A New Method for Determining the Resistance of Soft-Rubber Products to Low Temperatures

1945 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 401-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Aengeneyndt ◽  
W. Kesternich
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Simple Technique ◽  
New Method ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Vulcanized Rubber ◽  
Soft Rubber

Abstract A simple method for testing the behavior of vulcanized rubber at low temperatures is described. In this method test-specimens in the form of strips prepared from finished goods, such as packing, hose, etc., are tested by a simple technique, without the necessity of mathematical calculations or the plotting of graphs. It is recommended that the hardening point be used as a criterion of behavior of vulcanized rubber in service at low temperatures, i.e., its resistance to cold. When this method is used, this hardening temperature should be 5° to 15° C below the lowest outside temperature at which the particular product must still operate satisfactorily.

Brittle Point of Rubber on Freezing

1942 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-250
Author(s):  
M. L. Selker ◽  
G. G. Winspear ◽  
A. R. Kemp
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperatures ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Vulcanized Rubber ◽  
Synthetic Rubber ◽  
Brittle Point ◽  
New Material ◽  
Point Data ◽  
First Time

Abstract The need for a simple method of determining brittle points which would be adaptable to a large number of materials led the writers to develop the apparatus described below. There is presented here, for the first time, brittle point data on certain natural and synthetic rubber compositions. The study of the variation with temperature of the mechanical properties of elastomers is of immediate practical and theoretical interest. Recently Kistler attempted a correlation of temperature-strength data of polymers with their chemical structure. On the other hand, the increasing use of synthetic high polymers at low temperatures for insulation and mechanical purposes requires a more complete knowledge of their behavior under conditions of extreme cold. The determination of the brittle point offers a simple method for investigating the possible use of a new material at low temperatures. In 1928 Kohman and Peek described a method whereby a small strip of material at a known temperature was bent quickly through 90° by a hammer blow. They found that within rather wide limits the brittle temperature was independent of the sample dimensions and bending angle, but that a high rate of deformation was necessary for reproducible results. The brittle point was found to be definite and reproducible within ±2° C for the materials studied. Using this method, Kemp determined the brittle point range of crude and vulcanized rubber, balata, guttapercha, and paragutta.

Capturing Protein Droplets: Label-free Visualization and Detection of Protein Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation with an Aggregation-Induced Emission Fluorogen

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan-Mei Li ◽  
Chu-Qiao Liang ◽  
Lin Wang ◽  
Yun-Yi Luo ◽  
Qian-Qian Li
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Liquid Phase Separation ◽  
New Method ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Aggregation Induced Emission ◽  
Liquid Liquid Phase Separation

We developed a new method for protein droplet visualization by means of a droplet probe (DroProbe) based on an aggregation-induced emission (AIE) fluorogen. A simple method for viscosity comparison of...

scholarly journals A simple new method for identifying performance characteristics associated with success in elite tennis

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Fitzpatrick ◽  
Joseph A Stone ◽  
Simon Choppin ◽  
John Kelley
Keyword(s):  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Large Datasets ◽  
Performance Characteristics ◽  
New Method ◽  
Considerable Time ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Using Data

Performance analysis and identifying performance characteristics associated with success are of great importance to players and coaches in any sport. However, while large amounts of data are available within elite tennis, very few players employ an analyst or attempt to exploit the data to enhance their performance; this is partly attributable to the considerable time and complex techniques required to interpret these large datasets. Using data from the 2016 and 2017 French Open tournaments, we tested the agreement between the results of a simple new method for identifying important performance characteristics (the Percentage of matches in which the Winner Outscored the Loser, PWOL) and the results of two standard statistical methods to establish the validity of the simple method. Spearman’s rank-order correlations between the results of the three methods demonstrated excellent agreement, with all methods identifying the same three performance characteristics ( points won of 0–4 rally length, baseline points won and first serve points won) as strongly associated with success. Consequently, we propose that the PWOL method is valid for identifying performance characteristics associated with success in tennis, and is therefore a suitable alternative to more complex statistical methods, as it is simpler to calculate, interpret and contextualise.

scholarly journals A NEW METHOD TO DETECT EVENT-RELATED POTENTIALS BASED ON PEARSON'S CORRELATION

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrizio Tressoldi ◽  
William Giroldini ◽  
Luciano Pederzoli ◽  
Marco Bilucaglia ◽  
Simone Melloni
Keyword(s):  
Latency Period ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
New Method ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation ◽  
Eeg Activity ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Multiple Trials ◽  
Pearson's Correlation ◽  
Matlab Programming

Event Related Potentials (ERPs) are widely used in Brain-Computer Interface applications and in neuroscience. Normal EEG activity is rich in background noise and therefore, in order to detect ERPs, it is usually necessary to take the average from multiple trials to reduce the effects of this noise. The noise produced by EEG activity itself is not correlated with the ERP waveform and so, by calculating the average, the noise is decreased by a factor inversely proportional to the square root of N, where N is the number of averaged epochs. This is the easiest strategy currently used to detect ERPs, which is based on calculating the average of each ERPs waveform, these waveforms being time-and phase-locked. In this paper a new method called GW6 is proposed, which calculates the ERP using a mathematical method based only on Pearson's Correlation. This results in a graph with the same time resolution as the classical ERP and which contains only positive peaks representing the increase, in consonance to the stimuli, in EEG signal correlation over all channels. This new method is also useful for selectively identifying and highlighting any hidden components of the ERP response that are not phase-locked, and that are usually hidden in the standard and simple method based on the averaging of all the epochs. These hidden components seem to be caused by variations (between each successive stimulus) of the ERPs inherent phase latency period (jitter), although the same stimulus across all EEG channels produces a reasonably constant phase. For this reason, this new method could be very helpful to investigate these hidden components of the ERP response and to develop applications for scientific and medical purposes. Moreover, this new method is more resistant to EEG artifacts than the standard calculations of the average. The method we are proposing can be directly used in the form of a process written in the well known Matlab programming language and can be easily and quickly written in any other software language.

scholarly journals A New Method to Detect Outliers in High-frequency Time Series

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Ilaria Lucrezia Amerise ◽  
Agostino Tarsitano
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
New Method ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Absolute Difference ◽  
Data Preparation ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Nonparametric Procedure

The objective of this research is to develop a fast, simple method for detecting and replacing extreme spikes in high-frequency time series data. The method primarily consists  of a nonparametric procedure that pursues a balance between fidelity to observed data and smoothness. Furthermore, through examination of the absolute difference between original and smoothed values, the technique is also able to detect and, where necessary, replace outliers with less extreme data. Unlike other filtering procedures found in the literature, our method does not require a model to be specified for the data. Additionally, the filter makes only a single pass through the time series. Experiments  show that the new method can be validly used as a data preparation tool to ensure that time series modeling is supported by clean data, particularly in a complex context such as one with high-frequency data.

A (Relatively) Simple Method to Visualize Single Molecules

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-8
Author(s):  
Stephen W. Carmichael ◽  
Julio M. Fernandez
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Microscopy ◽  
Simple Technique ◽  
Zero Mode ◽  
Single Molecules ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Expensive Equipment ◽  
Freely Moving ◽  
Good For

Fluorescence microscopy can be used to study certain single molecules in solution or attached to a surface. Two conflicting challenges to overcome are: (1) to image freely moving molecules for long times and (2) to image immobilized single molecules when there is a highly fluorescent background. The fact that these two goals are inversely related is illustrated by epifluorescence, which is good for observing freely diffusing molecules but poor for detecting single molecules, whereas the reverse is true for zero-mode waveguides. Plus, these and other techniques require elaborate (read: expensive) equipment with computerized controls. Sabrina Leslie, Alexander Fields, and Adam Cohen have developed an ingenious (relatively) simple technique that can image freely moving single molecules.

A Simple Method for Inverse Kinematic Analysis of the General 6R Serial Robot

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Xin Shi ◽  
Yu Feng Luo ◽  
Lu Bing Hang ◽  
Ting Li Yang
Keyword(s):  
Kinematic Analysis ◽  
Inverse Kinematics ◽  
Algebraic Method ◽  
Inverse Kinematic ◽  
New Method ◽  
One Dimension ◽  
Parallel Mechanisms ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Inverse Kinematics Problem ◽  
Serial Robot

Because the solution to inverse kinematics problem of the general 5R serial robot is unique and its assembly condition has been derived, a simple effective method for inverse kinematics problem of general 6R serial robot or forward kinematics problem of general 7R single-loop mechanism is presented based on one-dimension searching algorithm. The new method has the following features: (1) Using one-dimension searching algorithm, all the real inverse kinematic solutions are obtained and it has higher computing efficiency; (2) Compared with algebraic method, it has evidently reduced the difficulty of deducing formulas. The principle of the new method can be generalized to kinematic analysis of parallel mechanisms.

Modern approaches to endoscopic hysterectomy

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 98-99
Author(s):  
N. N. Volkov
Keyword(s):  
Blood Loss ◽  
Simple Technique ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
New Method ◽  
Surgical Method ◽  
Uterine Surgery ◽  
Characteristic Features

The new method of radical uterine surgery combining endoscopic approachand minilaparotomy is represented. 105 operative invasions on the uterus were performed using this method. Characteristic features of the surgical method, which was elaborated, are minimum blood loss and tissue injury, simple technique, low requirement of analgetics, fast rehabilitation of patients activity and capacity for work, using common equipments and materials.

Endoscopy in the preservation and restoration of reproductive function

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 90-95
Author(s):  
A. S. Gasparov ◽  
N. I. Volkov ◽  
T. A. Nazarenko
Keyword(s):  
Blood Loss ◽  
Simple Technique ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
New Method ◽  
Surgical Method ◽  
Uterine Surgery ◽  
Preservation And Restoration ◽  
Characteristic Features

The new method of radical uterine surgery combining endoscopic approachand minilaparotomy is represented. 105 operative invasions on the uterus were performed using this method. Characteristic features of the surgical method, which was elaborated, are minimum blood loss and tissue injury, simple technique, low requirement of analgetics, fast rehabilitation of patients activity and capacity for work, using common equipments and materials.

scholarly journals MEVA - a new method of occupational health and safety risk assessment

2019 ◽  
Vol 290 ◽  
pp. 12008
Author(s):  
Doru-Costin Darabont ◽  
Eduard Smîdu ◽  
Alina Trifu ◽  
Vicențiu Ciocîrlea ◽  
Iulian Ivan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Occupational Health ◽  
Deductive Reasoning ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Occupational Health And Safety ◽  
New Method ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Safety Risk

The paper describes a new method of occupational health and safety risk assessment. This method, called MEVA, unlike the old ones, focuses more on reduce or eliminate subjective issues in determining the probability of manifestation of risk factors and is based on a deductive reasoning, with the help of which is studied the chain between two or more events. The novelty of the method consists in combining risk assessment techniques with evaluation of compliance with legal and other requirements, aiming to provide a more objective results of the risk assessment. In the MEVA method, the risk matrix is defined by 5 classes of severity and 5 probability classes, resulting in 5 levels of risk. After quantifying the risk factors, prevention measures are proposed for all the identified risk factors and each partial risk level is recalculated as a result of the proposed measures. The five levels of risk were grouped into three categories: acceptable, tolerable and unacceptable. The MEVA method is a simple method and it can be used for assessing various workplaces, with different characteristics of complexity, activity domain or occupational health and safety recordings.

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