Peel Mechanics for an Elastic-Plastic Adherend

1979 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 1057-1071 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N. Gent ◽  
G. R. Hamed
Keyword(s):  
Energy Dissipation ◽  
Critical Thickness ◽  
Adhesive Layer ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Plastic Yielding ◽  
Plastic Strip ◽  
Elastic Plastic ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract The force required to propagate a 180° bend in an elastic-plastic strip has been calculated from elementary bending theory. Measured forces for Mylar strips of various thicknesses, bent to various degrees, were in good agreement with these calculated values. The corresponding additional stripping force in a peeling experiment will depend upon the thickness of the elastic-plastic adherend, becoming zero both for infinitesimally thin adherends and for those exceeding a critical thickness tc and passing through a maximum value at intermediate thicknesses. Published data are in good agreement with these conclusions. For a strongly adhering strip, higher peel strengths are found for a peel angle of 180°, compared to 90°, and the effect is greater than can be accounted for solely by plastic yielding of the adherend. It is attributed in part to greater energy dissipation within the adhesive layer.

Analysis of Thermal Variation of Length and Refractive Index of Lead Fluoride to Study its Optical Properties

1989 ◽  
Vol 172 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. S. Aurora ◽  
D. O. Pederson ◽  
S. M. Day
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Linear Thermal Expansion ◽  
Small Variation ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Thermal Variation ◽  
Lead Fluoride ◽  
Superionic Phase Transition ◽  
Lorenz Relation ◽  
Good Agreement

AbstractLinear thermal expansion and refractive index variation have been measured in lead fluoride with a laser interferometer as a function of temperature. Data has been analyzed using the Lorentz-Lorenz relation. Molecular polarizability, band gap, variation of refractive index with density, and strain-polarizability parameter have been studied as a function of temperature. They exhibit a small variation with temperature except near the superionic phase transition where the variation appears to be more pronounced. The results are in good agreement with the published data near room temperature.

scholarly journals The Distribution of Larvae of Randomly Moving Insects

1961 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 598 ◽  
Author(s):  
EJ Williams
Keyword(s):  
Normal Distribution ◽  
Bessel Function ◽  
Theoretical Distribution ◽  
Frequency Function ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Modified Bessel Function ◽  
Theoretical Conclusion ◽  
Constant Rate ◽  
Spatially Distributed ◽  
Good Agreement

Though randomly moving insects released from a central point in a uniform environment are often found to be distributed according to a circular normal distribution, their larvae will not conform to this distribution. When such insects lay at a constant rate and are subject to constant mortality, their larvae are found to be spatially distributed according to a highly peaked frequency function, depending on the modified Bessel function of the second kind. This theoretical conclusion is in good agreement with published data. Some of the properties of the theoretical distribution are discussed.

Development and verification of a numerical model for the analysis of geosynthetic-reinforced soil segmental walls under working stress conditions

2005 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 1066-1085 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kianoosh Hatami ◽  
Richard J Bathurst
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Model ◽  
Constitutive Models ◽  
Reinforced Soil ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Soil Reinforcement ◽  
Lagrangian Analysis ◽  
Elastic Plastic ◽  
Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil ◽  
Working Stress ◽  
Good Agreement

The paper describes a numerical model that was developed to simulate the response of three instrumented, full-scale, geosynthetic-reinforced soil walls under working stress conditions. The walls were constructed with a fascia column of solid modular concrete units and clean, uniform sand backfill on a rigid foundation. The soil reinforcement comprised different arrangements of a weak biaxial polypropylene geogrid reinforcement material. The properties of backfill material, the method of construction, the wall geometry, and the boundary conditions were otherwise nominally the same for each structure. The performance of the test walls up to the end of construction was simulated with the finite-difference-based Fast Lagrangian Analysis of Continua (FLAC) program. The paper describes FLAC program implementation, material properties, constitutive models for component materials, and predicted results for the model walls. The results predicted with the use of nonlinear elastic-plastic models for the backfill soil and reinforcement layers are shown to be in good agreement with measured toe boundary forces, vertical foundation pressures, facing displacements, connection loads, and reinforcement strains. Numerical results using a linear elastic-plastic model for the soil also gave good agreement with measured wall displacements and boundary toe forces but gave a poorer prediction of the distribution of strain in the reinforcement layers.Key words: numerical modelling, retaining walls, reinforced soil, geosynthetics, FLAC.

Second order nonlinear optical properties of corroles: experimental and theoretical investigations

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 1276-1284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Ying ◽  
Xiao-Yan Long ◽  
Mian HR Mahmood ◽  
Quan-Yuan Hu ◽  
Hai-Yang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Excited States ◽  
Rayleigh Scattering ◽  
Soret Band ◽  
Incident Wavelength ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Theoretical Investigations ◽  
Scattering Technique ◽  
Donor Acceptor ◽  
Neglect Of Differential Overlap ◽  
Good Agreement

The first hyperpolarizabilities, βHRS, of corrole derivatives have been measured by using Hyper–Rayleigh Scattering technique. The results showed that βHRS of corroles could be greatly enhanced by modifying its periphery with donor–acceptor groups. Maximum value reaches 354 × 10-30 esu at an incident wavelength of 1500 nm. βHRS of investigated corroles were also calculated with the Zerner's intermediate neglect of differential overlap/configuration interaction/sum-over-states method. The calculated and experimental results are in good agreement and conclude that βHRS arises mainly from the charge transfer along molecule's non-symmetrical axis and strong coupling between two different excited states of the Soret band.

Experimental study and numerical simulation of clapboard lead damper

2016 ◽  
Vol 231 (9) ◽  
pp. 1688-1698 ◽  
Author(s):  
SL Cheng ◽  
SY Du ◽  
XS Yan ◽  
Q Guo ◽  
YJ Xin
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Energy Dissipation ◽  
Type A ◽  
Loading Test ◽  
Plastic Energy ◽  
Yield Displacement ◽  
Lead Metal ◽  
Reduction Effect ◽  
Hysteretic Properties ◽  
Good Agreement

Two types of clapboard-type lead dampers were designed based on plastic energy absorption of lead metal. The hysteretic curves and energy dissipation properties were studied through low cyclic loading test. Also, the typical restoring load model was extracted. The finite-element numerical model of type-A damper was build according to the characteristics and principle of clapboard-type lead dampers. And the damping effect of high-structural Benchmark model installed with type-A damper was analyzed. The results show that the structure of clapboard-type lead dampers is simple, hysteretic curves are plump, hysteretic properties are steady and yield displacement is small, and thus its energy dissipation ability is excellent. The models of finite element and restoring load of dampers are in good agreement with the results of tests, so they have good applicability. The seismic system installed with type-A dampers has an excellent vibration reduction effect. The top-floor acceleration and displacement control effects are 26.7% and 37.4%, respectively.

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