scholarly journals Metallo-Beta-Lactamases in Nosocomial Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Görkem YAMAN ◽  
Aytekin ÇIKMAN ◽  
Mehmet PARLAK ◽  
Hüseyin GÜDÜCÜOĞLU ◽  
Mustafa BERKTAŞ
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Beta Lactamases

scholarly journals Investigation of Metallo-Beta-Lactamases in Carbapenem Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strains by Phenotypic and Genotypic Methods

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-307
Author(s):  
M. Duygu Aksoy ◽  
H. Murat Tuğrul
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid ◽  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Beta Lactamases ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Synergy Test ◽  
Phenotypic Tests ◽  
Positive Controls

Introduction: Carbapenem resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains cause serious problems in treatment. A large number of identified metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL) enzymes produced by P. aeruginosa are one of the most important mechanisms in resistance to carbapenems. MBL genes are located on the chromosome or plasmid, and they can easily spread between different bacterial strains. The activities of these enzymes are zinc-dependent, and they are inhibited by ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). Therefore, this advantage is used in MBL identification tests. In this study, it was aimed to determine MBL among P. aeruginosa strains. Materials and Methods: MBL existence was investigated in 35 P. aeruginosa strains accepted to be mildly susceptible/resistant to any of the carbapenem group of antibiotics through phenotypic and genotypic methods. Phenotypic tests were performed as double disk synergy test (DDST), combined disk diffusion tests (CDDT) by using 0.1 M and 0.5 M EDTA, MBL E-test, and modified Hodge test (MHT). blaIMP, blaVIM, blaGIM, blaSIM, blaSPM genes and blaNDM gene were investigated by multiplex polimerase chain reaction (PCR) and PCR, respectively. Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853 standard bacteria were used in tests. VIM-1, VIM-2, IMP-13, SPM-1, NDM-1 type MBL-producing P. aeruginosa strains were used as positive controls. Results: Among the carbapenems resistant P. aeruginosa isolates, positivity of MBL was found as 54.2% by MBL E-test, 42.8% by DDST, 94.2% and 37.1% by CDDT method using 0.5 M and 0.1 M EDTA, respectively. Modified Hodge test and genotypic method did not detect MBL. Conclusion: In order to correctly evaluate the results of the phenotypic method, the investigation of resistance genes by molecular methods is also required. The most common metallo-beta-lactamase enzymes responsible for resistance to carbapenem in Pseudomonas were not observed. It was thought that different mechanisms might be responsible for the identified carbapenem resistance.

First Detection of OXA-10 Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases and the Occurrence of mexR and nfxB in Clinical Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from Nigeria

Chemotherapy ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bamidele T. Odumosu ◽  
Bola A. Adeniyi ◽  
Ram Chandra
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Efflux Pump ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Beta Lactamases ◽  
First Report ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases ◽  
Regulator Genes

Background: The characterization of β-lactamase production in Pseudomonasaeruginosa is rarely reported in Nigeria. The objective of this study was to investigate the occurrence and characterize the different β-lactamases as well as mechanisms of fluoroquinolones resistance among P. aeruginosa isolated from various clinical sources from Nigeria. Materials and Method: Isolates were investigated using PCR, RFLP and sequencing for the detection of various β-lactamases and efflux pump regulator genes. Result: The prevalence of OXA-10, AmpC, CTX-M and SHV in P. aeruginosa was 80, 70, 5 and 5%, respectively. The coexistence of blaOXA-10 with blaAmpC, blaSHV and blaCTX-M was reported in 40, 5 and 5% of isolates, respectively. The efflux pump regulator genes mexR and nfxB were both amplified in 45% of the OXA-10-positive isolates. Conclusion: This is the first report of the characterization of OXA-10 extended-spectrum β-lactamases and occurrence of mexR and nfxB efflux regulator genes in clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa in Nigeria.

Detection of resistance genes from Pseudomonas aeruginosa using immunomagnetic isolation and chemiluminescence

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 412-418
Author(s):  
Fei Xu ◽  
Cheng Chen ◽  
Xing Li ◽  
Bo Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Beta Lactamases ◽  
Immunomagnetic Isolation ◽  
Encoding Gene

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is a common opportunistic and nosocomial bacterial pathogen. Various multi-resistance mechanisms present across numerous P. aeruginosa strains counteract conventional antimicrobial therapy, thereby becoming a great challenge. This study aimed to establish the application of immunomagnetic isolation and chemiluminescence to detect the presence of extended spectra of β-lactamases encoding genes: blaTEM and blaVEB; metallo-beta-lactamases encoding gene: blaVIM; aminoglycoside modifying enzymes encoding gene: aac(6)II, ant(3)I; and the specific gene for P. aeruginosa, gyrB. P. aeruginosa was specifically selected using the immunomagnetic nanoparticles (IMNPs) in the six parallel bacterial plates counting, proving that they are reliable. Then, the high efficiency of IMNPs@Probes in targeting the resistance genes of P. aeruginosa was demonstrated using the results of chemiluminescent intensities of blaTEM, blaVEB, blaVIM aac(6)II, ant(3)I, and gyrB (more than 10 times higher than that of the control). Sixty-eight in situ clinical samples were tested for the presence of these resistance genes, and one more blaTEM and three more blaVIM individuals were detected using this method compared to the traditional PCR. Thus, the application of our method in clinical screening is specific, accurate, and reliable, and it could be useful in the administration of appropriate treatment.

scholarly journals Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Dosing Requirements Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa Bacteremia

Dose-Response ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 155932581988579
Author(s):  
Jesus Ruiz ◽  
Alejandra Ferrada ◽  
Miguel Salavert ◽  
Mónica Gordon ◽  
Esther Villarreal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Renal Clearance ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Data ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Beta Lactamases ◽  
Susceptibility Data ◽  
A Value ◽  
Dosing Regimens ◽  
Different Doses ◽  
Mic Value

Objectives: To assess the probability of reaching adequate pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamics values for ceftolozane/tazobactam at different doses and degrees of renal functions in patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia. Methods: Six dosing regimens were evaluated: 0.5/0.25 g, 1/0.5 g, and 2/1 g every 8 hours given as 1 hour or 3 hours infusions. Pharmacokinetic data were obtained from the literature. Susceptibility data to ceftolozane were collected from patients with P aeruginosa infection treated with ceftolozane-tazobactam. Probability of reaching a fraction of time (fT) >40% minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and fT >100%MIC value for ceftolozane at 3 different renal clearance values was evaluated. For tazobactam, the probability of reaching an fT >40% and >70% for 3 limit values was calculated. Results: Thirty-seven strains were included. For ceftolozane, the probability of reaching a fT >40%MIC was greater than 90% for any degree of renal function. The probability of reaching a fT >100%MIC for 1 g dose infused over 1 hour and 3 hours was 82.2% and 86.4% for a creatinine clearance (ClCr) >90 mL/min. Using a 2 g dose, the probability was greater than 90% for both infusions rates. For tazobactam, the probability of reaching a value of fT >50% of the limit concentrations was greater than 90% for a ClCr of 70 mL/min. In the case of a ClCr >90 mL/min and limit concentration values ≥ 0.25 mg/mL, only extended infusions showed a probability >90%. Conclusions and Relevance: The standard doses of ceftolozane/tazobactam achieve an adequate fT >40%MIC value. However, doses of 2 g in extended infusion is necessary to reach a value of fT >100%MIC, especially in patients with an increased renal clearance and high levels of beta-lactamases expression.

scholarly journals Imipenem as substrate and inhibitor of β-lactamases

1988 ◽  
Vol 253 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Monks ◽  
S G Waley
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Reversible Reaction ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Beta Lactamases ◽  
Class A ◽  
Class C ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Carbapenem Antibiotic

The interaction between imipenem, a carbapenem antibiotic, and two representative beta-lactamases has been studied. The first enzyme was beta-lactamase I, a class-A beta-lactamase from Bacillus cereus; imipenem behaved as a slow substrate (kcat. 6.7 min-1, Km 0.4 mM at 30 degrees C and at pH 7) that reacted by a branched pathway. There was transient formation of an altered species formed in a reversible reaction; this species was probably an acyl-enzyme in a slightly altered, but considerably more labile, conformation. The kinetics of the reaction were investigated by measuring both the concentration of the substrate and the activity of the enzyme, which fell and then rose again more slowly. The second enzyme was the chromosomal class-C beta-lactamase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa; imipenem was a substrate with a low kcat. (0.8 min-1) and a low Km (0.7 microM). Possible implications for the clinical use of imipenem are considered.

scholarly journals Beta-Lactamases Produced by a Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strain Highly Resistant to Carbenicillin

1977 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 785-790 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Labia ◽  
M. Guionie ◽  
J.-M. Masson ◽  
A. Philippon ◽  
M. Barthelemy
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Beta Lactamases

Molecular Epidemiology of Beta-Lactamases in Ceftazidime-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Halil ER ◽  
Mustafa ALTINDİŞ ◽  
Gülşah AŞIK ◽  
Cengiz DEMİR
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Molecular Epidemiology ◽  
Beta Lactamases

Determination of extended spectrum beta-lactamases, metallo-beta-lactamases and AmpC-beta-lactamases among carbapenem resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from burn patients

Burns ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 1556-1561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davood Kalantar Neyestanaki ◽  
Akbar Mirsalehian ◽  
Fereshteh Rezagholizadeh ◽  
Fereshteh Jabalameli ◽  
Morovat Taherikalani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Burn Patients ◽  
Beta Lactamases ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases
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