scholarly journals TOURISM POLICY CHALLENGES AMID COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miljan Leković ◽  
◽  
Sonja Milutinović ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Single Solution ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Tourism Policy ◽  
Tourism Economy ◽  
National Framework

The COVID-19 pandemic devastated tourist turnover and caused a crisis of unprecedented proportions in the tourism economy. The strong impact of the pandemic on the tourism sector requires even stronger response of tourism policy, whose primary task is to mitigate the negative effects of the pandemic and, firstly, to propose measures to support the current tourism sector, and then measures aimed at recovering this activity and increasing its flexibility and resistance to future challenges. In this regard, the aim of the paper is to emphasize the importance of effective and responsible tourism policy in crisis situations and point out the numerous challenges faced by tourism policy makers when defining measures to support the tourism economy. By applying qualitative economic analysis, it was concluded that there is no single solution, i.e. universal measures and universal packages of assistance to the tourism sector equally applicable and effective for all countries, but that each country, when creating tourism policy, should respect its own specifics and strive to create a package of measures that will generate the best results in the national framework.

scholarly journals Pre-Emptively Managing Overtourism by Promoting Rural Tourism in Low-Density Areas: Lessons from Madeira

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 757
Author(s):  
Piotr Majdak ◽  
Antonio Manuel Martins de Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Local Actors ◽  
Negative Feelings

Overtourism refers not only to situations in which carrying capacity levels have been exceeded, but also to those in which tourists and residents share negative feelings of discomfort and other emotions, loss of quality of life and unpleasant experiences in their activities of daily life. The growing number of places struggling with the problem of overtourism suggests that brand new approaches are required to minimize the effects of excessive tourism. However, the impacts of overtourism are place-specific and a one-size-fits-all approach is inappropriate. Many destinations still have a considerable margin to manoeuvre but are nonetheless heading towards increasingly unsustainable levels of tourists per square kilometer. Such regions have time to take some pre-emptive measures based on principles of sustainable development using greener and energy-saving technologies. Over the past few decades, degrowth has arisen as an unorthodox approach based on principles of fairness and social and environmental justice. In certain areas, such as island economies, the economic dynamics remain largely dependent on the tourism sector, which forces the local actors to think and act differently. In this study, we analyze the strategies employed by Madeira to counter the negative effects of oversaturation in a pre-emptive way. The findings of this case study, based on the data at the county level, are enhanced by a panel data analysis of a number of relevant explanatory variables explaining the dispersion of tourists to the rural hinterland. The results suggest that the development of the rural hinterland has proven capable of exerting a progressively positive influence well beyond the borders of the rural hinterland by accommodating a growing share of the increasing numbers of tourists welcomed in the region in the 2002–2019 period, at the expense of the main capital city. This study confirms the importance and potential of the development of the rural hinterland to tackle overtourism in the main tourism areas. In terms of recommendations, it is suggested that local operators and policy-makers must develop efforts to research new ways to adopt energy-saving projects and develop tourisms products that incorporate eco-friendly behaviors.

The Impact of Economic Crisis on Tourism Industry: A Bangladesh Perspective

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Ziaul Haque
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Political Crisis ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Tourism Product ◽  
International Tourist ◽  
Sustained Recovery ◽  
The Impact

The tourism sector is experiencing numerous challenges as a result of the global economic crisis. After a significant contraction in 2009, tourism rebounded strongly  in  2010  and  in  2011  the  international  tourist  arrivals  and  receipts  are projected to increase substantially. The Tourism industry is expected to show a sustained recovery in 2012. The crisis has particularly strong impact and slightly negative consequences in Bangladesh. The country is undergoing a political crisis, as well, and it seems that the forthcoming elections may be the only solution for the restoration of stability and social peace.  In addition, tourism can be the driving force behind Bangladesh economic recovery. However, for its achievement the country’s policy makers should take several measures towards restructuring and improving the sector. These measures include: enhancement of alternative forms of tourism; environmental protection; creation of quality infrastructure; and boost of competitiveness through a tourism product that offers value for money

The Impact Of Economic Crisis On Tourism Industry: A Bangladesh Perspective

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Md. Ziaul Haque
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Political Crisis ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Tourism Product ◽  
International Tourist ◽  
Sustained Recovery ◽  
The Impact

The tourism sector is experiencing numerous challenges as a result of the global economic crisis. After a significant contraction in 2009, tourism rebounded strongly  in  2010  and  in  2011  the  international  tourist  arrivals  and  receipts  are projected to increase substantially. The Tourism industry is expected to show a sustained recovery in 2012. The crisis has particularly strong impact and slightly negative consequences in Bangladesh. The country is undergoing a political crisis, as well, and it seems that the forthcoming elections may be the only solution for the restoration of stability and social peace.  In addition, tourism can be the driving force behind Bangladesh economic recovery. However, for its achievement the country’s policy makers should take several measures towards restructuring and improving the sector. These measures include: enhancement of alternative forms of tourism; environmental protection; creation of quality infrastructure; and boost of competitiveness through a tourism product that offers value for money

Financial Reporting Regulation and the Reporting of Pro Forma Earnings

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary M. Entwistle ◽  
Glenn D. Feltham ◽  
Chima Mbagwu
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Public Confidence ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ◽  
Pro Forma Earnings ◽  
Sarbanes Oxley ◽  
Evidence For Policy ◽  
Pro Forma

A primary objective of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act is to bolster public confidence in the U.S. capital markets. The SEC aims to achieve this objective in part by regulating the use of alternate earnings measures (colloquially referred to as “pro forma” earnings) that differ from generally accepted accounting principles. This paper examines whether firms change their reporting practice in response to pro forma regulation. Specifically, it examines whether the use, calculation, and presentation of pro forma measures by S&P 500 companies changes between 2001 and 2003. We document three significant shifts in pro forma reporting in this period. First, the proportion of firms reporting pro forma earnings declines from 77 to 54 percent. Second, by 2003, pro forma is used in a less biased manner. Not only is the proportion of firms using pro forma earnings to increase reported income smaller than in 2001, but also the magnitudes of these increases are reduced. Third, in 2003, firms present pro formas in press releases in a much less prominent and less potentially misleading manner. These results suggest a strong impact of the recent regulation of pro forma reporting and provide important empirical evidence for policy makers.

scholarly journals Social Aspects of Tourism Policy in the European Union. The Example of Poland and Slovakia

Economies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksander Panasiuk ◽  
Ewa Wszendybył-Skulska
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Economic Policy ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Social ◽  
Low Incomes ◽  
Research Gap ◽  
Tourism Policy ◽  
Tourism Economy ◽  
Sectoral Policy

Since the beginning of the 21st century, the European Union tourism policy has been increasingly focused on initiatives in the field of social tourism, which are one of the ways of achieving sustainable development in the European tourism economy. Most of the research projects that have so far been conducted in the field have focused on the benefits for its participants (subjective one: Children and youths, seniors, disabled people, people (families) with low incomes and/or unemployed, big families). However, there is a lack of research on the analysis of the place of social aspects of tourism in the general socio-economic policy of the state and, in a detailed aspect, in the sectoral policy represented by tourism policy, as well as its potential impact on the development of the national economy and meeting tourism needs of the society. The authors tried to fill this research gap in this study. The aim of the study is to differentiate the issues related to the social aspects of tourism policy from the entire socio-economic policy pursued in the European Union and selected member states (Poland and Slovakia). The article is of a theoretical–analytical–conceptual nature. Empirical research, due to the nature of its issues, was conducted with the use of qualitative research methods. The results of the conducted research showed that activities in the field of social tourism policy are conditioned by organizational solutions for the entities that undertake them, as well as economic ones, especially in the field of financing. Moreover, they made it possible to propose the concept of a model social tourism policy with an indication of its place in the European policy on the basis of the past and future EU financial perspectives.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 pandemic-induced PPE and single-use plastic waste generation scenario

2021 ◽  
pp. 0734242X2098082
Author(s):  
Md. Sazzadul Haque ◽  
Shafkat Sharif ◽  
Aseer Masnoon ◽  
Ebne Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Effective Response ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Single Use ◽  
Polyethylene Bags ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
Disposable Plastic ◽  
Do So

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has demonstrated both positive and negative effects on the environment. Major concerns over personal hygiene, mandated and ease in lockdown actions and slackening of some policy measures have led to a massive surge in the use of disposable personal protective equipment (PPE) and other single-use plastic items. This generated an enormous amount of plastic waste from both healthcare and household units, and will continue to do so for the foreseeable future. Apart from the healthcare workers, the general public have become accustomed to using PPE. These habits are threatening the land and marine environment with immense loads of plastic waste, due to improper disposal practices across the world, especially in developing nations. Contaminated PPE has already made its way to the oceans which will inevitably produce plastic particles alongside other pathogen-driven diseases. This study provided an estimation-based approach in quantifying the amount of contaminated plastic waste that can be expected daily from the massive usage of PPE (e.g. facemasks) because of the countrywide mandated regulations on PPE usage. The situation of Bangladesh has been analysed and projections revealed that a total of 3.4 billion pieces of single-use facemask, hand sanitizer bottles, hand gloves and disposable polyethylene bags will be produced monthly, which will give rise to 472.30 t of disposable plastic waste per day. The equations provided for the quantification of waste from used single-use plastic and PPE can be used for other countries for rough estimations. Then, the discussed recommendations will help concerned authorities and policy makers to design effective response plans. Sustainable plastic waste management for the current and post-pandemic period can be imagined and acted upon.

scholarly journals Young People as Drivers or Inhibitors of the Sustainability Movement: The Case of Anti-Consumption

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Ziesemer ◽  
A. Hüttel ◽  
I. Balderjahn
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Voluntary Simplicity ◽  
Collaborative Consumption ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Behavioural Patterns ◽  
Future Consumption ◽  
Sustainability Movement ◽  
Laddering Interviews

AbstractAs overconsumption has negative effects on ecological balance, social equality, and individual well-being, reducing consumption levels among the materially affluent is an emerging strategy for sustainable development. Today’s youth form a crucial target group for intervening in unsustainable overconsumption habits and for setting the path and ideas on responsible living. This article explores young people’s motivations for engaging in three behavioural patterns linked to anti-consumption (voluntary simplicity, collaborative consumption, and living within one’s means) in relation to sustainability. Applying a qualitative approach, laddering interviews reveal the consequences and values behind the anti-consumption behaviours of young people of ages 14 to 24 according to a means-end chains analysis. The findings highlight potential for and the challenges involved in motivating young people to reduce material levels of consumption for the sake of sustainability. Related consumer policy tools from the fields of education and communication are identified. This article provides practical implications for policy makers, activists, and educators. Consumer policies may strengthen anti-consumption among young people by addressing individual benefits, enabling reflection on personal values, and referencing credible narratives. The presented insights can help give a voice to young consumers, who struggle to establish themselves as key players in shaping the future consumption regime.

Macroeconomics of money laundering: effects and measurements

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nella Hendriyetty ◽  
Bhajan S. Grewal
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Money Laundering ◽  
Tax Evasion ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Tax Revenue ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Macroeconomic Conditions ◽  
Illicit Flows

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to review studies focusing on the magnitude of money laundering and their effects on a country’s economy. The relevant concepts are identified on the basis of discussions in the literature by prominent scholars and policy makers. There are three main objectives in this review: first, to discuss the effects of money laundering on a country’s macro-economy; second, to seek measurements from other scholars; and finally, to seek previous findings about the magnitude and the flows of money laundering. Design/methodology/approach In the first part, this paper outlines the effects of money laundering on macroeconomic conditions of a country, and then the second part reviews the literature that measures the magnitude of money laundering from an economic perspective. Findings Money laundering affects a country’s economy by increasing shadow economy and criminal activities, illicit flows and impeding tax collection. To minimise these negative effects, it is necessary to quantify the magnitude of money laundering relative to economic conditions to identify the most vulnerable aspects of money laundering in a country. Two approaches are used in this study: the first is the capital flight approach, as money laundering will cause flows of money between countries; the second is the economic approach for measuring money laundering through economic variables (e.g. tax revenue, underground economy and income generated by criminals) separately from tax evasion. Originality/value The paper offers new insights for the measurement of money laundering, especially for developing countries. Most methods in quantifying money laundering have focused on developed countries, which are less applicable to developing countries.

scholarly journals INOVASI PERAN PEMERINTAH DESA DALAM KEBIJAKAN PARIWISATA DI KOTA BATU

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Akhmad Amirudin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
City Government ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Tourism Policy ◽  
Village Government ◽  
New Community

This research examine the innovation of village government  roles in tourism policy in Batu Municipality, Batu Municipality is one of the cities in Indonesia whose economic growth is dominated by the tourism sector. Economic growth during 2012-2016 Batu City's economy has shown a marked increase with an average of 6.95 percent but the poverty rate has not shown a significant decline with the number of more than 9,000 people since 2013 to 2016 and the gini ratio in 2015 was recorded at 0,36 points or up from the 2013 figure of 0.31 points. This indicates that the growth of the tourism sector has not been able to be felt by the entire community. this happens because the tourism sector is still dominated by large investors by building artificial tourism (artificial) which involves minimal society, therefore the city government of Batu develop a new approach by optimizing the role of village government in developing the policy village tourism and form of pokdarwis (kelompok sadar wisata (group of tourism awareness)). This research uses qualitative approach, case study research and interactive model analysis from Miles, Huberman and Saldana. The result of the analysis shows that the innovation of the role of village apparatus in developing the new community based tourism destination and the collaboration with pokdarwis has given a new form in tourism policy in Batu Town, the tourist villages developed at the village level are more successful in giving positive influence to the people's welfare as well able to involve massively society.

scholarly journals The role of tourism awareness in developing accessible tourism

2020 ◽  
pp. 437-463
Author(s):  
طه مهدي محمود ◽  
حسين محمد علي أسد
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Special Needs ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Effective Contribution

Tourism awareness is one of the most important pillars that contribute to the development of the tourism industry in general, and the development of various tourism patterns in particular, and among those patterns are accessible tourism, because of its great importance in reducing the negative effects that may accompany the tourism industry by building educated tourism employees And be aware, knowledgeable and aware of the importance of the accomplishments and successes achieved by the tourism sector and the opportunities that this sector offers and economic opportunities that ultimately reflect on the members of society and the country. Perhaps the sensitivity of dealing with the categories of accessible tourism (those with special needs, the elderly, pregnant women, mothers for young children) need special type employees who possess a set of special skills and experiences in dealing with those groups to make the details of the tourist trip for the concerned individuals, the most important of which is accommodation (the hotel). And to achieve the best possibility to enjoy the tourist activity in general. This research aims to highlight on the role of tourism awareness for a sample of employees of the holy Karbala hotels and their effective contribution to achieve the development of soft tourism by providing high-quality services that reassure the targeted tourists and thus contribute to attract the largest number of them, which is greatly reflected in the development of tourism and making years Coming golden years for this tourist pattern, which is considered an ethical and human duty to care about and develop.

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