scholarly journals The Form of State and Development Policy: Case of Selected Asian Countries

1989 ◽  
Vol 4 (0) ◽  
pp. 105-128
Author(s):  
Kwang-Woong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Development Policy ◽  
Economic Change ◽  
National Development ◽  
Political Factor ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Class Politics ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Exact Role ◽  
Role Of Government

Since World WarⅡ, many social scientists in the West have proposed numerous theories to examine various issues of national development(Adelman and Morris, 1973; Amsden, 1984; Evans, Rueschemeyer and Skocpol, 1984; Higgott and Robinson, 1985; Zysman, 1983). These theories differ a great deal over the exact role which political factor plays in the process of economic development and industrialization. Pluralist theories, for example, argue that government plays no major role. These theorists assume that society as a whole is organized by interdependent institutional elements, and politics by competitive interest groups which vie for each other for maximizing their own interests. According to them, the polity and the economy are relatively autonomous so that the role of government is not significant in economic change. However, since they are interdependent in nature, certain associations are expected. On the other hand, the statists, particularly those with marxist perspectives, view that politics is essentially a matter of class politics where a hegemonic class rules over the state which in turn facilitates economic change to the benefit of the hegemonic class.

scholarly journals Efektivitas Implementasi Program Perumahan Bersubsidi Bagi Masyarakat Berpenghasilan Rendah Kota Pekanbaru (Studi Kasus : Kecamatan Tenayan Raya)

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (02) ◽  
pp. 101-109
Author(s):  
Firdaus Agus ◽  
Septia Fanny ◽  
Rona Muliana
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Development Policy ◽  
Likert Scale ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Housing Development ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Program Goal ◽  
Document Review

[ID] Untuk mengetahui tercapai atau tidaknya suatu tujuan  program perlu dilakukan evaluasi terhadap implementasi program tersebut, baik pelaksanaan program maupun hasilnya. Evaluasi diperlukan untuk mengukur tingkat efektivitas mekanisme program dari pembiyaan dan apakah efektivitas bila dilihat dari hasil pembangunannya, disamping itu akan diketahui sejauhmana peran pemerintah melalui Kepnmen PUPR No.348/KPTS/M/2015, sebab untuk beberapa tahun kedepan kebijakan pembangunan perumahan MBR ini masih relavan dilaksanakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat efektivitas program. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam peneltian ini adalah pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif yang didukung oleh data  dari hasil kuesioner, wawancara, dan observasi lapangan, serta data dari kajian dokumen dan telaah pustaka. Perhitungan efektivitas dilakukan dengan melakukan pembobotan menggunakan skala Likert yang didasarkan pada kriteria efektivitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan secara umum efektifitas Implementasi Program Perumahan Bersubsidi bagi MBR mendapat nilai 80% yang berarti Efektif. [EN] To find out whether or not a program goal has been achieved, it is necessary to evaluate the implementation of the program, both the program's implementation and its results. Evaluation is needed to measure the effectiveness of the program mechanism of financing and whether the effectiveness when viewed from the results of its development, besides that it will be known to what extent the role of government through the Ministry of PUPR No. 348 / KPTS / M / 2015, because for the next few years the MBR housing development policy is still relavan implemented. This study aims to determine the level of effectiveness of the program. The approach used in this research is a quantitative and qualitative approach which is supported by data from the results of questionnaires, interviews and field observations, as well as data from document review and literature review. The effectiveness calculation is done by measuring the Likert scale based on the effectiveness criteria. The results shows that  Effectiveness of Subsidied Housing Programs Implementation at a rate of 80% which mean generally Effective.  

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF END CHILD PROSTITUTION, CHILD PORNOGRAPHY AND TRAFFICKING OF CHILDREN FOR SEXUAL PURPOSES (ECPAT) IN ADDRESSING THE CHILD’S COMMERCIAL SEXUAL EXPLOITATION (ESKA) IN INDONESIA (2011 – 2015)

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Yohanes Benedicktus Meninu Nalele
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Child Pornography ◽  
Sexual Exploitation ◽  
International Organization ◽  
Commercial Sexual Exploitation ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Child Prostitution

Commercial sexual exploitation of children is a social problem that has several categories. This issue is scattered in many countries, especially in Asian countries. Child’s commercial sexual exploitation or eksploitasi seksual komersial anak (ESKA) can ruin the future of the children who are victims, of which they are the successors of the nation. Childhood should be filled by playing and learning but changing with the dark. The role of government as the supreme authority of a country in overcoming the problem of ESKA looks not maximized. The purpose of this research is to find out the role of international organizations in addressing the ESKA problem. International organizations, in this case, are ECPAT or End Child Prostitution, child pornographic grapy, and Trafficking of Children for Sexual Purposes. How are their efforts and roles in overcoming ESKA and its cooperation with the Indonesian government, obstacles, and challenges faced? The benefits of this journal are useful in the development of International Relations, especially those involving the role of international organizations in addressing the problems of ESKA. The method used is descriptive – qualitative, where this method illustrates and analyzes the role of ECPAT as an international organization in addressing the ESKA in Indonesia (2011 – 2015).

scholarly journals Role of the government in the implementation of local development case study on national programa local development

2021 ◽  
pp. 47220-47231
Keyword(s):  
Central Government ◽  
Local Development ◽  
National Development ◽  
Physical Development ◽  
Process Data ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
The Government ◽  
Role Of The Government

This thesis is entitled “ The Role of Government in the Implementation of Local Development (Case Study in the Administrative Post of Uatolari) “ Local development is a measure of national development where the development growth in an advanced sub-district will automatically reflect the development itself. In the sub-district, development has been carried out which in the research will highlight physical development. Physical development in the sub-district in accordance with its implementation has not reached the planned target in accordance with the expectations of the community in the Uatolari sub-district. Thus, the problem can be formulated as follows: How is the government role in implementing local development?. The theoretical basis used in this chapter, the writer wants to explain the theory according to Prajudi (2000), the role of government in the implementation of development, while the method used in this research is descriptive method with research techniques such as qualitative data analysis, the subject of what is being studied is The functions and tasks that exist in the Uatolari sub-district and the object under study are affirming the implementation of physical development in the Uatolari sub-district consisting of 6 people, the instruments used are observation, interviews, documentation and interviews (asking and answering) to collect data and to process data to completion. The conclusion from the research results found that the role of the government in implementation in the uatolari sub-district is still lacking due to a lack of control, therefore it is necessary for the central government to monitor, supervise the physical development that is being built or in progress so that it will accelerate according to the specified time. Recommended to the Ministry of Home Affairs and Regional Development to pay attention to the Viqueque district national development agency in order to accelerate the process of implementing local development, in accordance with the expectations of the community, especially the ongoing infrastructure development in accordance with the national development strategic plan.

scholarly journals Multisectoral Initiatives, Sectoral Inertia: A Dilemma of Governance for Development Policy-makers

1999 ◽  
Vol 38 (4II) ◽  
pp. 897-904
Author(s):  
Pervaiz Tahir
Keyword(s):  
Development Policy ◽  
Market Failure ◽  
Coordination Problem ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Government Failure ◽  
Development Professionals ◽  
The Government ◽  
Social Sectors

The opinion of development professionals at home and abroad has converged on the point that bad governance lies at the root of the loss of the momentum of economic growth, increasing poverty and failed investment in social sectors. Early concern of development economists with market failure brought in the arguments for the role of government. Government failure was the dominant issue of the eighties. The last decade of the twentieth century is witnessing a focus on governance failure, a broader concept in that the government is not viewed as the only governing entity. This paper addresses an issue which has been there during the reigns of all these “failure” paradigms. It arises from the inability of governments, organised traditionally into the vertically operating line departments, to deal effectively with multisectoral or cross-sectoral problems and cross-cutting issues. The paper traces the evolution of multisectoral issues and looks at the standard approach of treating multisectoral initiatives as a horizontally fathomed coordination problem to show that it has been an unmitigated disaster. It argues that the multisectoral issues can be better addressed by internalising the elements of coordination, particularly in social sectors, though there have been situations which raise questions about this approach as well

WHAT SHOULD BE THE ROLE OF GOVERNMENT IN INNOVATION PROJECTS? SOME PROPOSALS FROM THE SPIN PROJECT IN BRAZIL

2001 ◽  
Vol 09 (01) ◽  
pp. 91-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
FABIO Q. B. DA SILVA
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Development Policy ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Northeast Region ◽  
Innovation Projects ◽  
World Class

This article describes an strategy for local sustainable development based on the establishment of a State System of Innovation (called SPIN), at the State of Pernambuco in the Northeast Region of Brazil. The conceptual underpinnings of this system consider that, to be competitive in the global economy, any local community must be capable of creating world class businesses and enterprises. Therefore, SPIN has the goal structuring the conditions for the flourishing of a world class knowledge base economy. The conceptual model, the elements of a State development policy and the operating agents of this Innovation System are described.

‘A Little Crow in the Tree’: Growing Inequality and White Working-Class Politics in the U.S.

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-145
Author(s):  
Lawrence Eppard ◽  
Arlie Hochschild ◽  
Richard Wilkinson
Keyword(s):  
Working Class ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Political Polarization ◽  
Class Politics ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Social Fabric ◽  
White Working Class ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The U.S

There have been troubling trends in economic inequality, deprivation, and insecurity in the U.S. since the 1970s. This inequality and insecurity has left the American social fabric ‘fraying at the edges,’ in the words of Joseph Stiglitz. Scholars have recently begun focusing their attention on phenomena which are reflective of and associated with this fraying social fabric: the increasing economic insecurity and emerging ‘politics of resentment’ of the White working class in the U.S. This piece contains excerpts from interviews that Lawrence Eppard conducted with two important scholars, Arlie Hochschild and Richard Wilkinson, who have explored these issues in their work in different ways. The interviews touch on a variety of topics, including growing inequality and its social consequences, the role of government in addressing inequality, White working-class resentment, the impact of racism and sexism on White working-class attitudes and politics, the 2016 U.S. presidential election, political polarization, and dominant American notions of freedom. Much of the discussion focuses on Hochschild’s work in Strangers in Their Own Land and Wilkinson’s work with Kate Pickett in The Spirit Level.

scholarly journals The Determinations of East Asia’s Automobile Trade Using a Gravity Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
Shahrun Nizam Abdul-Aziz ◽  
Normala Zulkifli ◽  
Norimah Rambeli@Ramli ◽  
Noor Al-Huda Abdul Karim ◽  
Zainizam Zakariya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Automobile Industry ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Gravity Models ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Japanese Fdi

The aim of this study is to investigate empirically the factors that determine the level of automobile trade in East Asian countries by taking into account government policies as well as the role of MNEs. To do so, in this study we include dummies of import substitution industrialisation (ISI) and export orientation industrialisation (EOI) policies as well as Japanese FDI as additional explanatory variables in our augmented gravity models. We found that GDPs, distance, per capita income, FTA, government policies, language and FDI are the determinants for the development of automobile industry in each country in East Asia. In the case of auto P&C, apart from economic size, the role of government through trade policy (i.e., FTA) and industrial policies as well as the role of MNCs are the major contributors to the development both exports and imports of East Asian countries. In the case of final automobiles, the role of FTA and language seems to be unimportant. Nonetheless, the role of government policies and MNCs seem to be important.

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