scholarly journals Re-Examine Conventional Concepts in Urban Design: The Conflict Between Urban Space Utilization and the Elements of Power and Control - Case of Hawkers within Amman, Jordan

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Dania Abdel-Aziz ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Street Vendors ◽  
Effective Utilization ◽  
Power And Control ◽  
Planning Processes ◽  
Space Requirements ◽  
And Control

Architecture and urbanism are disciplines based on knowledge of space. From this point of view, this research aims to study the challenges of dealing with hawkers (Street Vendors) in Jordan's urban centres generally by shedding light on downtown Amman. Although they succeed in acquiring and controlling space informally in Amman, hawkers have been ignored by local planners and even been harassed by local authorities for not being given space to operate their businesses. Rigid transformations should be carried in urban planning strategies in downtown Amman. Local policies need to be enforced to end this conflict and provide suitable conditions and capacities to read and respond to the hawkers' needs. They represent an integral part of the region's urban fabric. This study is based on reviewing related literature, field survey, and observations carried out for two months in the study area. In addition to several informal discussions held with the hawkers, pedestrians, merchants, and local authorities, questionnaires were used to clarify specific issues. The study suggests a few recommendations to help fulfil urban centres' effective utilization and harmonize formal activities and the hawkers in order to resolve this conflict. The study found that street hawkers are only considered troublemakers and have never been involved in decision-making when urban planning occurs. These will be an ongoing issue, not unless they are integrated into the planning processes. The study suggests different scenarios for proper allocation of hawking space can be done regarding accommodating them according to their space requirements worked out the basis of the products sold, as has been done in the present study. In short, this will help in providing suitable trading environments for the hawkers, creating a pedestrian-friendly neighbourhood, decreasing the unemployment rate, among other advantages.

scholarly journals In search of a co-operation ecosystem for collaborative planning and co-governance

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 10-28
Author(s):  
Karoliina Jarenko
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Community Development ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Participatory Planning ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Local Initiatives ◽  
Planning Processes ◽  
Citizen Initiatives ◽  
And Control

Contemporary urban planning with linear administrative processes, based on the ideals of predictability and control, have come to its end. Even public participatory planning has struggled to incorporate the input of engaged citizens to urban development and the co-governance of common resources. Self-organized actions of urban activist and mundane everyday life have not been sufficiently addressed in the participatory urban planning processes. However, local initiatives and even the temporary use of urban space have been seen as a contribution to urban development. The problem is that so far we do not have much knowledge about the co-operation ecosystem required for new approaches to urban planning, such as the Expanded urban planning. In this article, I examine two case studies, on the basis of which a co-operation ecosystem for Expanded urban planning is outlined. I argue that such an ecosystem for co-operation can significantly help cities integrate self-organized citizen initiatives to urban and community development. It might, however, also require planners to take a stronger role in enhancing a culture of participation.

scholarly journals Ethical and political dilemmas of local self-government in Poland in the course of systemic transformations (1990–2018)

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 7-26
Author(s):  
Michał Kasiński
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Local Democracy ◽  
Control Rights ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Political Values ◽  
Election Process ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Government Reforms ◽  
And Control

The study presents critical reflections on the course and results of Polish local self-government reforms from March 1990, when after 40 years of the system of territorial soviets (national councils), self-government was reintroduced into communes, until January 2018, when an attempt to improve the systemic institutions of self-government in communes, poviats and voivodships was once again revisited. The author points out significant discrepancies between the basic ethical and political values of local self-government, i.e. democracy, independence and efficiency, and the changing content of self-government systemic laws as well as the practice of local authorities’ operations, and formulates proposals aimed at repairing Polish local self-government by adjusting its organisation and functioning to the principles resulting from the Constitution of the Republic of Poland and the European Charter of Local Self-Government. He considers as the most important the elimination of pathological phenomena of simulated local democracy which include: a drastically low turnout in elections and referenda, the disappearance of democratic responsibility of local self-government bodies, and the autonomy of the directly elected executive body of the commune from the influence of the local representation. From this point of view, he positively assesses the new regulations, strengthening the guarantee of transparency of operations carried out by local self-government bodies and control rights of councillors, as well as expanding the catalogue of initiative, consultative and control powers of citizens. He points out, however, that ensuring real democracy in of the local authorities requires a deeper reconstruction of the principles of self-government, the election process, and strengthening the role of representation in creating and enforcing the responsibility of executive bodies.

scholarly journals Surveillance Farm: Towards a Research Agenda on Big Data Agriculture

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 370-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Klauser
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Power And Control ◽  
Smart Farming ◽  
Smart Technologies ◽  
And Control

Farming today relies on ever-increasing forms of data gathering, transfer, and analysis. Think of autonomous tractors and weeding robots, chip-implanted animals and underground infrastructures with inbuilt sensors, and drones or satellites offering image analysis from the air. Despite this evolution, however, the social sciences have almost completely overlooked the resulting problematics of power and control. This piece offers an initial review of the main surveillance issues surrounding the problematic of smart farming, with a view to outlining a broader research agenda into the making, functioning, and acting of Big Data in the agricultural sector. For surveillance studies, the objective is also to move beyond the predominant focus on urban space that characterises critical contemporary engagements with Big Data. Smart technologies shape the rural just as much as the urban, and “smart farms” are just as fashionable as “smart cities.”

scholarly journals City, Nation, Network: Shifting Territorialities of Sovereignty and Urban Violence in Latin America

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 206-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane Davis
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Violence ◽  
Spatial Integration ◽  
Spatial Form ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Planning And Control ◽  
And Control ◽  
The City

Cities across the global south are seeing unprecedented levels of violence that generate intense risks and vulnerability. Such problems are often experienced most viscerally among poorer residents, thus reinforcing longstanding socio-spatial conditions of exclusion, inequality, and reduced quality of life for those most exposed to urban violence. Frequently, these problems are understood through the lens of poverty, informality, and limited employment opportunities. Yet an undertheorized and equally significant factor in the rise of urban violence derives from the shifting territorialities of governance and power, which are both cause and consequence of ongoing struggles within and between citizens and state authorities over the planning and control of urban space. This article suggests that a relatively underexplored but revealing way to understand these dynamics, and how they drive violence, is through the lens of sovereignty. Drawing on examples primarily from Mexico, and other parts of urban Latin America, I suggest that problems of urban violence derive from fragmented sovereignty, a condition built upon the emergence of alternative, competing, and at times overlapping networks of territorial authority at the scale of the city, nation, and globe. In addition to theorizing the shifting spatial correlates of sovereignty among state and non-state armed actors, and showing how these dynamics interact with urbanization patterns to produce violence, I argue that the spatial form of the city both produces and is produced by changing political and economic relations embedded in urban planning principles. That is, urban planning practices must be seen as the cause, and not merely the solution, to problems of urban violence and its deleterious effects. Using these claims to dialogue with urban planners, this essay calls for new efforts to redesign cities and urban spaces with a focus on territorial connectivities and socio-spatial integration, so as to push back against the limits of fragmented sovereignty arrangements, minimize violence, and foster inclusion and justice.

scholarly journals The Modernization of a Historic City as the Construction of a Soviet Utopia: Case of Vilnius

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 89-104
Author(s):  
Rugilė Rožėnė
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Planning And Construction ◽  
Historic City ◽  
The City

The article looks at urban planning and construction processes in Vilnius during the Soviet era from a point of view that has not been widely explored in the existing historiography. The approach is based on analysing relations between the existing city and the city-in-construction within the context of Soviet urban modernisation. Interpreting the communist city as a utopia, the analysis looks at its role in shaping negative attitudes towards the historic city as well as what tangible forms this utopia assumes in the process of being realised. The article argues that this process, purportedly a rational way towards the utopia and characterised by a fragmentary implementation of development projects, is one of the main factors behind the disintegration of the urban space in the Soviet era.

Discussion of “A Review of Propulsion, Power, and Control Architectures for Insect-Scale Flapping Wing Vehicles” by E. F. Helbling and R. J. Wood (Helbling, E. F., and Wood, R. J., 2018, ASME Appl. Mech. Rev., 70(1), p. 010801)

2018 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Satyandra K. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Flapping Wing ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Flying Insects ◽  
Power And Control ◽  
Significant Interest ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
And Control ◽  
Propulsion Power ◽  
Remarkable Progress

Flying insects exhibit truly remarkable capabilities. There has been significant interest in developing small-scale flying robots by taking inspiration from flying insects. The paper by Helbling and Wood reports remarkable progress made by the research community in realizing insect-scale flapping wing vehicles and identifies research challenges and opportunities. This discussion builds upon their paper and examines the potential of insect-scale flapping wing flight from an application point of view. It summarizes requirements and mention implications of these requirements on propulsion, power, and control architecture.

“Everybody’s Donghu”: Artistic Resistance and the Reclaiming of Public Space in China

2020 ◽  
pp. 120633122090298
Author(s):  
Jian Xiao ◽  
Shuwen Qu
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Urban Transformation ◽  
Commercial Development ◽  
Power And Control ◽  
East Lake ◽  
Resistance To Power ◽  
And Control ◽  
Artistic Resistance

This paper presents a study of an artistic resistance project in China, “Everybody’s Donghu (East Lake),” held in 2010, 2012, and 2014 with the aim of intervening in the commercial development of an urban scenic space. It aims to demonstrate the practices of resistance in public spaces, particularly in the context of an authoritarian regime such as China, as opposed to democratic societies. First, the recent development of protest and forms of resistance in China will be discussed. It will then focus on the arising conflicts between the conceptualization of an urban space by the urban planners and the imagination of it by the participants. This is followed by a discussion of the tactics deployed in this event, focusing on how the participants appropriate urban space for their own use through performance. Finally, it explores how technology is used in the practices of resistance, concerning the representation of the area through utilization of online space. Overall, this paper argues that appropriating and representing urban space can open up new possibilities of resistance to power and control in the process of urban transformation.

Fleeting Glory in a Wasteland: Wealth, Politics, and Autonomy in Northern Chad

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 723-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julien Brachet ◽  
Judith Scheele
Keyword(s):  
Political Institutions ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Distribution Of Wealth ◽  
Power And Control ◽  
Local Point ◽  
Local Political Institutions ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Postcolonial States ◽  
And Control

AbstractIn January 2012, a newderdé(traditional leader) of the Teda in northern Chad was officially appointed. Held in the Tibesti, a remote, notoriously unruly but strategically important part of the Sahara, the investiture ceremony was attended by Teda from throughout the country and neighboring Libya and Niger, as well as by an impressive number of Chadian civil servants and international diplomats. Yet the ceremony itself was short and messy. Similarly, the historical underpinnings of the institution of thederdéand the selection process were unclear, leaving much room for debate. This uncertainty appears to lie at the heart of the institution of thederdé. Far from a resurgence of “traditional authority” to make up for “state failure” or to partake in the restructuring of postcolonial states—as observed elsewhere on the African continent—the investiture ceremony confirmed the decentralized nature of Teda social organization and the absence of even attempted governance, both with regards to the Chadian state and local political institutions. What mattered from a local point of view were not long-term strategies of power and control, but rather the immediate and gloriously wasteful distribution of wealth. Admiring eyes were turned not toward thederdéor the state officials who appointed him, but instead toward high-ranking military officers, well-dressed urban Libyan Teda, and trans-border smugglers, models of rapid but often short-lived success. This provides a counterexample to the current emphasis on governance and power in the analysis of African states and politics.

Colonial policing and urban space in the notorious Commune Rouge of Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of Congo

Urban History ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Simon De Nys-Ketels
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Democratic Republic Of Congo ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Colonial Policy ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Control ◽  
Academic Debate

Abstract Zooming in on the urban history of the Kenya neighbourhood in Lubumbashi, this article deals with the relation between urban space, colonial policing and African unrest. Colonial policy-makers feared the populous neighbourhood and its African masses, and deployed urban planning to materialize an ambiguous agenda of ‘welfare colonialism’ and discipline. The implementation of these planning projects was incomplete, and a spatial analysis of subsequent African local unrest, everyday colonial policing and military schemes sheds additional light on how colonial forces and Africans utilized urban space as a resource for protest and control. As such, the article aims to contribute to the academic debate on colonial policing, in which spatiality has been lacking.

scholarly journals The implementation of an urban plan - monitoring and evaluation in the case study of the detailed regulation plan for the reconstruction of four urban blocks in Vracar

Spatium ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 41-51
Author(s):  
Svetlana Dimitrijevic-Markovic ◽  
Natasa Danilovic-Hristic ◽  
Ana Graovac
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Input Data ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Urban Plan ◽  
The Past

Regulation plans have been implemented in Serbia over the past twenty years as the main operational instrument of planning. However, a general, systemic investigation of the effects of their implementation has failed. Because the elements of regulation and the rules for development and construction applied significantly affect the character of an urban space, the intention is to point out the need to establish procedures and criteria for regular evaluation of the built environment and the need to continuously re-examine planning attitudes. The input data for redefining the scope and shape of regulation can be obtained by analyzing the planning process and evaluating its results. The chosen case study encompasses the plan for four urban blocks in Vracar and includes the 15-year period since its adoption. The extent to which the Plan has met the set objectives from the point of view of urban planning and conservation will be investigated through an analysis of the results obtained in practice, while failures and possible improvements will be pointed out.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document