.

scholarly journals Study and classification of the Crystallographic Orientation Distribution Function of a non-grain oriented electrical steel using computer vision system

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1070-1083
Author(s):  
Roberto Fernandes Ivo ◽  
Douglas de Araújo Rodrigues ◽  
José Ciro dos Santos ◽  
Francisco Nélio Costa Freitas ◽  
Luis Flaávio Gaspar Herculano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computer Vision ◽  
Distribution Function ◽  
Orientation Distribution Function ◽  
Crystallographic Orientation ◽  
Electrical Steel ◽  
Vision System ◽  
Orientation Distribution ◽  
Computer Vision System

scholarly journals Texture Analysis of a Zinc Layer on a Steel Substrate Using Neutron Diffraction

1993 ◽  
Vol 21 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 71-78
Author(s):  
H.-G. Brokmeier
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Function ◽  
Neutron Diffraction ◽  
Texture Analysis ◽  
Orientation Distribution Function ◽  
Steel Substrate ◽  
Orientation Distribution ◽  
Pole Figures ◽  
Iron And Zinc

This paper describes the application of neutron diffraction to investigate the texture of a zinc layer 8 μm in thickness. In a nondestructive way both the texture of the zinc layer as well as the texture of the steel substrate were studied. Therefore, pole figures of iron ((110), (200) and (211)) and of zinc ((0002), (101¯0), (101¯1); and (101¯3)/(112¯0)) were measured; additionally the orientation distribution function of iron and zinc were calculated.

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