scholarly journals Pharmacokinetics of Pazufloxacin Mesilate Sodium Chloride in healthy Chinese volunteers after intravenous injection

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-48
Author(s):  
OuYang Wenjuan
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Healthy Chinese ◽  
Pazufloxacin Mesilate

THE SECRETION OF ANTIDIURETIC HORMONE IN RESPONSE TO HAEMORRHAGE AND THE FATE OF VASOPRESSIN IN ADRENALECTOMIZED RATS

1954 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. GINSBURG
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Antidiuretic Hormone ◽  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Posterior Pituitary ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Adrenalectomized Rats ◽  
Intact Rats

SUMMARY 1. The antidiuretic potency of arterial blood from adrenalectomized rats was greater than that from intact rats, but only if 2 or more ml. of blood were taken from each rat. It is concluded that the amounts of posterior pituitary antidiuretic hormone released during haemorrhage are greater in adrenalectomized than in intact rats. 2. The effect of haemorrhage on the antidiuretic potency of blood in adrenalectomized rats treated with sodium chloride or cortisone was not different from that in intact rats. 3. The disappearance of intravenously injected vasopressin (100 mU/100 g body weight) was retarded after adrenalectomy. Up to 48 hr after adrenalectomy this was due to a reduced capacity of the kidneys to remove vasopressin from the circulation. 4. Treatment with cortisone increased the rate of disappearance of vasopressin in adrenalectomized rats, but the rate was not restored to that observed in intact animals. 5. Treatment with sodium chloride did not affect the rate at which vasopressin was removed from the circulation of adrenalectomized rats. 6. The excretion of an antidiuretic agent in the urine which followed intravenous injection of vasopressin (100 mU/100 g) 48 hr after adrenalectomy was equivalent to 2·1% of the dose. This compared with an excretion of 6·7% of the dose in intact animals.

STUDIES IN EXPERIMENTAL HYPERTONICITY

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1962 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-193
Author(s):  
Juan F. Sotos ◽  
Philip R. Dodge ◽  
Nathan B. Talbot
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Acidosis ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Total Body Water ◽  
Cellular Metabolism ◽  
Body Fluids ◽  
Intracellular Water ◽  
Hydrogen Ion ◽  
Total Body

Hypertonicity of body fluids was induced in 23 rabbits by the intravenous injection of solutions of sodium chloride, sodium chloride and bicarbonate, sucrose, or urea at concentrations of about 2,000 mOsm/l. The results obtained suggest that (1) hypertonicity of body fluids can cause disturbances in cellular metabolism, resulting in the formation and release of large quantities of hydrogen ion and the development of severe extracellular metabolic acidosis; (2) with restoration of osmolality toward normal by rehydration, the acidosis is improved; and (3) there is no correlation between the values for plasma pH and the values for sodium and chlorides in plasma, total body water, extracellular and intracellular water, and blood volume.

Relation of route of administration and types of fluid to satisfaction of thirst in the dog

1960 ◽  
Vol 199 (5) ◽  
pp. 907-911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph H. Holmes ◽  
Vernon Montgomery
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Sodium Acetate ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Direct Introduction ◽  
Total Intake ◽  
Drinking Response ◽  
Similar Solutions

In 13 dogs, using intravenous injection of 20% sodium chloride as a stimulus for inducing a standardized drinking pattern, the substitution for water of various drinking solutions such as 5% glucose, 5% sucrose, 1.8% urea, 1.3% sodium sulfate, 0.9% sodium bicarbonate, 0.85% ammonium chloride, 1.15% sodium acetate and 0.9% magnesium chloride did not alter significantly the total intake. However, with 0.9% sodium chloride the intake averaged 2.4 times that observed for water. Temperature differences of solution did not significantly alter the intake. Introduction of 0.9% sodium chloride, 5% glucose, 1.8% urea and water into the stomach 40 minutes prior to intravenous injection of 20% sodium chloride had an inhibitory effect on drinking response. When similar solutions were given intravenously 40 minutes prior to the salt injection, there was no inhibition of drinking, in fact, the total intake was increased. In these two situations the different drinking response could not be explained by differences in hematocrit or serum concentrations of protein or chloride. Thus, direct introduction of fluids into the blood stream cannot substitute during the 1st hour for the gastric factor in satiation of thirst.

Safer intravenous potassium chloride

1971 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 31-31
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Potassium Chloride ◽  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Intravenous Infusion ◽  
Chloride Solution ◽  
The Other ◽  
Potassium Chloride Solution ◽  
Slow Intravenous Infusion

Injectable solutions are usually presented in a strength which can be given directly to the patient without dilution. However, a few sterile solutions need to be diluted before administration. The most widely used of these is Sterile Potassium Chloride Solution BP (1.5 g [20 mEq] in 10 ml; 15%) which is intended to be diluted and given by slow intravenous infusion; rapid intravenous injection of the undiluted solution can prove fatal. This solution is packed in similar ampoules to Sodium Chloride Injection BP and mistakes have occurred because one has been confused with the other. Although each potassium chloride ampoule is labelled ‘dilute before use’, this instruction has not always proved a sufficient safeguard, especially as the small print on the ampoule can be difficult to read. Ultimately this problem could be minimised by having ready-made infusions incorporating appropriate quantities of potassium.

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