Novel Wet-Process Silica Prepared from Alkyl Silicates. Part I: Synthesis

1985 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 939-952 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Lutz ◽  
Keith E. Polmanteer ◽  
Harry L. Chapman
Keyword(s):  
Simple Procedure ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Silicone Elastomers ◽  
Wet Process ◽  
Silica Filler ◽  
Surface Character ◽  
Treatment Agent ◽  
One Step ◽  
Optical Applications ◽  
By Products

Abstract A simple procedure for preparing a silica filler possessing both the necessary structure and surface character to be useful as a reinforcing filler for silicone elastomers has been developed. The novel, one-step process involves hydrolysis and condensation of alkyl silicates in the presence of a silica surface treatment agent exemplified as follows: (see PDF for diagram) Only easily recycled by-products are generated during the synthesis of the new WPH silica. Performance of the resultant WPH silica filler in reinforcing silicone elastomers will be discussed in detail in Part II of this series, while their use in silicone elastomers for optical applications will be described in Part III.

Novel Wet Process Silica Prepared from Alkyl Silicates. Part III: Use in Silicone Elastomers for Optical Applications

1985 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 965-972 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith E. Polmanteer ◽  
Harry L. Chapman ◽  
Michael A. Lutz
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Change ◽  
Silicone Elastomer ◽  
Refractive Indices ◽  
Silicone Elastomers ◽  
Wet Process ◽  
Elastomeric Material ◽  
Specific Temperature ◽  
Optical Applications ◽  
High Consistency ◽  
Silica Synthesis

Abstract The first two papers of this three-part series of papers dealing with a novel wet-process hydrophobic (WPH) silica technology covered the silica synthesis (Part I) and reinforcement performance (Part II) respectively. The WPH silica was highly reinforcing and provided optically clear compositions as well. The first optically clear, high consistency silicone elastomer was developed in the midnineteen fifties by Polmanteer et al., using different technology from that described in this paper. Optical clarity was accomplished in the earlier work by matching the refractive indices of the filler and polymer at 25°C, making them isorefractive at this specific temperature. This paper will discuss the unique features of this new silica technology as it relates to optically clear silicone elastomers. The term, optically clear, in the context of this paper refers to an elastomeric material, 2.54 mm in thickness, that exhibits less than 4% haze, and more than 85% transmission. It will be shown that, when using the older technology based on isorefractive compositions, optical clarity is reduced with temperature change from the isorefractive temperature, due primarily to an increase in haze. The new silica technology eliminates this problem and effectively broadens the application temperatures for optically clear, thermally stable silicone elastomers.

scholarly journals MXene-Ti3C2 assisted one-step synthesis of carbon-supported TiO2/Bi4NbO8Cl heterostructures for enhanced photocatalytic water decontamination

Nanophotonics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 2077-2088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daixun Jiang ◽  
Xun Sun ◽  
Xilu Wu ◽  
Shuai Zhang ◽  
Xiaofei Qu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Charge Separation ◽  
Photocatalytic Performance ◽  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
Salt Flux ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Water Contaminants ◽  
Photocatalytic Removal ◽  
One Step ◽  
Charge Separation Efficiency ◽  
Perovskite Type

AbstractThe strategy to improve the photocatalytic removal efficiencies towards organic pollutants is still a challenge for the novel Sillen–Aurivillius perovskite type Bi4NbO8Cl. Herein, we report carbon-supported TiO2/Bi4NbO8Cl (C-TiO2/Bi4NbO8Cl) heterostructures with enhanced charge separation efficiency, which were fabricated via molten-salt flux process. The carbon-supported TiO2 particles were derived from MXene Ti3C2 precursors, and attached on plate-like Bi4NbO8Cl, acting as electron-traps to achieve supressed recombination of photo-induced charges. The improved charge separation confers C-TiO2/Bi4NbO8Cl heterostructures superior photocatalytic performance with 53% higher than pristine Bi4NbO8Cl, towards rhodamine B removal with the help of photo-induced holes. Moreover, the C-TiO2/Bi4NbO8Cl heterostructures can be expanded to deal with other water contaminants, such as methyl orange, ciprofloxacin and 2,4-dichlorophenol with 44, 25 and 13% promotion, respectively, and thus the study offers a series of efficient photocatalysts for water purification.

scholarly journals Bioprocessing of Shrimp Waste Using Novel Industrial By-Products: Effects on Nutrients and Lipophilic Antioxidants

Fermentation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 312
Author(s):  
Luis Angel Cabanillas-Bojórquez ◽  
Erick Paul Gutiérrez-Grijalva ◽  
Ramón Ignacio Castillo-López ◽  
Laura Aracely Contreras-Angulo ◽  
Miguel Angel Angulo-Escalante ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Rich Source ◽  
Added Value ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Shrimp Waste ◽  
Acid Fermentation ◽  
Trolox Equivalent ◽  
By Products

The production of marine foods is on the rise, and shrimp is one of the most widely consumed. As a result, a considerable amount of shrimp waste is generated, becoming a hazardous problem. Shrimp waste is a rich source of added-value components such as proteins, lipids, chitin, minerals, and carotenoids; however, new bioprocesses are needed to obtain these components. This work aimed to characterize the chemical and nutraceutical constituents from the liquor of shrimp waste recovered during a lactic acid fermentation process using the novel substrate sources whey and molasses. Our results showed that the lyophilized liquor is a rich source of proteins (25.40 ± 0.67%), carbohydrates (38.92 ± 0.19%), minerals (calcium and potassium), saturated fatty acids (palmitic, stearic, myristic and lauric acids), unsaturated fatty acids (oleic acid, linoleic, and palmitoleic acids), and astaxanthin (0.50 ± 0.02 µg astaxanthin/g). Moreover, fermentation is a bioprocess that allowed us to obtain antioxidants such as carotenoids with an antioxidant capacity of 154.43 ± 4.73 µM Trolox equivalent/g evaluated by the ABTS method. Our study showed that liquor from shrimp waste fermentation could be a source of nutraceutical constituents with pharmaceutical applications. However, further studies are needed to separate these added-value components from the liquor matrix.

scholarly journals Easy One-Step Amplification and Labeling Procedure for Copy Number Variation Detection

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 463-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastián Blesa ◽  
María D Olivares ◽  
Andy S Alic ◽  
Alicia Serrano ◽  
Verónica Lendinez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Repair ◽  
Copy Number ◽  
Simple Procedure ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Copy Number Variations ◽  
Chromosome 17 ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
One Step ◽  
Cnv Detection

Abstract Background The specific characteristics of copy number variations (CNVs) require specific methods of detection and characterization. We developed the Easy One-Step Amplification and Labeling procedure for CNV detection (EOSAL-CNV), a new method based on proportional amplification and labeling of amplicons in 1 PCR. Methods We used tailed primers for specific amplification and a pair of labeling probes (only 1 labeled) for amplification and labeling of all amplicons in just 1 reaction. Products were loaded directly onto a capillary DNA sequencer for fragment sizing and quantification. Data obtained could be analyzed by Microsoft Excel spreadsheet or EOSAL-CNV analysis software. We developed the protocol using the LDLR (low density lipoprotein receptor) gene including 23 samples with 8 different CNVs. After optimizing the protocol, it was used for genes in the following multiplexes: BRCA1 (BRCA1 DNA repair associated), BRCA2 (BRCA2 DNA repair associated), CHEK2 (checkpoint kinase 2), MLH1 (mutL homolog 1) plus MSH6 (mutS homolog 6), MSH2 (mutS homolog 2) plus EPCAM (epithelial cell adhesion molecule) and chromosome 17 (especially the TP53 [tumor protein 53] gene). We compared our procedure with multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA). Results The simple procedure for CNV detection required 150 min, with <10 min of handwork. After analyzing >240 samples, EOSAL-CNV excluded the presence of CNVs in all controls, and in all cases, results were identical using MLPA and EOSAL-CNV. Analysis of the 17p region in tumor samples showed 100% similarity between fluorescent in situ hybridization and EOSAL-CNV. Conclusions EOSAL-CNV allowed reliable, fast, easy detection and characterization of CNVs. It provides an alternative to targeted analysis methods such as MLPA.

The novel one step syntheses of benzobis- and benzotris[1,2,5]thiadiazole

1977 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 963-964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuntaro Mataka ◽  
Kazufumi Takahashi ◽  
Masashi Tashiro
Keyword(s):  
The Novel ◽  
One Step

Simple procedure applying lactose induction and one-step purification for high-yield production of rhCIFN

2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 708-714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid Bashir ◽  
Nadeem Ahmed ◽  
Mohsin Ahmad Khan ◽  
Ahmad Usman Zafar ◽  
Saad Tahir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Simple Procedure ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Lactose Induction ◽  
Yield Production ◽  
One Step ◽  
High Yield Production

Prediction of disinfection by-product formation in drinking water via fluorescence spectroscopy

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 383-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin F. Trueman ◽  
Sean A. MacIsaac ◽  
Amina K. Stoddart ◽  
Graham A. Gagnon
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Fluorescence Spectroscopy ◽  
Statistical Learning ◽  
Learning Algorithms ◽  
Product Formation ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
By Products

Fluorescence spectroscopy has potential applications for monitoring disinfection by-products (DBPs) during water treatment. This paper demonstrates the novel application of several statistical learning algorithms for fluorescence-based DBP prediction.

scholarly journals Plug-and-Play Few-shot Object Detection with Meta Strategy and Explicit Localization Inference

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junying Huang ◽  
Fan Chen ◽  
Liang Lin ◽  
dongyu zhang
Keyword(s):  
Object Detection ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Plug And Play ◽  
Tuning Method ◽  
One Step ◽  
Tuning Process ◽  
General Object ◽  
The One ◽  
Parallel Techniques

Aiming at recognizing and localizing the object of novel categories by a few reference samples, few-shot object detection is a quite challenging task. Previous works often depend on the fine-tuning process to transfer their model to the novel category and rarely consider the defect of fine-tuning, resulting in many drawbacks. For example, these methods are far from satisfying in the low-shot or episode-based scenarios since the fine-tuning process in object detection requires much time and high-shot support data. To this end, this paper proposes a plug-and-play few-shot object detection (PnP-FSOD) framework that can accurately and directly detect the objects of novel categories without the fine-tuning process. To accomplish the objective, the PnP-FSOD framework contains two parallel techniques to address the core challenges in the few-shot learning, i.e., across-category task and few-annotation support. Concretely, we first propose two simple but effective meta strategies for the box classifier and RPN module to enable the across-category object detection without fine-tuning. Then, we introduce two explicit inferences into the localization process to reduce its dependence on the annotated data, including explicit localization score and semi-explicit box regression. In addition to the PnP-FSOD framework, we propose a novel one-step tuning method that can avoid the defects in fine-tuning. It is noteworthy that the proposed techniques and tuning method are based on the general object detector without other prior methods, so they are easily compatible with the existing FSOD methods. Extensive experiments show that the PnP-FSOD framework has achieved the state-of-the-art few-shot object detection performance without any tuning method. After applying the one-step tuning method, it further shows a significant lead in both efficiency, precision, and recall, under varied few-shot evaluation protocols.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document