Environmental Health Control for the Rubber Industry

1971 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 512-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. E. McCormick
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Health ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Synthetic Polymers ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Rubber Industry ◽  
Environmental Controls ◽  
Hazard Control ◽  
Industrial Operations

Abstract To present a review of the health problems and their control for the Rubber Industry requires the making of certain choices relative to the breadth of the discussion. It is well known that the Rubber Industry has many facets. These involve not only the conversion of the natural and synthetic polymers into usable articles, but the manufacture of chemicals, plastics, and numerous other materials. For this reason, this review is restricted to the manufacture of the commonly used synthetic polymers and to the operations incident to the conversion of these polymers and the natural polymer into marketable products. Why should there be a concern with respect to the health problems of the Rubber Industry? (1) It is well known that many different chemicals are used, not only in the manufacture of polymers but in the conversion process. The industry is a huge consumer of chemicals, and these run the gamut of highly hazardous to inocuous. Proper environmental controls must be applied in order to handle them safely. (2) An increased emphasis by governmental agencies for a safe working environment has also been an important factor. (3) And, finally, our society as a whole shows an increasing concern with respect to all environmental factors affecting life and property. Industrial hygienists use a basic guiding principle for all environmental health hazard control: all materials are toxic to some degree, including such common essentials as water and oxygen. The problem is to determine the level or quantity at which a specific material is harmful or produces an adverse effect. The question is always, therefore, not whether a material is toxic; rather, is it hazardous (too much). It would be impossible for most industrial operations to occur if we had to have zero exposure of personnel to materials. The definition of the hazardous amount is frequently very difficult and time consuming, and involves skills of several disciplines, including those of toxicology and medicine. It requires the study of animals under controlled insult conditions and the ongoing observations of humans during their working lifetime.

scholarly journals Cohort profile: the Chinese Pregnant Women Cohort Study and Offspring Follow-up (CPWCSaOF)

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. e044933
Author(s):  
Tianchen Lyu ◽  
Yunli Chen ◽  
Yongle Zhan ◽  
Yingjie Shi ◽  
Hexin Yue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Obstetric Outcomes ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Link Type

PurposeA multicentre prospective cohort study, known as the Chinese Pregnant Women Cohort Study (CPWCS), was established in 2017 to collect exposure data during pregnancy (except environmental exposure) and analyse the relationship between lifestyle during pregnancy and obstetric outcomes. Data about mothers and their children’s life and health as well as children’s laboratory testing will be collected during the offspring follow-up of CPWCS, which will enable us to further investigate the longitudinal relationship between exposure in different periods (during pregnancy and childhood) and children’s development.Participants9193 pregnant women in 24 hospitals in China who were in their first trimester (5–13 weeks gestational age) from 25 July 2017 to 26 November 2018 were included in CPWCS by convenience sampling. Five hospitals in China which participated in CPWCS with good cooperation will be selected as the sample source for the Chinese Pregnant Women Cohort Study (Offspring Follow-up) (CPWCS-OF).Findings to dateSome factors affecting pregnancy outcomes and health problems during pregnancy have been discovered through data analysis. The details are discussed in the ‘Findings to date’ section.Future plansInfants and children and their mothers who meet the criteria will be enrolled in the study and will be followed up every 2 years. The longitudinal relationship between exposure (questionnaire data, physical examination and biospecimens, medical records, and objective environmental data collected through geographical information system and remote sensing technology) in different periods (during pregnancy and childhood) and children’s health (such as sleeping problem, oral health, bowel health and allergy-related health problems) will be analysed.Trail registration numberCPWCS was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov on 18 January 2018: NCT03403543. CPWCS-OF was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov on 24 June 2020: NCT04444791.

scholarly journals A Survey on Topics Rating for the Undergraduate and Diploma in Environmental Health

SAGE Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 215824401881104
Author(s):  
Kamaruddin Arshad ◽  
Qi Ying Lean ◽  
Long Chiau Ming ◽  
Sundara Rajan Mahalingam ◽  
Chua Say Tiong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Health ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Exposure ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Tertiary Institutions ◽  
Current Content ◽  
Level Of Importance

Environmental health (EH) is the study of environment and environmental factors affecting the health of human. Identifying the most relevant and up-to-date and updated teaching topics of EH programs is vital to ensure competent practitioners are nurtured. Thus, this study aimed to attain the view of current content of EH programs for EH professionals and intended to recommend topics necessary for education and practice. The level of importance of current and newly proposed topics for EH courses at diploma and bachelor’s level was assessed using a cross-sectional survey design. Practicing EH programs graduates were invited via social media and e-mails to participate in the survey. The respondents were asked to rank the importance of different EH topics based on 5-point Likert-type scale. Descriptive statistics were employed to report the importance of EH curricula at Malaysian tertiary institutions. It was found that between diploma’s and bachelor’s level, the bachelor’s graduates were expected to have high exposure in existing topics such as vector control management, legislation for EH and safety, health and safety risk assessment, as well as newly proposed topics including critical literature evaluation and innovation in creating awareness activities. The findings from this survey could serve as a guide to improvise EH curricula to ensure the EH programs continue to produce students with the necessary skills, knowledge, and competencies.

scholarly journals FACTORS AFFECTING EARLY DETECTION OF MENTAL HEALTH PROBLEMS OF THE ELDERLY AND SERVICE USE IN KOREA

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 1202-1202
Author(s):  
Y. Park ◽  
D. Son ◽  
K. Park ◽  
E. Park ◽  
Y. Choi
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Service Use ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Factors Affecting

scholarly journals Climate-related migration and population health: social science-oriented dynamic simulation model

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Reuveny
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Simulation Model ◽  
Environmental Health ◽  
Dynamic Simulation ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Ecological Impacts ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Pilot Model ◽  
Dynamic Simulation Model

Abstract Background Social science models find the ecological impacts of climate change (EICC) contribute to internal migration in developing countries and, less so, international migration. Projections expect massive climate-related migration in this century. Nascent research calls to study health, migration, population, and armed conflict potential together, accounting for EICC and other factors. System science offers a way: develop a dynamic simulation model (DSM). We aim to validate the feasibility and usefulness of a pilot DSM intended to serve as a proof-of-concept and a basis for identifying model extensions to make it less simplified and more realistic. Methods Studies have separately examined essential parts. Our DSM integrates their results and computes composites of health problems (HP), health care (HC), non-EICC environmental health problems (EP), and environmental health services (ES) by origin site and by immigrants and natives in a destination site, and conflict risk and intensity per area. The exogenous variables include composites of EICC, sociopolitical, economic, and other factors. We simulate the model for synthetic input values and conduct sensitivity analyses. Results The simulation results refer to generic origin and destination sites anywhere on Earth. The effects’ sizes are likely inaccurate from a real-world view, as our input values are synthetic. Their signs and dynamics are plausible, internally consistent, and, like the sizes, respond logically in sensitivity analyses. Climate migration may harm public health in a host area even with perfect HC/ES qualities and full access; and no HP spillovers across groups, conflict, EICC, and EP. Deviations from these conditions may worsen everyone’s health. We consider adaptation options. Conclusions This work shows we can start developing DSMs to understand climate migration and public health by examining each case with its own inputs. Validation of our pilot model suggests we can use it as intended. We lay a path to making it more realistic for policy analysis.

HYGIENIC INFLUENCE OF PRODUCTION FACTORS ON THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF DERMATOSES IN RAILWAY TRANSPORT WORKERS IN THE CONTEXT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.A. Karpova ◽  
◽  
V.A. Semenikhin ◽  
B.A. Balandovich ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Labor Process ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Railway Transport ◽  
Working Population ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Transport Workers

Abstract: Introduction. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, it is necessary to look for new approaches to the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of skin diseases in the working population. Study objective. To study the hygienic influence of harmful and dangerous factors of the working environment and the severity of the labor process on the structure of the general dermatological morbidity in railway transport workers who ensure the safety of train traffic in the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and methods. The complex of harmful production factors affecting railway transport workers was studied according to the sanitary and hygienic characteristics of the working conditions of employees of the Altai region of the West Siberian Railway of JSC "Russian Railways". The structure of the general dermatological morbidity was studied according to the statistical coupons of outpatient patients who applied to a dermatovenerologist in the CHUZ " CB "Russian Railways-Medicine" Barnaul for the period 2019-2020. Results. The conducted complex of hygienic, epidemiological and statistical studies showed that the combined impact of chemical, meteorological, physical, biological harmful production factors and the severity of the labor process (class 3.1-3.5) in railway transport workers who ensure the safety of train traffic leads to the development of such production-related skin diseases as contact dermatitis and psoriasis. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, skin infections (62.8%) predominate over non-infectious dermatoses in the structure of the total dermatological morbidity. The share of primary morbidity increased to 90.8%. The first rank is occupied by pyoderma (47.5%), the second – allergodermatoses (20.0%), the third – mycoses (11.6%). Conclusion. The COVID-19 pandemic leads to changes in the epidemiological and clinical features of dermatoses in the working population, which must be taken into account in their prevention, diagnosis and treatment.

Job motivation and some factors affecting job motivation of office and support staffs at Dong Thap General hospital in 2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 04 (03) ◽  
pp. 9-17
Author(s):  
Quynh Pham ◽  
◽  
Minh Tuan Le ◽  
Thanh Phung ◽  
Thi Huyen Chang Pham
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Job Motivation ◽  
The Board Of Directors ◽  
Intrinsic Job Satisfaction

The study was conducted with 02 objectives to describe and analyze some factors affecting the motivation of office and support staffs working at Dong Thap General Hospital in 2017. The research design is cross-sectional, combining quantitative and qualitative methods. Research results show that, the motivation average score of office and support staffs with the general motivation; burnout; job satisfaction; intrinsic job satisfaction; organizational commitment; conscientiousness; timeliness and attendance oscillate from 2.91 to 3.5. The motivation average score of office and support staffs with burnout is lowest and the motivation average score of office and support staffs with conscientiousness is highest. Some factors affecting the motivation of office and support staffs are income policies; training opportunities; satisfaction of colleagues and managers; working environment; equipment and facilities. The research results provide evidence to help the Board of Directors to develop solutions to improve the motivation of office and support staffs in the future. Keywords: job motivation, office and support staffs, hospital.

Pediatric Environmental Health

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Health ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Fourth Edition

Significantly revised and updated, the fourth edition of this popular AAP policy manual helps you identify, prevent, and treat pediatric environmental health problems. https://shop.aap.org/pediatric-environmental-health-4th-edition-paperback/

scholarly journals FACTORS AFFECTING UTILIZATION OF ANTENATAL CARE SERVICES IN SANA'A CITY, YEMEN

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Seham Othman ◽  
Taha Almahbashi ◽  
Alabed Ali A. Alabed
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Danger Signs ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Mother Education

Antenatal care is a vital part of primary healthcare that is known to improve maternal and newborn outcomes. The aim of this study was to identify the factors affecting utilization of antenatal care services for women in reproductive age in Yemen. This cross-sectional community-based study was conducted in six districts of Sana’a City, Yemen. Data were collected from 460 mothers who gave birth in the past six months via face-to-face interviews at home between September to December 2010. Only 54% of mothers were found to have made four or more antenatal care visits. Almost two third of participants made their first visit during their first trimester due to presence of health problems and did not follow up when they became healthy during pregnancy. Reasons for not receiving antenatal care services due to absence of health problems, high cost of antenatal care services, long waiting time, and poor staff attitude. Sixty percent of participants were unaware of the danger symptoms of common health problems in pregnancy. The significant factors affecting utilization of antenatal services were mother education, residence place, age at first pregnancy, gravida, parity, occurrence of pregnancy without planning, and number of live children (P<0.05). The factors affecting the number of visits were mother education, place of residence, and husband work were (P<0.05). Future healthcare activities should focus on improving women’s awareness of the importance of antenatal care even in the absence of noticeable health problems and lack of education about the common danger signs and symptoms of pregnancy.

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