The Thermoplasticity of Thermoprene. A Study of the Adhesion of Rubber to Metal

1948 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 247-253
Author(s):  
André Jarrijon ◽  
Pierre Louïa
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Amorphous Powder ◽  
White Amorphous Powder ◽  
Halogenated Compounds ◽  
Technical Literature ◽  
Chemical Reagents ◽  
Chemical Derivatives ◽  
Organic Halogenated Compounds ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Inorganic And Organic

Abstract Among chemical derivatives of rubber, there is a type to which has been given the name of isorubbers or cyclorubbers in the technical literature. Kirchhof has described at length these products, which can be prepared by various methods, e.g., by the action of heat, as described by Harries, who isolated a white amorphous powder, having a density of 0.992, by heating rubber for several hours in ether at 250–300°, under pressure, or by the action of chemical reagents, particularly sulfuric acid and inorganic and organic halogenated compounds, with which a range of products suitable for molding powders, paints, sheets, wire, etc., can be prepared. The present work is concerned, not with a further study of these products, but rather with an investigation of a particular one of these products, viz., that which is obtained by treating rubber with phenolsulfonic acid. The B. F. Goodrich Company, and Fisher in particular, have successfully developed the manufacture and use of this product, and have given it the generic and commercial name of Thermoprene. At the beginning, a large number of applications of Thermoprene were foreseen, but only one application has survived and undergone any extensive development, viz., the use of Thermoprene as an adhesive for bonding rubber to metal, a process known as the Vulcalock process. As a result of newly observed facts, it seemed of interest to take up this problem again in an attempt to improve the process in certain ways.

Pliolite-Rubber Mixtures

1941 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 398-406
Author(s):  
H. R. Thies
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Phosphorus Oxychloride ◽  
Double Bonds ◽  
Boron Fluoride ◽  
Chemical Derivatives ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Gutta Percha ◽  
Complete Breakdown ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Derivatives Of

Abstract Cyclized rubbers have attracted the attention of chemists for a long time. When pure, all of these derivatives of rubber consist of a hydrocarbon or a mixture of hydrocarbons (C5H8)x, and all have less unsaturation than does the parent substance. Their physical properties, however, vary from rubbery to hard shellaclike types, and their formation is attributed to internal cyclic formation, since there is a change in the unsaturation but no change in the composition when compared to the original rubber. Several different methods have been utilized for the preparation of a cyclized rubber. Harries obtained a white inelastic solid by treating a rubber hydrogen halide with an organic base. When rubber is heated under conditions which preclude complete breakdown, a diminution in the number of double bonds is effected, together with increase in density. Cyclization by pyrogenic decomposition was accomplished as early as 1838 by Himly The heat-cyclized rubber obtained by Staudinger and Geiger was a white powder, the solutions of which were of low viscosity. The effect of heat on rubber in solution as investigated by Staudinger and Bondy showed that, up to 150° C, the number of double bonds remained the same, but at higher temperatures cyclization occurred. As early as 1781 Leonhardi referred to a tough elastic product obtained by treating rubber with sulfuric acid. In 1851 Macintosh obtained a patent for a process in which the extruded or moulded articles of gutta-percha were subjected to superficial hardening by immersion in concentrated sulfuric acid. However, the sulfuric- or sulfonic-acid-cyclized rubber of today is based upon the investigations of Fisher and coworkers. These materials, known as Thermoprenes, were shown to be cyclic isomers of rubber hydrocarbon, in agreement with the observations of Kirchhof and Staudinger. Rubber isomers from halides of amphoteric metals, such as stannic and stannous chlorides, aluminum chloride, boron fluoride, and chlorostannic acid, embrace some of the most valuable chemical derivatives of rubber. A comprehensive study of these reactions was made by Bruson, Sebrell, and Calvert. The properties of amphoteric metal halide derivatives of rubber which render them specially valuable as moulding materials were described by Thies and Clifford and by Jones and Winkelmann. Numerous other methods for isomerizing rubber include the silent electric discharge, heating in the presence of surface-active substances, phosphorus oxychloride, and hydrogen fluoride.

scholarly journals Chemical Derivatives of α-Chymotrypsinogen

1960 ◽  
Vol 235 (2) ◽  
pp. 396-404
Author(s):  
Djahanguir M. Abadi ◽  
Philip E. Wilcox
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Derivatives ◽  
Derivatives Of

scholarly journals Chemical Derivatives of α-Chymotrypsinogen

1961 ◽  
Vol 236 (5) ◽  
pp. 1328-1337
Author(s):  
Marilynn S. Doscher ◽  
Philip E. Wilcox
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Derivatives ◽  
Derivatives Of

Synthèse de quelques dérivés du tétrahydro-4,5,6,7 benzothiazoline-Δ2α-acétate d'éthyle

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (23) ◽  
pp. 3643-3648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Réal Laliberté ◽  
Hilda Warwick ◽  
Georges Médawar
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Spectroscopic Evidence ◽  
Concentrated Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Derivatives Of

Some derivatives of α-cyano tétrahydro benzothiazoline-Δ2α-acetic acid and their intermediates are described. The lack of reactivity of this class of compounds and products of treatment with concentrated sulfuric acid have been studied. Assignment of configuration was based on infrared and ultraviolet spectroscopic evidence.

Chemical derivatives of synthetic isoprene rubbers

1946 ◽  
Vol 38 (11) ◽  
pp. 1171-1181 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. D'Ianni ◽  
F. J. Naples ◽  
J. W. Marsh ◽  
J. L. Zarney
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Derivatives ◽  
Derivatives Of

Nigericic Acids, Two New Chemical Derivatives of Nigericin

1989 ◽  
Vol 53 (9) ◽  
pp. 2497-2498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gérard Dauphin ◽  
Lucien David ◽  
Alain Kergomard ◽  
Catherine Sainz
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Derivatives ◽  
Derivatives Of

Isocarbostyrils. II. The Conversion of 2-Methyl-4-acyl-5-nitroisocarbostyrils to 2-Substituted Indole-4-carboxylic Acids

1971 ◽  
Vol 49 (17) ◽  
pp. 2797-2802 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. Horning ◽  
G. Lacasse ◽  
J. M. Muchowski
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Carboxylic Acid ◽  
Carboxylic Acids ◽  
Alkaline Hydrolysis ◽  
Mannich Reaction ◽  
Reductive Cyclization ◽  
Acid Catalyzed ◽  
Acid Anhydrides ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Derivatives Of

The sulfuric acid catalyzed acylation of 2-methyl-5-nitroisocarbostyril with carboxylic acid anhydrides gave the corresponding 4-acylated derivatives 3, which underwent reductive cyclization to 2-substituted derivatives of 4-methyl-1,3,4,5-tetrahydropyrrolo[4.3.2.de]isoquinolin-5-one (4). Alkaline hydrolysis of the six-membered lactam in 4 was accompanied by a retro-Mannich reaction to produce 2-substituted indole-4-carboxylic acids in about 40 % overall yield from 3.

Recombinant and Chemical Derivatives of Apamin. Implication of Post-Transcriptional C-Terminal Amidation of Apamin in Biological Activity

1995 ◽  
Vol 231 (3) ◽  
pp. 544-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiane Devaux ◽  
Martine Knibiehler ◽  
Maria-Leria Defendini ◽  
Kamel Mabrouk ◽  
Herve Rochat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Chemical Derivatives ◽  
Derivatives Of
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