Effect of Stearic Acid on Reclaimed Rubber

1929 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 627-632
Author(s):  
H. A. Winkelmann ◽  
E. B. Busenburg
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Vulcanized Rubber

Abstract 1—Stearic acid does not compare with other softeners in plasticizing efficiency when used in contact with vulcanized rubber scrap during devulcanization. 2—Stearic acid when added as a softener to devulcanized scrap on the mill prior to refining imparts properties which are very desirable. (a) Makes the reclaim batch more plastic, (b) improves tubing and calendering properties, (c) reduces nerve without production of excess tack, (d) improves curing properties (higher tensile strength, higher modulus, and improved molding properties) of reclaimed rubber, (e) when pigments are added it gives better dispersion with improved physical properties. 3—Stearic acid when used in compounds containing reclaimed rubber improves the curing properties of these compounds.

The Direct Determination of Oxygen in Rubber. The Adaptation of the Ter Meulen Method to Rubber and Its Application to the Study of Aging

1939 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. I. Cramer ◽  
I. J. Sjothun ◽  
L. E. Oneacre
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Direct Determination ◽  
Sulfur Poisoning ◽  
Oxidation Products ◽  
Oxygen Bomb ◽  
Vulcanized Rubber ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The ter Meulen method for the direct determination of oxygen has been adapted, with modifications, to the analysis of raw and vulcanized rubbers. Raney nickel has been found to be quite effective as the reducing catalyst and to be satisfactorily resistant to sulfur poisoning. The method has been applied to the study of the aging of vulcanized rubber in the Geer oven and oxygen bomb. From this study the following conclusions may be drawn: (1) The increase in combined oxygen is greater in the oxygen bomb than in the Geer oven. (2) Deterioration of rubber in the oxygen bomb involves oxidation primarily, whereas that occurring in the Geer oven involves not only oxidation but also thermal decomposition followed by volatilization of oxidation products. (3) The effectiveness of an antioxidant in retarding the absorption of oxygen in oxygen-bomb aging agrees well with its ability to maintain the physical properties of the stock in which it is present. (4) The deterioration in physical properties of a rubber stock in the oxygen bomb during the early stages of aging is a linear function of the increase in combined oxygen. For stocks containing antioxidants and diphenylguanidine as the accelerator, an increase in combined oxygen of approximately 1.2% corresponds to a decrease in tensile strength of 50%. (5) The relationship of increase in combined oxygen to decrease in tensile strength seems to be affected not only by antioxidants, but also by accelerators of vulcanization.

Measurement of the Absorption of Oxygen by Vulcanized Rubber in Air

1939 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-268
Author(s):  
A. G. Milligan ◽  
J. E. Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Direct Measure ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Reasonable Time ◽  
Aging Period ◽  
Vulcanized Rubber ◽  
Rubber Compounds ◽  
Made In

Abstract It is generally agreed that oxidation is the controlling factor in the decay of rubber compounds. Measurements of the decay of any physical properties—commonly tensile strength—can be made in a convenient time only if the decay is greatly accelerated, and there is always a grave doubt about the equality of the acceleration for different materials. There is also a difficulty in selecting a universally suitable aging period, since the decay of the physical properties is not linear. A direct measure of the rate of oxidation is, in our view, more fundamental and less equivocal. It can, moreover, be made in a reasonable time at a temperature not far removed from service temperatures. Again, whereas tensile tests require several samples of each point in the timecurve to give acceptable mean values, here a single sample suffices for the whole test, and this sample can be simply prepared from a specimen of any form by rasping. The merits and simplicity of the method should commend it to rubber technologists.

DURIMPHY

Alloy Digest ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Precipitation Hardening ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
High Yield ◽  
High Yield Strength ◽  
Precision Alloys ◽  
Very High

Abstract Durimphy is a maraging steel with 1724 MPa (250 ksi) tensile strength and a very high yield strength due to precipitation hardening. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: FE-140. Producer or source: Metalimphy Precision Alloys.

CENTRI-CAST GRAY IRON 50

Alloy Digest ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Machine Tools ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Gray Iron ◽  
Centrifugally Cast ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Nominal Tensile Strength ◽  
Cast Gray Iron

Abstract CENTRI-CAST GRAY IRON 50 is a centrifugally cast gray iron with a nominal tensile strength of 50,000 psi. It is cast in the form of tubing which has a wide range of uses in applications where size and shape are of paramount importance and freedom from pattern cost is an important consideration. Among its many applications are farm machinery, seals, bushings, machine tools and general machinery uses. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, microstructure, hardness, elasticity, tensile properties, and compressive and shear strength as well as fatigue. It also includes information on casting, heat treating, machining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: CI-51. Producer or source: Federal Bronze Products Inc..

CENTRI-CAST GRAY IRON 55

Alloy Digest ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Gray Iron ◽  
Centrifugally Cast ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Nominal Tensile Strength ◽  
Cast Gray Iron

Abstract CENTRI-CAST GRAY IRON 55 is a centrifugally cast gray iron with a nominal tensile strength of 55,000 psi. It is produced in the form of tubing which has a wide range of uses in applications where size and shape are of paramount importance and freedom from pattern cost is an important consideration. Typical applications are seals, bushings, farm machinery, casings and general machinery uses. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, microstructure, hardness, elasticity, tensile properties, and compressive and shear strength as well as fatigue. It also includes information on casting, heat treating, machining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: CI-48. Producer or source: Federal Bronze Products Inc..

WIELAND-FX9

Alloy Digest ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 60 (8) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Cold Work ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
High Manganese ◽  
Bronze Alloy ◽  
Good Strength

Abstract Wieland-FX9 is a high-manganese bronze alloy that has good strength and is available in numerous cold work tempers related to its minimum tensile strength. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, and joining. Filing Code: Cu-801. Producer or source: Wieland Metals Inc..

DOGAL 600 and 800 DP

Alloy Digest ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 59 (12) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
High Strength Steels ◽  
High Strength

Abstract Dogal 600 and 800 DP are high-strength steels with a microstructure that contains ferrite, which is soft and formable, and martensite, which is hard and contributes to the strength of the steel. The designation relates to the lowest tensile strength. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and tensile properties. It also includes information on forming, joining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: CS-160. Producer or source: SSAB Swedish Steel Inc. and SSAB Swedish Steel.

LUCEFIN GROUP C30 (1.0528), C30E (1.1178), C30R (1.1179)

Alloy Digest ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (9) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
High Tensile Strength ◽  
Medium Carbon ◽  
Alloy Steels ◽  
Cold Worked ◽  
Lower Carbon

Abstract Lucefin Group C30, C30E, and C30R are medium-carbon, non-alloy steels that are used in the normalized, cold worked, or quenched and tempered condition. C30E and C30R may also be flame or induction hardened. C30, C30E, and C30R are widely used for small, moderately stressed parts, where higher strength levels are needed than can be achieved in the lower carbon grades, and also where toughness is more important than high tensile strength. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: CS-206. Producer or source: Lucefin S.p.A.

TOUGHMET 2CX

Alloy Digest ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Loading Conditions ◽  
Severe Loading

Abstract ToughMet 2 CX is a Cu-9Ni-6Sn alloy that combines low coefficient of friction with wear resistance. ToughMet alloys are a line of spinodal hardened Cu-Ni antigalling alloys for bearings capable of performing with a variety of shafting materials and lubricants. The alloys combine a high lubricity with wear resistance in these severe loading conditions. ToughMet 2CX in the cast and spinodally hardened (CX) condition exhibits tensile strength in excess of 724 MPa (105 ksi) and hardness exceeding HRC 27 with excellent machinability. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming. Filing Code: Cu-819. Producer or source: Materion Brush Performance Alloys.

BRUSH ALLOY 190

Alloy Digest ◽  
1968 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Copper Strip ◽  
Beryllium Copper ◽  
Heat Treated

Abstract Brush Alloy 190 is a mill-heat treated beryllium copper strip with a tensile strength up to 190,000 psi. It eliminates the need of customer heat-treating by providing high properties combined with exceptional formability. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fatigue. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, joining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: Cu-194. Producer or source: Brush Beryllium Company.

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