Effect of High Pressure on Self Adhesion (Autohesion) of High Polymers

1959 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 527-530
Author(s):  
L. A. Igonin ◽  
Yu V. Ovchinnikov ◽  
S. A. Arzhakov
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Powdered Material ◽  
The Self ◽  
Thermoplastic Polymer ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Press ◽  
Temperature And Pressure ◽  
High Polymers

Abstract The phenomenon of self adhesion of high polymers is one of the very important but little studied properties of these materials. Self adhesion of rubberlike polymers has been studied, but there is little work reported on the self adhesion of thermoplastics. There is, however, no doubt about the importance of the role of this phenomenon in the process of producing products from powdered and granular thermoplastics. The influence of temperature and pressure on the self adhesion of some thermoplastic powders was studied in the present work. The conditions for the formation of a transparent sample were found by pressing the powdered material in a heated cylindrical press. The samples pressed were 10 mm in diameter and 4–5 mm thick. The temperature and pressure were varied over a wide range. The samples were pressed in the following manner: The polymer sample was placed in the cold press and a given pressure was applied; the temperature was then raised to a given value and the sample was held at this temperature for 15 minutes; after cooling the press to 50–60° the pressure was released, the sample was removed from the press and the density to visible light was evaluated visually. When a transparent sample is obtained by pressing the thermoplastic polymer, partial or complete coalescence of the grains of the material takes place with a disappearance of grain boundaries. Under these conditions the strength of the sample may not reach the cohesive strength of the material as has sometimes been assumed.

The Bodily Self

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Luis Bermúdez
Keyword(s):  
Sense Of Self ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Self ◽  
Behavioral Sciences ◽  
Significant Contributor ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Physical Objects ◽  
Selection Of

How can we be aware of ourselves both as physical objects and as thinking, experiencing subjects? What role does the experience of the body play in generating our sense of self? What is the role of action and agency in the construction of the bodily self? These questions have been a rich subject of interdisciplinary debate among philosophers, neuroscientists, experimental psychologists, and cognitive scientists for several decades. José Luis Bermúdez been a significant contributor to these debates since the 1990’s, when he authored The Paradox of Self-Consciousness (MIT Press, 1998) and co-edited The Body and the Self (MIT Press, 1995) with Anthony Marcel and Naomi Eilan. The Bodily Self is a selection of essays all focused on different aspects of the role of the body in self-consciousness, prefaced by a substantial introduction outlining common themes across the essays. The essays have been published in a wide range of journals and edited volumes. Putting them together brings out a wide-ranging, thematically consistent perspective on a set of topics and problems that remain firmly of interest across the cognitive and behavioral sciences.

Genius in France

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Jefferson
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Cultural History ◽  
Medical Literature ◽  
The Self ◽  
Full Account ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Realist Novels ◽  
History Of

This book spans three centuries to provide the first full account of the long and diverse history of genius in France. Exploring a wide range of examples from literature, philosophy, and history, as well as medicine, psychology, and journalism, the book examines the ways in which the idea of genius has been ceaselessly reflected on and redefined through its uses in these different contexts. The book traces its varying fortunes through the madness and imposture with which genius is often associated, and through the observations of those who determine its presence in others. The book considers the modern beginnings of genius in eighteenth-century aesthetics and the works of philosophes such as Diderot. It then investigates the nineteenth-century notion of national and collective genius, the self-appointed role of Romantic poets as misunderstood geniuses, the recurrent obsession with failed genius in the realist novels of writers like Balzac and Zola, the contested category of female genius, and the medical literature that viewed genius as a form of pathology. The book shows how twentieth-century views of genius narrowed through its association with IQ and child prodigies, and discusses the different ways major theorists—including Sartre, Barthes, Derrida, and Kristeva—have repudiated and subsequently revived the concept. The book brings a fresh approach to French intellectual and cultural history, and to the burgeoning field of genius studies.

A New Experimental Evaluation Technology for Foaming Agent in High Temperature and High Pressure Formation

2014 ◽  
Vol 962-965 ◽  
pp. 877-882
Author(s):  
Guang Qiang Cao ◽  
Yun Wang ◽  
Nan Li
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Experimental Evaluation ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Gas Field ◽  
Foaming Agent ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Temperature And Pressure

Foaming deliquification is one of the most widely used technologies in the development of water production gas field. The key of this technology is the experimental optimization or develop the foaming agent suitable for gas field. With the development of a large number of high temperature and high pressure gas field, foam experimental evaluation methods used at present can not satisfy the temperature range of high temperature and high pressure evaluation requirements, in this case, used the Ross-Miles foam evaluation method as the foundation, built a new experimental evaluation method for foaming agent. Through an example, analyzes the influence of temperature and pressure on the foaming agent performance.

scholarly journals Explosives at Extreme Conditions: Polymorphism of 2,4-Dinitroanisole

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (a1) ◽  
pp. C896-C896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Coster ◽  
Craig Henderson ◽  
Steven Hunter ◽  
William Marshall ◽  
Colin Pulham
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Energetic Materials ◽  
Variable Temperature ◽  
Energetic Material ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Temperature And Pressure ◽  
First Time ◽  
Pressure Phase ◽  
Kinetic Form

2,4-dinitroanisole (DNAN) is an energetic material, developed as an insensitive replacement for TNT in melt-cast explosive formulations. While DNAN-based formulations demonstrate greatly reduced sensitivity to accidental initiation compared to those using TNT, issues remain with the replacement of TNT with DNAN. For instance, DNAN based formulations have demonstrated catastrophic levels of irreversible growth during heat-cycling, with volume increases of up to 15% reported. [1] In order to investigate the role of polymorphism in the irreversible growth of DNAN, high-pressure and variable-temperature neutron and x-ray diffraction studies have been performed. Two polymorphs of DNAN have been found to exist at ambient temperature and pressure, the thermodynamic form, DNAN-I, and the kinetic form, DNAN-II.[2,3] The phase diagrams of both form-I and -II of DNAN have been explored for the first time. In the case of DNAN-II, two high-pressure phase transitions were found. DNAN-II initially transformed to DNAN-III, which at higher pressures transformed to DNAN-IV. In addition, variable temperature studies demonstrated that the DNAN-II to DNAN-III transition also occurs when DNAN-II is cooled below room temperature. The thermal expansion of the DNAN-II/III lattice was investigated from 150K to 363K, demonstrating that an abrupt change in the thermal behaviour of lattice parameters occurs at the DNAN-II/III transition. From these combined crystallographic studies, the structure of DNAN-III has been solved, showing it is closely related to DNAN-II. In the case of DNAN-I, high-pressure neutron powder diffraction studies demonstrated that it transforms to a new form (DNAN-V) that is distinct from DNAN-II,-III or -IV. Rietveld refinement of the high-pressure DNAN-I data also determined that the material exhibits negative linear compressibility, which is of interest given the use of DNAN as a shock-insensitive energetic material. Comparison of the behaviour of DNAN-I and –II under variable temperature and high-pressure conditions indicates that the kinetic form, DNAN-II, is the denser phase under all conditions studied. This work highlights the importance of crystallographic techniques in order to understand the polymorphism of energetic materials.

Mechanistic role of nucleobases in self-cleavage catalysis of hairpin ribozyme at ambient versus high-pressure conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (32) ◽  
pp. 20886-20898 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narendra Kumar ◽  
Dominik Marx
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
The Self ◽  
Replica Exchange ◽  
Hairpin Ribozyme

Extensive replica exchange simulations at ambient as well as high-pressure conditions provide mechanistic insights into the self-cleavage catalysis reaction of hairpin ribozyme.

scholarly journals MOCKING NATION BUILDING AND IDENTITY. AN ANALYSIS OF CARICATURES IN HUNGARIAN, ROMANIAN, SERBIAN, AND SLOVAK SATIRICAL PERIODICALS IN THE MID TO LATE NINETEENTH CENTURY

2020 ◽  
pp. 150-182
Author(s):  
ÁGNES TAMÁS
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Building Process ◽  
The Press ◽  
Historical Memories ◽  
Definition Of

This paper aims to present a comparative analysis of caricatures published in Hungarian (Üstökös, Borsszem Jankó), Serbian (Bič, Vrač pogađač), Romanian (Gur’a Satului), and Slovak (Černokňažník) satirical press in Hungary in the second half of the nineteenth century. The depth of the connection between identity, nation building, and humour will be demonstrated. Theories of nationalism often emphasise the primacy of the role of the press and of print media in nation building processes. To investigate this, humorous printed sources have been selected. The comparison utilises and complements Anthony D. Smith’s definition of the ethnic core and reflects on Christie Davies’ theory of ethnic humour. Tethered by these concepts, the analysis of the caricatures investigates the following aspects: names for the Self and the Other, elements of culture and tradition (languages, habits, religions, supposed characteristics, clothing and bodily features), symbols of the Self and the Other, historical memories and myths of the common ancestry of the Self and the Other, and the definitions of “our” vs. “their” territory and homeland. This analysis reveals that the stereotypes observed in satirical magazines and the images of the Other and of the Self depicted through the use of humorous or ironic techniques can be effectively distinguished and connected to the nation building process and to the process of shaping “enemies”.

scholarly journals Puerarin Suppresses the Self-Renewal of Murine Embryonic Stem Cells by Inhibition of REST-MiR-21 Regulatory Pathway

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 527-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengmeng Yin ◽  
Yin Yuan ◽  
Yurong Cui ◽  
Xian Hong ◽  
Hongyan Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
The Self ◽  
Cardiac Differentiation ◽  
Regulatory Pathway ◽  
Self Renewal ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Mes Cells

Background/Aims: Puerarin shows a wide range of biological activities, including affecting the cardiac differentiation from murine embryonic stem (mES) cells. However, little is known about its effect and mechanism of action on the self-renewal of mES cells. This study aimed to determine the effect of puerarin on the self-renewal and pluripotency of mES cells and its underlying mechanisms. Methods: RT-PCR and real-time PCR were used to detect the transcripts of core transcription factors, specific markers for multiple lineages, REST and microRNA-21 (miR-21). Colony-forming assay was performed to estimate the self-renewal capacity of mES cells. Western blotting and wortmannin were employed to explore the role of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in the inhibitory action of puerarin on REST transcript. Transfected mES cells with antagomir21 were used to confirm the role of miR-21 in the action of puerarin on cell self-renewal. Results: Puerarin significantly decreased the percentage of the self-renewal colonies, and suppressed the transcripts of Oct4, Nanog, Sox2, c-Myc and REST. Besides, PECAM, NCAM and miR-21 were up-regulated both under the self-renewal conditions and at day 4 of differentiation. The PI3K inhibitor wortmannin successfully reversed the mRNA expression changes of REST, Nanog and Sox2. Transfection of antagomir21 efficiently reversed the effects of puerarin on mES cells self-renewal. Conclusion: Inhibition of REST-miR-21 regulatory pathway may be the key mechanism of puerarin-induced suppression of mES cells self-renewal.

The role of the self in creative expression

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin Donnelly ◽  
Radmila Prislin ◽  
Ryan Nicholls
Keyword(s):  
Creative Expression ◽  
The Self
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