Oxidative Decomposition of the Ozonide of Butadiene Rubber

1959 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 288-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. I. Yakubchik ◽  
N. G. Kasatkina ◽  
G. I. Demidova ◽  
G. B. Fedorova

Abstract 1. Among the products of oxidative decomposition with acetyl hydroperoxide of the ozonide of butadiene rubber (prepared at 5°) are levulinic, formic, succinic, 1,2,4-butanetricarboxylic, 1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic and l,x,y,6-hexanetetracarboxylic acids. Levulinic acid could be formed by isomerization of 1,4-1)2-1,4-chains of the rubber macromolecule and by partial decarboxylation of β-ketoadipic acid, as well as by the peroxy-formate rearrangement in presence of acetyl hydroperoxide. 1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid is more likely to be formed from 1,4-1,4-chains branched at the α -methylene group, or from 1,4-1,2-1,4-chains in which the double bonds had undergone suitable rearrangement, rather than as a result of secondary reactions during oxidative breakdown of the ozonide. 1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid was also detected among the products of ozonolysis obtained under mild conditions of breakdown. 2. Products of oxidative breakdown of the ozonide of the rubber in question with hydrogen peroxide were acetic, formic, succinic, 1,2,4-butanetricarboxylic, 1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic and 1,x,y,6-hexanetetracarboxylic acids. Acetic acid could have been formed from 1,4-1,4-portions of the rubber molecule branched at the α -methylene group, as well as from isomerized 1,4-1,2-1,4-portions.

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 2436-2447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianming Chen ◽  
Marc de Liedekerke Beaufort ◽  
Lucas Gyurik ◽  
Joren Dorresteijn ◽  
Matthias Otte ◽  
...  

A highly efficient catalytic epoxidation of vegetable oils under mild conditions was developed, using a homogeneous Mn catalyst and H2O2 as oxidant.


RSC Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (55) ◽  
pp. 32130-32136
Author(s):  
Lu Liang ◽  
Jianjun Dong ◽  
Dongmei Yue

Epoxide nitrile butadiene rubber (ENBR) was prepared via in situ epoxidation from nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) with acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide.


1938 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 438-438
Author(s):  
E. Kheraskova ◽  
E. Korsunskaya

Abstract The conventional methods for the direct determination of rubber cannot be used for determining natural rubber in the presence of sodium-butadiene rubber. These methods are based either on precipitation of the rubber from solution or on the determination, by one method or another, of the double bonds in the rubber molecule. Since natural rubber and synthetic rubber differ in their solubilities but little, the method of precipitation obviously cannot be used for their separation. Nor are methods which involve determining the double bonds adequate to distinguish them, because both kinds of rubber are unsaturated compounds. It was therefore of interest to develop a method of analysis based on the determination of the methyl groups, which are present only in the natural rubber molecule. Kuhn and L'Orsa (Z. angew. Chem., 44, 847 (1931)) have shown that, in the oxidation of organic compounds, a methyl group connected with a carbon atom is partially oxidized to acetic acid. The object was to develop this reaction into a method of rubber analysis by establishing the optimum conditions for the quantitative oxidation to acetic acid of all the methyl groups in the rubber hydrocarbon.


1942 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 965-977
Author(s):  
F. Hilton

Abstract In the course of a study of the autoöxidation of natural rubber and of low-molecular olefins of allied structure, it has been necessary to ascertain the nature and relative proportions of the functional groups to which the ingoing oxygen may give rise. Up to the present it has been established that the products of autoöxidation reactions are in general highly complex mixtures, and that even such simple olefins as dihydromyrcene and cyclohexene may give rise to molecules which bear a varied assortment of hydroperoxide, alcoholic hydroxyl, epoxide and carbonyl groups. Available evidence further indicates that the primary products of autoöxidation are hydroperoxides, formed by the reaction of oxygen at methylene groups adjacent to double bonds, and that it is the secondary reactions which these hydroperoxides undergo which are responsible, directly or indirectly, for the formation of the other oxygen-containing groups which have been observed. Molecules of rubber hydrocarbon contain, on an average, several thousand methylene groups adjacent to double bonds. Each such methylene group is at least the potential seat of oxidative attack, and it might be anticipated that if the autoöxidation of rubber proceeds in a manner analogous to that of simpler olefins, the products of reaction would be extremely complex and that they might contain any or all of the following functional groups


2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmat Deniz Turan ◽  
Musa Sarikaya ◽  
Z. Abidin Sari ◽  
Ahmet Haxhiaj ◽  
Tolga Depci ◽  
...  

1991 ◽  
Vol 56 (12) ◽  
pp. 2917-2935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Klinotová ◽  
Václav Křeček ◽  
Jiří Klinot ◽  
Miloš Buděšínský ◽  
Jaroslav Podlaha ◽  
...  

3β-Acetoxy-21,22-dioxo-18α,19βH-ursan-28,20β-olide (IIIa) reacts with acetic anhydride in pyridine under very mild conditions affording β-lactone IVa and γ-lactones Va and VIIa as condensation products. On reaction with pyridine, lactones Va and VIIa undergo elimination of acetic acid to give unsaturated lactones VIIIa and IXa, respectively. Similarly, the condensation of 20β,28-epoxy-21,22-dioxo-18α,19βH-ursan-3β-yl acetate (IIIb) with acetic anhydride leads to β-lactone IVb and γ-lactone Vb; the latter on heating with pyridine affords unsaturated lactone VIIIb and 21-methylene-22-ketone Xb. The structure of the obtained compounds was derived using spectral methods, particularly 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy; structure of lactone IVa was confirmed by X-ray diffraction.


Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 822
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Mlostoń ◽  
Jakub Wręczycki ◽  
Katarzyna Urbaniak ◽  
Dariusz M. Bieliński ◽  
Heinz Heimgartner

Fluoride anion was demonstrated as a superior activator of elemental sulfur (S8) to perform sulfurization of thioketones leading to diverse sulfur-rich heterocycles. Due to solubility problems, reactions must be carried out either in THF using tetrabutylammonium fluoride (TBAF) or in DMF using cesium fluoride (CsF), respectively. The reactive sulfurizing reagents are in situ generated, nucleophilic fluoropolysulfide anions FS(8−x)−, which react with the C=S bond according to the carbophilic addition mode. Dithiiranes formed thereby, existing in an equilibrium with the ring-opened form (diradicals/zwitterions) are key-intermediates, which undergo either a step-wise dimerization to afford 1,2,4,5-tetrathianes or an intramolecular insertion, leading in the case of thioxo derivatives of 2,2,4,4-tetramethylcyclobutane-1,3-dione to ring enlarged products. In reactions catalyzed by TBAF, water bounded to fluoride anion via H-bridges and forming thereby its stable hydrates is involved in secondary reactions leading, e.g., in the case of 2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-3-thioxocyclobutanone to the formation of some unexpected products such as the ring enlarged dithiolactone and ring-opened dithiocarboxylate. In contrast to thioketones, the fluoride anion catalyzed sulfurization of their α,β-unsaturated analogues, i.e., thiochalcones is slow and inefficient. However, an alternative protocol with triphenylphosphine (PPh3) applied as a catalyst, offers an attractive approach to the synthesis of 3H-1,2-dithioles via 1,5-dipolar electrocyclization of the in situ-generated α,β-unsaturated thiocabonyl S-sulfides. All reactions occur under mild conditions and can be considered as attractive methods for the preparation of sulfur rich heterocycles with diverse ring-size.


2021 ◽  
Vol 170 ◽  
pp. 113820
Author(s):  
Hong Liao ◽  
Jiaxin You ◽  
Peiyao Wen ◽  
Wenjun Ying ◽  
Qianqian Yang ◽  
...  

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 (16) ◽  
pp. 2427-2430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Zhang ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
Yuelei Gao ◽  
Xianxiu Xu

An Ag-catalyzed formal [3+2]-cycloaddition of α-trifluoromethylated methyl isocyanides with polar double bonds has been developed for the expeditious synthesis of trifluoromethylated oxazolines, imidazolines and pyrrolines under mild conditions.


2011 ◽  
Vol 396-398 ◽  
pp. 2338-2341
Author(s):  
Xing Chuan Wei ◽  
Zhi Li Liu ◽  
Kun Zhang ◽  
Zhi Yun Du ◽  
Xi Zheng

In this paper, (2E,6E)-2,6-Bis(2,3,4-tri-methoxy -benzylidene)cyclohexanone (omitted as tmbcho) (1) was obtained by the reaction of acetic acid, tetrahydrofuran, cyclohexanone and 2,3,4-tri-methoxy-benzaldehyde. Three non-classic hydrogen bonds were observed in the compound. X-ray crystallography shows that the crystal structure is stabilized by intermolecular C-H•••π interactions and it contains plenty of conjugated double bonds. The title compound was characterized by UV-vis and fluorescent spectral studies.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document