Studies in the Thermodynamics of Polymer-Liquid Systems. II. A Reassessment of Published Data

1965 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-333
Author(s):  
C. Booth ◽  
G. Gee ◽  
M. N. Jones ◽  
W. D. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Solutions ◽  
Solid Polymer ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Polar Liquids ◽  
Polymer Liquid ◽  
Entropy Of Mixing ◽  
Polar Polymers ◽  
Liquid Systems ◽  
Single Method ◽  
Degree Of Order

Abstract Part II contains a complete reassessment of all published data on polymer solutions, using a single method of analysis. Non-polar liquids in non-polar polymers show an entropy of mixing higher than predicted by current theories. The discrepancy is attributed to a degree of order in the solid polymer. Polar liquids in non-polar polymers follow the pattern described in Part I: this behavior is attributed to non-random mixing at concentrations approaching saturation.

Studies in the Thermodynamics of Polymer-Liquid Systems. I. Natural Rubber and Polar Liquids

1965 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 314-324
Author(s):  
C. Booth ◽  
G. Gee ◽  
G. Holden ◽  
G. R. Williamson
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Interaction Parameter ◽  
Thermodynamic Data ◽  
The Other ◽  
Vapor Pressures ◽  
Polar Liquids ◽  
Polymer Liquid ◽  
Liquid Systems ◽  
Conventional Study ◽  
Interaction Parameter Χ

Abstract There is a great lack of reliable thermodynamic data on concentrated polymer solutions. This group of papers contributes further measurements, especially on systems consisting of a polar liquid and nonpolar polymer, and presents a review of the current situation. This first part records observations on the swelling of natural rubber in several polar liquids, using two different techniques. One of these is the conventional study of vapor pressures; the other is a novel procedure involving measurements of swelling and tension in stretched crosslinked samples. The results are compared with the Flory-Huggins equation, and show that as swelling proceeds and approaches saturation, there is a marked fall in the interaction parameter χ`. At the same time the entropy of dilution falls progressively further below the curves predicted by current theories.

Studies in the thermodynamics of polymer-liquid systems

Polymer ◽  
1964 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 343-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Booth ◽  
G. Gee ◽  
G. Holden ◽  
G.R. Williamson
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Liquid ◽  
Liquid Systems

The IUPAC-NIST Solubility Data Series: A guide to preparation and use of compilations and evaluations (IUPAC Technical Report)

2010 ◽  
Vol 82 (5) ◽  
pp. 1137-1159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heinz Gamsjäger ◽  
John W. Lorimer ◽  
Mark Salomon ◽  
David G. Shaw ◽  
Reginald P. T. Tomkins
Keyword(s):  
Solubility Data ◽  
Major Portion ◽  
Data Series ◽  
Published Data ◽  
The Past ◽  
Data Compilation ◽  
Technical Report ◽  
Liquid Systems ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Ongoing Project

The IUPAC-NIST Solubility Data Series (SDS) is an ongoing project that provides comprehensive reviews of published data for solubilities of gases, liquids, and solids in liquids or solids. Data are compiled in a uniform format, evaluated, and, where data from independent sources agree sufficiently, recommended values are proposed. This paper is a guide to the SDS and is intended for the benefit of both those who use the SDS as a source of critically evaluated solubility data and who prepare compilations and evaluations for future volumes. A major portion of this paper presents terminology and nomenclature currently recommended by IUPAC and other international bodies and relates these to obsolete forms that appear in the older solubility literature. In addition, this paper presents a detailed guide to the criteria and procedures used in data compilation, evaluation, and presentation and considers special features of solubility in gas + liquid, liquid + liquid, and solid + liquid systems. In the past, much of this information was included in introductory sections of individual volumes of the SDS. However, to eliminate repetitive publication, this information has been collected, updated, and expanded for separate publication here.

The orientation of luminophor molecules in solid polymer solutions

1967 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-70
Author(s):  
Ya. A. Terskoi ◽  
N. D. Zhevandrov
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Solutions ◽  
Solid Polymer

scholarly journals Transient Flow of Non-Newtonian Power-Law Fluids in Porous Media

1979 ◽  
Vol 19 (03) ◽  
pp. 164-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi U. Ikoku ◽  
Henry J. Ramey
Keyword(s):  
Porous Media ◽  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Newtonian Fluid ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Transient Flow ◽  
Polymer Solutions ◽  
Newtonian Fluids ◽  
Petroleum Engineering ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Well Test

Abstract The transient flow behavior of non-Newtonian fluids in petroleum reservoirs is studied. A new partial differential equation is derived. The diffusivity equation is a special case of the new equation. The new equation describes the flow of a slightly compressible, non-Newtonian, power-law fluid in a homogeneous porous medium. This equation should govern the flow of most non-Newtonian oil-displacement agents used in secondary and tertiary oil-recovery projects, such as polymer solutions, micellar projects, such as polymer solutions, micellar solutions, and surfactant solutions. Analytical solutions of the new partial differential equation are obtained that introduce new methods of well-test analysis for non-Newtonian fluids. An example is presented for using the new techniques to analyze injection well-test data in a polymer injection project. project. Graphs of the dimensionless pressure function also are presented. These may be used to investigate the error when using Newtonian fluid-flow equations to model the flow of non-Newtonian fluids in porous media. Introduction Non-Newtonian fluids, especially polymer solutions, microemulsions, and macroemulsions, often are injected into the reservoir in various enhanced oil-recovery processes. In addition, foams sometimes are circulated during drilling. Thermal recovery of oil by steam and air injection may lead to the flow of natural emulsions and foams through porous media. Some enhanced oil-recovery projects involving the injection of non-Newtonian fluids have been successful, but most of these projects either failed or performed below expectation. These results suggest the need for a thorough study of the stability of non-Newtonian fluids at reservoir conditions, and also a new look at the flow of non-Newtonian fluids in porous media. porous media. Many studies of the rheology of non-Newtonian fluids in porous media exist in the chemical engineering, rheology, and petroleum engineering literature. In 1969, Savins presented an important survey on the flow of non-Newtonian fluids through porous media. In some cases, he interpreted porous media. In some cases, he interpreted published data further and compared results of published data further and compared results of different investigators. van Poollen and Jargon presented a numerical study of the flow of presented a numerical study of the flow of non-Newtonian fluids in homogeneous porous media using finite-difference techniques. They considered steady-state and unsteady-state flows and used the Newtonian fluid-flow equation. They considered non-Newtonian behavior by using a viscosity that varied with position. No general method was developed for analyzing flow data. Bondor et al. presented a numerical simulation of polymer presented a numerical simulation of polymer flooding. Much useful information on polymer flow was presented, but transient flow was not considered.At present, there is no standard method in the petroleum engineering literature for analyzing petroleum engineering literature for analyzing welltest data obtained during injection of non-Newtonian fluids into petroleum reservoirs. However, injection of several non-Newtonian oil-displacement agents is an important oilfield operation. Interpretation of well-test data for these operations should also be important. Obviously, procedures developed for Newtonian fluid flow are not appropriate. SPEJ P. 164

Departures from random mixing in polymer-liquid systems

1957 ◽  
Vol 23 (103) ◽  
pp. 3-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Booth ◽  
G. Gee ◽  
G. R. Williamson
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Liquid ◽  
Liquid Systems ◽  
Random Mixing

P-140: Holograms Recording in AZO Nematic Liquid Crystal and in its Solid Polymer Solutions

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 1645-1648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir M. Kozenkov ◽  
Aleksei A. Spakhov ◽  
Victor V. Belyaev ◽  
Denis N. Chausov
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Nematic Liquid Crystal ◽  
Polymer Solutions ◽  
Solid Polymer
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