Some Observations on the Flex-Cracking Characteristics of GR-S (BUNA-S) Compounds

1943 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 901-909
Author(s):  
Joseph Breckley
Keyword(s):  
Crack Growth ◽  
Test Data ◽  
Test Piece ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Constant Depth ◽  
Grooved Surface ◽  
Cracking Characteristics ◽  
The Many ◽  
Made In

Abstract Probably the most serious defect of GR-S rubber is its poor resistance to flex-cracking, and much research has been conducted in an effort to improve this characteristic. Among the many tests employed in the study of rubber is the bend-flexing method, using the De Mattia apparatus, as described in A.S.T.M. Method D430-35T. However, when GR-S vulcanizates were flexed according to the standard procedure, erratic results were obtained. In an effort to secure more reproducible test data, a study was made of the crack growth that proceeded from small nicks made initially in the surface of the sample. Some difficulty was encountered in making a nick of uniform dimensions until a procedure was developed whereby a pinhole about 0.025 inch in diameter and approximately 0.05 inch deep was made in the center of the grooved surface of the test-piece. The hole was made by a pointed piece of steel, shielded so that it could penetrate the sample only to a constant depth. When the samples were prepared in this manner, the crack growth which extended from the hole during flexing was fairly uniform, and the results were reproducible within rather close limits.

A Handbook to Eddic Poetry: Myths and Legends of Early Scandinavia, ed. Carolyne Larrington, Judy Quinn, and Brittany Schorn. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2016, xii, 413 pp., 12 b/w ill.

Mediaevistik ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 366-366
Author(s):  
Albrecht Classen
Keyword(s):  
Old Norse ◽  
Entire Volume ◽  
Cambridge University ◽  
Critical Studies ◽  
Individual Contributions ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Made In ◽  
Scandinavian Literature

Eddic poetry constitutes one of the most important genres in Old Norse or Scandinavian literature and has been studied since the earliest time of modern-day philology. The progress we have made in that field is impressive, considering the many excellent editions and translations, not to mention the countless critical studies in monographs and articles. Nevertheless, there is always a great need to revisit, to summarize, to review, and to digest the knowledge gained so far. The present handbook intends to address all those goals and does so, to spell it out right away, exceedingly well. But in contrast to traditional concepts, the individual contributions constitute fully developed critical article, each with a specialized topic elucidating it as comprehensively as possible, and concluding with a section of notes. Those are kept very brief, but the volume rounds it all off with an inclusive, comprehensive bibliography. And there is also a very useful index at the end. At the beginning, we find, following the table of contents, a list of the contributors, unfortunately without emails, a list of translations and abbreviations of the titles of Eddic poems in the Codex Regius and then elsewhere, and a very insightful and pleasant introduction by Carolyne Larrington. She briefly introduces the genre and then summarizes the essential points made by the individual authors. The entire volume is based on the Eddic Network established by the three editors in 2012, and on two workshops held at St. John’s College, Oxford in 2013 and 2014.

Evidence-based Assessment

2010 ◽  
pp. 76-98
Author(s):  
John Hunsley ◽  
Eric J. Mash
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Assessment ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
The Past ◽  
Specific Assessment ◽  
The Many ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Made In

Evidence-based assessment relies on research and theory to inform the selection of constructs to be assessed for a specific assessment purpose, the methods and measures to be used in the assessment, and the manner in which the assessment process unfolds. An evidence-based approach to clinical assessment necessitates the recognition that, even when evidence-based instruments are used, the assessment process is a decision-making task in which hypotheses must be iteratively formulated and tested. In this chapter, we review (a) the progress that has been made in developing an evidence-based approach to clinical assessment in the past decade and (b) the many challenges that lie ahead if clinical assessment is to be truly evidence-based.

The Technique of the Boyne Carvings

1956 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 156-159
Author(s):  
O. G. S. Crawford
Keyword(s):  
Presidential Address ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
East Anglia ◽  
Actual Design ◽  
The Many ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Vast Range ◽  
Made In

The prudent contributor to a Festschrift will select some subject about which he thinks he knows as much as the professor who is to receive it. That is peculiarly difficult here because of the vast range of Professor Childe's knowledge, both in time and space, far exceeding the present contributor's. This Note is offered as a grateful tribute from one of the many who have been intellectually enriched by his writings and encouraged by his devotion to scholarship. It is little more than an amplification and criticism of the Abbé Breuil's classic Presidential Address to the Prehistoric Society of East Anglia, delivered in 1934; but on the strength of observations made in August and September, 1955, I have come to different conclusions.The Abbé Breuil detected five successive techniques, all of them found on the stones of the Boyne Tombs:(1) Incised thin lines (pl. XIX, B).(2) Picked grooves left rough (pl. XVIII).(3, a) Picked grooves afterwards rubbed smooth; in this and the preceding group ‘it is invariably the line (groove) itself on which the pattern depends, which gives and is the design’.(3, b) Picked areas which ‘only define the limits of the pattern, the surface, left in relief by the cutting down of the background, constituting the actual design’ (pl. xx, B).(4) Rectilinear patterns where also the pattern is residual, consisting of raised ribs, forming triangles or lozenges, left standing by picking away the surrounding surface (pl. xx, A).

Closing Remarks

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (S367) ◽  
pp. 515-517
Author(s):  
Debra Meloy Elmegreen
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Education Research ◽  
Strategic Plan ◽  
Astronomy Education ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Many ◽  
Collaborative Efforts ◽  
Made In

AbstractThis symposium has highlighted key first steps made in addressing many goals of the IAU Strategic Plan for 2020–2030. Presentations on initiatives regarding education, with applications to development, outreach, equity, inclusion, big data, and heritage, are briefly summarized here. The many projects underway for the public, for students, for teachers, and for astronomers doing astronomy education research provide a foundation for future collaborative efforts, both regionally and globally.

Legislation as Vulnerability Factor

2006 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-89
Author(s):  
Jorge Gavidia ◽  
Annalisa Crivellari
Keyword(s):  
Dominican Republic ◽  
Central America ◽  
Disaster Management ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Hurricane Mitch ◽  
Normative Framework ◽  
The Many ◽  
Civil Defence ◽  
Interconnected Structure ◽  
Made In

A study conducted in Central America in 2003 shows that in the aftermath of Hurricane Mitch noticeable progress was made in introducing new legislation for disaster management, understood as covering the whole cycle from prevention, preparedness and relief, to reconstruction. The new legislation includes civil defence or disaster management laws and regulations to improve their effectiveness in responding to the threat of natural disasters. A similar situation can be observed in other countries like Cuba and the Dominican Republic. The study looks into existing urban and municipal laws, regulations and planning guidelines to assess the extent to which they respond to vulnerability reduction criteria. This paper focuses on aspects of prevention and risk reduction. An attempt was made to look into the complementarities and gaps between the two sets of regulations for disaster management and for municipal/urban management. It is found that despite the many elements of good practice included in them, the links between these instruments are weak or absent on issues ranging from planning to the actual supervision of interventions on the built environment. Thus, the main elements of the edifice were there, but they did not constitute a solid, interconnected, structure, therefore, bound to fail under the loads imposed by rapid urbanisation, speculation, emergencies and weak governance structures. Institutions are often left to fend themselves in discharging their tasks. Without a coherent normative framework, and the capacity to apply it, their work is primarily driven by institutional initiative, leading to problems of underperformance, overlaps, gaps, and non-constructive competition. Thus, the institutional setup and normative framework become important factors in increasing vulnerability, as real as a building with the wrong foundations. The article reviews the mentioned aspects drawing from the experience in Central America, Cuba and Dominican Republic.

On the Chloride Waters of Great Britain

1945 ◽  
Vol 82 (6) ◽  
pp. 267-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
The South ◽  
Very Old ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Exact Position ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Village ◽  
Made In

Formerly there were several surface brine springs in the North-East Coalfield; to-day there are none. From the many accounts of their occurrence nothing has been learned of their exact position, and very little of the composition of their waters. The earliest record, made in 1684, described the Butterby spring (Todd, 1684), and then at various times during the next two centuries brine springs at Framwellgate, Lumley, Birtley, Walker, Wallsend, Hebburn, and Jarrow were noted. In particular the Birtley salt spring is often mentioned, and on the 6-in. Ordnance map, Durham No. 13, 1862 edition, it is sited to the south-east of the village. Although no record has been found there must have been either a brine spring or well at Gateshead, for the name of the present-day suburb, Saltwell, is very old, and brine springs are still active in the coal workings of that area.

scholarly journals The eye of the architect. Le Corbusier and the photograph: demonstrate, learn, remember

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annarita Teodosio
Keyword(s):  
Visual Arts ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Le Corbusier ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Representation Of Architecture ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Many ◽  
Siglo Xx ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Made In

Abstract: The relationship between Le Corbusier and the visual arts (drawing, photography and cinema) is deep and complex and, although the subject of numerous publications and research since the late 60s, still arouses much interest, as evidenced by the many events organized in the last years - "Le Corbusier. Vue sur la mer ", Maison La Roche, Paris, 2012; "Construire the image: Le Corbusier et la Photographie", Musée des Beaux-Arts, the Chaux-de-Fonds, 2013; or the recent "Le Corbusier and photography", IUAV, Venice, May 2015-. The paper, starting out from the researches already developed, proposes a further reflection on the relationship between the Swiss architect and the photography, paying particular interest to the shooting made in first person. The study analyzes the different approaches and the different subjects photographed in the course of his life and it is proposed to include the work of Le Corbusier in the broader cultural context of the twentieth century, a period in which the relationship between architecture and visual communication, thanks to the many possibilities offered by technological innovations, it becomes increasingly close and inevitable. Resumen: La relación entre Le Corbusier y las artes visuales (dibujo, fotografía y cine) es profunda y articulada y, aunque es objeto de numerosas publicaciones y investigaciónes desde el finales de los años 60es, todavía despierta mucho interés, como lo demuestran los diversos eventos realizados en los últimos años - “Le Corbusier. Vue sur la mer”, Maison La Roche, Parìs, 2012; “Construire l’image: Le Corbusier et la photographie”, Musée des Beaux-Arts, la Chaux-de-Fonds, 2013; o la más reciente “Le Corbusier e la fotografia”, IUAV , Venezia, mayo 2015-. El articulo, a partir desde investigación ya desarrollado, propone una reflexión más sobre la relación entre el arquitecto suizo y la fotografía, prestando especial interés a las realizata en primera persona. El estudio analiza los diferentes enfoques y diferentes sujetos fotografiados en el curso de su vida y se propone de insertar la obra de Le Corbusier en el contexto cultural más amplio del siglo XX, un período en el que la relación entre la arquitectura y la comunicación visual, gracias a las muchas posibilidades que ofrecen las innovaciones tecnológicas, se vuelve cada vez más estrecha e inevitable.  Keywords: Le Corbusier; photography; representation of architecture. Palabras clave: Le Corbusier; fotografia; representaciones de la arquitectura. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/LC2015.2015.947

scholarly journals Optimization of the process of steel strip perforation and nickel platting for the purpose of elimination of trichloroethylene from the cleaning process of perforated steel strip

2009 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-60
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Petrovic ◽  
Slavica Glisic
Keyword(s):  
Organic Solvent ◽  
Steel Strip ◽  
Cleaning Process ◽  
Used Oil ◽  
Additional Heating ◽  
Steel Strips ◽  
The Many ◽  
Made In

In the production of pocket type electrodes for Ni-Cd batteries perforation of proper steel strips and then nickel platting of perforated steel strips were made. In the nickel platting process, the organic solvent, trichloroethylene, has previously been used for cleaning. Due to the carcinogenic nature of trichloroethylene and the many operations previously required during cleaning, it was considered to do cleaning of perforated steel strips without use of the mentioned organic solvent. In the purpose of elimination of trichloroethylene from the cleaning process of perforated steel strips, the tests of perforation of steel strips with use of oils of different viscosity were made. It was shown that there was no dysfunction during the work of the perforation plants, meaning there was no additional heating of the strips, deterring of the steel filings, nor excessive wearing of the perforation apparatus. The perforation percent was the same irrelevant of the viscosity of the used oil. Before being perforated using the oils with different viscosity, the nickel platting steel strips were cleaned in different degreasers (based on NaOH as well as on KOH). It was shown that efficient cleaning without the use of trichloroethylene is possible with the use of oil with smaller viscosity in the perforated steel strips process and the degreaser based on KOH in the cleaning process, before nickel platting. It also appeared that the alkali degreaser based on KOH was more efficient, bath corrections were made less often and the working period of the baths was longer, which all in summary means less quantity of chemicals needed for degreasing of perforated steel strips.

scholarly journals The graffiti art and the discover of the Keith Haring’s mural in Amsterdam

2020 ◽  
pp. 236-249
Author(s):  
Caterina Soliani
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Collective Memory ◽  
Street Art ◽  
Art World ◽  
Continuous Growth ◽  
The World ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Many ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
Made In

The purpose of this work is to contribute to the continuous growth of the art world (Street Art in particular) and to discuss how it is essential for the discovery of artists. These artists have been pioneers and forerunners of new pictorial techniques, freeing creative and psychological flair, and combining the latter with the artistic technology that promises great things despite limited materials.  The intention of this article is to consider the elements of artistic expression that are less commonly subject to discussion, such as the world of Street Art. This form of artwork has not always been understood or accepted, with street artists waiting for the opportune moment to express the narrative, experiences, and emotions of society through their artwork, a power that unites sentiment and encourages change.  It is art which affects the community, the population and society. It is designed above all others to become part of the collective memory through violence of image and colour.  This project led me to come into contact with one of the many artistic artefacts of the Street Art movement, the Keith Haring’s mural in Amsterdam, a piece that makes me. understand and appreciate the problems inherent to these type of works, simple, synthetic, but never simplistic.  Therefore, a project, a study and a restoration hypothesis were conducted on one of the many works by Haring. The purpose of this was to shed light once again on the mural made in 1986 by the artist, situated in the Groothandeles Market of Amsterdam. No longer visible for thirty years, the mural was covered by insulation panels placed two years after its creation. With professors Antonio Rava and William Shank, the association Keith Haring Foundation of New York, the Stedelijk Museum of Amsterdam, in collaboration with the gallery Vroom & Varossieau, specialised in road art, on 8 June, the large metal sheet panels were removed and one of the greatest murals by Haring could once again be admired.

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