Relationship between Laboratory Abrasion Tests and Service Performance

1949 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 838-862 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. R. Griffith ◽  
E. B. Storey ◽  
J. W. D. Barkley ◽  
F. M. McGilvray
Keyword(s):  
Abrasion Resistance ◽  
National Research Council ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Viscous Material ◽  
The Road ◽  
Canadian National Research Council ◽  
Air Jet ◽  
Engineering Department ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Department Of National Defence

Abstract In development work on GR-S commercial recapping compounds originated in 1943 by the Directorate of Mechanical Engineering, Department of National Defence, Ottawa, Canada, in which an attempt was made to correlate road performance with physical properties as determined in the laboratory, it was found that no relationship whatever existed between the results of road tests carried out under the supervision of that directorate and standard laboratory abrasion resistance tests carried out in the Canadian National Research Council Rubber Laboratory at Ottawa. In the laboratory test the sandpaper in the abrasion machine became coated with a smear of tacky viscous material which the air jet was unable to remove. Under these conditions the rubber tends to slide over the sandpaper surface, with relatively little actual abrasion of the rubber. The effect remains even after a considerable overcure of the sample. It was felt that the removal of the tacky viscous material from vulcanized GR-S by extraction might give more reliable abrasion resistance results, inasmuch as, on the road, rubber is constantly coming in contact with a new surface and such viscous material is thus being continually removed as it migrates to the surface of the rubber. From this point of view, then, the tread surface while being abraded on the road may be looked upon as extracted rubber and may be considered as conforming closely to the extracted laboratory specimen.

On the Road to SME Sector Development in Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
pp. 480-499
Author(s):  
Syed Abidur Rahman ◽  
Noor Hazlina Ahmad ◽  
Seyedeh Khadijeh Taghizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
The Road ◽  
Multidisciplinary Study ◽  
The Social ◽  
On The Road

Entrepreneurship has been deliberated as multidimensional and multidisciplinary study. From the economic point of view entrepreneurship is the central force for economic development for any nation. Scholars and policy makers now have started to see entrepreneurship as panacea for inclusive growth. Entrepreneurships are most widely popular and discussed area. Study on small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) has been maturing for the last decade as it has been regarded as significant player for the social development along with the economic development. In Bangladesh, SMEs account for a large proportion of the total establishments in various sectors. Considering the importance of the SME sector in Bangladesh, this study intends to explore and sketch-out the landscape of current SME setting in Bangladesh. With this aim the study has extensively carried out literature review, observed and understood the secondary data obtained from various organizations, and finally presented a policy driven recommendation (micro and macro level) which would enable to develop the SME sector in a developing country like Bangladesh.

scholarly journals Analysis of Traffic Evolution on Road Networks of a Roundabout

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Tolesa Hundesa Muleta ◽  
Legesse Lemecha Obsu
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Road Networks ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Traffic Dynamics ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Detailed Mathematical Analysis ◽  
Control Traffic

In this paper, the analyses of traffic evolution on the road network of a roundabout having three entrances and three exiting legs are conducted from macroscopic point of view. The road networks of roundabouts are modeled as a merging and diverging types 1×2 and 2×1 junctions. To study traffic evolution at junction, two cases have been considered, namely, demand and supply limited cases. In each case, detailed mathematical analysis and numerical tests have been presented. The analysis in the case of demand limited showed that rarefaction wave fills the portion of the road network in time. In the contrary, in supply limited case, traffic congestion occurs at merging junctions and shock wave propagating back results in reducing the performance of a roundabout to control traffic dynamics. Also, we illustrate density and flux profiles versus space discretization at different time steps via numerical simulation with the help of Godunov scheme.

scholarly journals On the development of educational programs in the field of road safety in General and Supplementary education

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
M.V. Doronina
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Educational Programs ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Supplementary Education ◽  
The Road ◽  
Age Related ◽  
At Risk Children ◽  
Learning Programs ◽  
On The Road

The article presents some approaches to the development of educational programs in the field of road safety in General and Supplementary education of children and adolescents. It addresses some learning programs for children, adolescents and parents that are proved to be highly effective for teaching safe behaviour on the road. This article also focuses on the analysis of the features of working with "at-risk" children and teenagers with behavior problems-as a special social and age related category, exposed to the greatest risk in terms of traffic environment. The article focuses on the characteristics of attitudes typical for children and adolescents from the point of view of safety on the road, and it also outlines possible actions to develop integrated training and prophylaxis programs for this age group

scholarly journals Pedestrian-safer IoT-based Smart Crossing System with Object Tracking

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1948-1953
Keyword(s):  
Object Tracking ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Road Crossing ◽  
The Internet Of Things ◽  
Populous Country

In the field of technical research the Internet of Things (IoT) has become an interesting topic. The device is interconnected over the internet. We usually think of IoT in terms of independently owned cars and smart homes, but in extreme practical matters one of the best applications of IoT technology. In many disciplines, IoT is increasing rapidly from a technical point of view, in particular with the smart crossing system. In the meantime, it is a very populous country in Bangladesh. A lot of people cross the street every day. A lot of wide roads are to be crossed in Bangladesh. Even dead troubles. There is a lot of vehicles on the lane. There are many wide roads in Bangladesh that are a lot to cross. Troubles, even dead ones. Many vehicles are on the road. Bangladesh is also a developing country, and the laws of road crossing are not very strict, in which case it is very important to have a pedestrian-safer IoT-based smart crossing system with object tracking. Often people are facing an accident, in particular school children have trouble crossing the road, old people face the same problem. A cost-effective solution to this issue is the key contribution of this paper using a simple framework based on Arduino UNO R3. The device is fully autonomous and can calculate the planned parameters of a pedestrianized IoT-based, smart crossing platform with object tracking in an efficient way. Ultrasonic sensors and one IR sensor were used for measuring the parameters needed for the device. Moreover, in Bangladesh this program is more important and essential. This smart crossing system detects people as well as reduce road accidents.

scholarly journals On the Road to Multiculturalism

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gisela Hoecherl-Alden
Keyword(s):  
National Culture ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
Visual Narratives ◽  
The Road ◽  
Swiss German ◽  
Unique Model ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Road Movies

ON THE ROAD TO MULTICULTURALISM: CHALLENGING CONCEPTS OF NEUTRALITY AND TOLERANCE IN SWISS-GERMAN CIEMA Switzerland, which prides itself on its political neutrality, democratic ethos and multilingualism, has long been celebrated as a unique model for the peaceful co-existence of diverse cultural groups residing within autonomous cantons (see Altermatt et. al. 1998). Yet by exploring the national culture, transgressing boundaries, and mapping life-transforming experiences, three Swiss-German films challenge this commonly accepted image of their nation. Although not road movies in the sense that the primary movement is shot from a vehicle's point of view (see Laderman 2002: 13), the films Die Schweizermacher (The Swissmakers, Switzerland, 1978) by Rolf Lyssy, Reise der Hoffnung (Journey of Hope, Switzerland-Turkey, 1990) by Xavier Koller, and Pastry, Pain and Politics (Switzerland, 1998) by Stina Werenfels nevertheless integrate road imagery and mobility into their political and visual narratives. The journeys undertaken are "a means of cultural...

scholarly journals Design & Control of Low Cost Solar Tree for Optimizing a PV System

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 5622-5626 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Pv System ◽  
The Road ◽  
Energy Demands ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Solar Resource ◽  
And Control

This concept shows the design and control of a solar tree PV system for charging cell phones, supplying electricity for street lighting on open urban areas and charging of electric bike on the road side when the charge is decaying. Based on the above applications, a 7 feet height-tree was built. It has three section of branches, each branches contains 5 sub stem over which leaves made of acrylic with solar panels on the top (1.5 feet × 1feet) mounted. The energy storage capacity is 30 Amp. It has 2 USB ports to connect mobile devices and two 12V-300 W electrical outlets to connect those devices to the electricity. The solar tree was designed according to the environmental conditions of Gunupur, Odisha and for optimizing the output power a flow chart with programming developed. The result was compared with the C language programme. At the last, the PV system's availability to satisfy the energetic requirements was verified. Due to population growth and energy demands, the solar energy is the 2nd best source of non conventional energy which is cause pollution free in nature. By using the concept of the series and parallel connection of panel with the help of sub branch of the main stem the efficiency of the system can be improved. As compared to normal PV system in area point of view the Solar tree becomes more efficient. There is no systematic stimulation for usage of solar panels, purely relying on individual cases of installation on different types of objects. Solar tree may be very much helpful for creating awareness about solar resource. This concept elaborates the possibility of building a solar tree in GIET campus odisha, India, covering technical, social and economic aspects. Benefits and potential drawbacks are elaborated, while special emphasis is given to the specifics of its utilization due to the geographical position of odisha and corresponding number of sunny hours/days per year.

Frogger

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 868-870
Author(s):  
MARK D. WIDOME
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Video Game ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Early Elementary ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Looking Glass ◽  
Schoolage Children

"I see nobody on the road," said Alice. "I only wish I had such eyes," the King remarked in a fretful tone. "To be able to see Nobody! And at that distance too!" —Through the Looking-Glass "Frogger," the video game, is now a classic. The game is played from the frog's point of view. Video frogs must cross the road, negotiating lanes of increasingly hostile traffic. Many frogs get squished. When you run out of frogs, you push the reset button and play again. Rivara,1 in this issue of Pediatrics, reports on an ambitious effort to educate early elementary schoolage children on the rudiments of traffic safety.

Study on Traffic Congestion State Modeling of Urban Road

2010 ◽  
Vol 143-144 ◽  
pp. 419-423
Author(s):  
Min Wang ◽  
Liang Jie Xu
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
New Method ◽  
Railway Station ◽  
Urban Road ◽  
The Road ◽  
Traffic State ◽  
Intersection Analysis ◽  
On The Road

In this paper, from the medi-scope point of view, the intersection parameter is classified as the section parameter, and then the new intersection traffic state coefficient is defined. Based on the reachable matrix, a new method-hierarchical intersection analysis is used to divide the intersections into different crowded levels. Next, crossroad accessibility matrix is developed to distinguish the section connectivity and get the state results of the whole network. Last, we use this method to identify congestion state of the traffic on the road around Wuchang railway station, and the outcome shows the simulation result and the practical state are consistent.

scholarly journals Increasing the uniformity of road surface loading to extend its service life

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-144
Author(s):  
R. V. Andronov ◽  
◽  
B. P. Elkin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Service Life ◽  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Road ◽  
Optimal Value ◽  
Scientific Substantiation ◽  
Research Experiment ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Pilot Implementation

The study reveals the problem of heterogeneous loading of road surfacing with vehicle wheels, which leads to the rapid appearance of rutting on the road within 2-3 years and increases the burden on the budgets of the road sectors of cities, regions and the country. The most cost-effective way of extending the service life of road surfacing is presented, namely, periodic shifting of the rolling strips (PSRS), which has passed the stages of research, experiment and the beginning of pilot implementation, but it has not yet found a wide application. The authors review the materials of research on asphalt concrete on rutting testers, asphalt concrete surfacing on the tracks and beyond them, as a scientific substantiation for engineering innovation. The optimal value of the periodic road markup offset is determined from the point of view of probability theory. It is proposed to actively apply the PSRS method on the roads of cities and regions in different climatic zones.

scholarly journals Perspektif Masyarakat Pengguna Jalan Atas Ojek Online: Sudut Pandang Kemacetan

Media Ekonomi ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Ibram Pinondang Dalimunthe ◽  
Nofryanti Nofryanti
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Taxi Drivers ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Taxi Service ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Motorcycle Taxi ◽  
People’S Perceptions

This study provides an overview and analysis of the perceptions of road users on online motorcycle taxi behavior from the point of view of congestion. The research method uses a descriptive quantitative approach that explains the research objectives. The population of this study is all road users in the Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang and Bekasi areas. The samples used for research are people who have used online motorcycle taxi service facilities, as well as the general public who have views regarding online transportation. Data collection techniques using a questionnaire and distributed to respondents. The results showed that people's perceptions of online motorcycle taxis were able to create safety and comfort for customers, facilitate delivery of goods, be able to take the initiative to find alternative ways to shorten mileage, and affordable online ojek costs for customers. However, on the other hand, respondents said that the existence of online motorcycle taxis can contribute to the level of congestion on the road, respondents agreed that a special shelter should be made for customers and online motorcycle taxi drivers while waiting for orders so as not to interfere with the activities of other road users that have an impact on congestion.

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