scholarly journals Let’s Prefer the Pain Reducing Intervention, Buzzy or ShotBlocker: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Burcu Aykanat Girgin ◽  
Eda Aktaş ◽  
Derya Kılınç ◽  
Duygu Gözen
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Intramuscular Injection ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Pediatric Emergency ◽  
Parental Satisfaction ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Lower Pain

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to detect and compare the effects of ShotBlocker and Buzzy methods on pain, fear, and parental satisfaction during intramuscular injection. METHODS: This study was an experimental randomized controlled trial. The sample included 90 children at the ages of 6 and 12 to whom intramuscular injection was administered in the pediatric emergency department of a university hospital. The participants were randomly assigned to ShotBlocker (n=30), Buzzy (n=30), and control (n=30) groups. Child Information Form, Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale, Children’s Fear Scale, and Parental Satisfaction Questionnaire were used to collect the data. RESULTS: ShotBlocker and Buzzy groups had significantly lower pain and fear scores and higher parental satisfaction than control group after the procedure (p=0.0001). The lowest pain and fear score and the highest parental satisfaction score were observed in Buzzy group (p=0.0001). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Both ShotBlocker and Buzzy methods reduce pain and fear of children during intramuscular injection and increasing satisfaction of their parents. However, when compared to ShotBlocker, Buzzy method is more effective in reducing intramuscular injection-related pain and fear and should be preferred primarily.

scholarly journals Intensive Motion Style Acupuncture Treatment (MSAT) Is Effective for Patients with Acute Whiplash Injury: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 2079
Author(s):  
Doori Kim ◽  
Kyoung-Sun Park ◽  
Jin-Ho Lee ◽  
Won-Hyung Ryu ◽  
Heeyoung Moon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Whiplash Injury ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Acupuncture Treatment ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Korean Medicine ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Motion Style

In this single-center, parallel, randomized controlled trial, we aim to examine the effects and safety of motion style acupuncture treatment (MSAT; a combination of acupuncture and Doin therapy) on pain reduction and functional improvement in patients with whiplash-associated disorders (WADs). Ninety-seven patients with cervical pain admitted to the Bucheon Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine, South Korea, due to acute whiplash injury were treated with integrative Korean medicine (IKM) with (MSAT group, 48 patients) or without (control group, 49 patients) an additional 3-day MSAT during hospitalization (5–14 days) and followed-up for 90 days. The mean numeric rating scale (NRS) scores of the MSAT and control groups at baseline were 5.67 (95% confidence interval (CI), 5.33, 6.01) and 5.44 (95% CI, 5.06, 5.82), respectively, and on day 5, 3.55 (95% CI, 3.04, 4.06) and 4.59 (95% CI, 4.10–5.07), respectively. The NRS change difference between the groups was −1.07 (95% CI, −1.76, −0.37). The rate of recovery of neck pain (NRS score change ≥ 2 points) was significantly faster in the MSAT than in the control group (log-rank test p = 0.0055). IKM treatment combined with MSAT may be effective in reducing the pain and improving the range of motion in patients with WADs.

scholarly journals Effects of Bupropion on Cognitive Function in Schizophrenia: A Double Blind Randomized Controlled Trial

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Mansoureh Mirzadeh ◽  
Najmeh Shahini ◽  
Masoud Kashani Lotf Abadi ◽  
Maryam Tavakoli ◽  
Arash Javanbakht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients

<p>Smoking habits are common in schizophrenic patients. Nicotine can suppress negative symptoms and cognitive impairments. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of bupropion on cognitive function in schizophrenic patients.<strong> </strong>This study is a double blind randomized controlled trial in a large referral psychiatric university hospital in Iran. Ninety smoker schizophrenic patients were randomly allocated (based on DSM -IV TR criteria) in two groups (46 patients for case group and 44 patients in control group). They get risperidone up to 6 mg/d and bupropion up to 400 mg/d .clinical assessment (Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Brief psychiatric rating scale (BPRS) were taken in beginning of study, 14<sup>th</sup> and 28<sup>th</sup> days of study. Cognitive assessment (Stroop, Digit Span, and Wechsler, Wisconsin) were taken in begging of study, the days 2<sup>nd</sup>, 7<sup>th</sup>, 14<sup>th</sup>, 28<sup>th</sup>. All data were analyzed by SPSS Ver. 17 with analytic and descriptive tests. Mean age of patients was 37.66±1.01. Mean duration of disorder was 11.63±.98 years. The scores were significantly lower at the day 28<sup>th</sup> compared to the beginning of the study in both groups in Wechsler, Stroop color word , Stroop word , Stroop color , BPRS, PANSS p value ≤0.05 .The difference between the two treatments was not significant as indicated by the effect of group, the between-subjects factor<strong> </strong><strong>p </strong>value ≥0.05. In this study, the side effects were examined and there was no significant difference between the two groups p value ≥0.05.<strong> </strong>Augmentation of bupropion to routine treatment improves cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia in abstinence of tobacco.</p>

scholarly journals A structured exercise to relieve musculoskeletal pain caused by face-down posture after retinal surgery: a randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A-Young Kim ◽  
Sungsoon Hwang ◽  
Se Woong Kang ◽  
So Yeon Shin ◽  
Won Hyuk Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Musculoskeletal Pain ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Pain Scores ◽  
Lower Back ◽  
Physical Burden ◽  
Lower Pain

AbstractFace-down posture after vitrectomy physically burdens patients. Despite being of significant concern for patients, the intraoperative pain and discomfort has not been of great interest to retinal surgeons or researchers. This randomized controlled trial evaluated the effect of a 3-day novel structured exercise on reducing musculoskeletal pain from the face-down posture in 61 participants (31 in the exercise group) who underwent vitrectomy. Among the subjects, the median age was 62 years, 42 were female, 42 had macular holes, and 19 had retinal detachments. Participants in the exercise group received initial education on the exercise and performed three daily active exercise sessions. After the sessions, the exercise group had median numeric pain scores of 2, 1, and 1 at the back neck, shoulder, and lower back, respectively, while the control group had corresponding scores of 5, 3, and 4, respectively. The exercise group reported significantly lower pain scores (P = .003, .039, and .006 for the back neck, shoulder, and lower back, respectively). Application of the structured exercise would alleviate the patients’ position-induced postoperative physical burden, by reducing pain and discomfort.

scholarly journals Role of Esomeprazole in Early Preeclampsia: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Atwa KA ◽  
◽  
Ibrahim ZM ◽  
Elshaer M ◽  
Taha OT ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Singleton Pregnancy ◽  
Expectant Treatment ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Significant Prolongation

Objective: To investigate the efficacy of esomeprazole in managing early preeclampsia. Methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted at the Obstetric/Gynecology department of Suez Canal University Hospital. We included 160 women between 26-31 years of age, with a singleton pregnancy. Eighty women received esomeprazole along with expectant treatment, whereas 80 women received expectant treatment alone. They were followed up from the date of diagnosis up to four weeks after delivery. The gestational age at termination as well as any complications during the follow-up period were documented and compared between both groups. Results: The mean age of the participants was 30.64 ± 1.62. The gestation of women in the intervention group was longer than those within the control group, with a gestational age at termination of 34.53 ± 1.21 versus 32.78 ± 1.60, respectively (P<0.001). Moreover, women in the intervention group had significantly lower incidences of fits (P= 0.005), antepartum hemorrhage (P=0.005), DIC (P=0.032), and IUFD (P<0.001). Conclusions: Esomeprazole is associated with a significant prolongation of gestation in women with early preeclampsia.

The effectiveness of a nursing staff development Intervention to improve pain management – A randomized controlled trial

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
S. Zoëga ◽  
S.E. Ward ◽  
R.C. Serlin ◽  
H. Sveinsdottir ◽  
E.Th. Gretarsdottir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patient Outcome ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Pain Management ◽  
Pain Assessment ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes

AbstractAimsTo test the effectiveness of the Pain Resource Nurse (PRN) education program in a university hospital.MethodsThis was a randomized controlled trial. Two nurses from each of the 23 participating surgical and medical units were selected to participate in the PRN program. The program consisted of a three day course in pain management with a structured follow up. After a baseline measurement, the units were randomized to either receive the intervention or to serve as a wait-list control. The control group received the intervention following a second data collection 10 months from baseline. Data regarding knowledge and attitudes regarding pain were collected from nurses, but patient data were collected with the American Pain Society Patient Outcome Questionnaire and from medical records. Patients had to be ≥18 years, hospitalized for ≥24 h, alert and able to participate.ResultsParticipating patients were 308 at T1 (73% response rate (RR)) and 329 at T2 (79% RR). Participating nurses were 224 (48% RR) at T1 and 176 (38% RR) at T2. No difference was found between the intervention and control groups regarding knowledge and attitudes of nurses, or in any of the patient outcome variables. The only significant effect of the intervention was improvement in documented standardized pain assessment, which increased from 12% at T1 to 24% at T2 on the intervention units, compared to a decrease from 12% at T1 to 9% at T2 on the control units, p < 0.05.ConclusionsPatient outcomes remained unchanged after the intervention, as were nurses’ knowledge and attitudes. The intervention was, however, successful in changing pain assessment practices. Multifarious efforts to change nursing practice resulted in modest changes. Further studies are needed to advance pain management practices in clinical settings.

scholarly journals A Randomized Controlled Trial of a Non-pharmacological Intervention for Cancer-Related Dyspnea

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patsy Yates ◽  
Janet Hardy ◽  
Alexandra Clavarino ◽  
Kwun M. Fong ◽  
Geoffrey Mitchell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Functional Status ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Pharmacological Intervention ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pharmacological Interventions ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of a brief tailored non-pharmacological intervention comprising breathing retraining and psychosocial support for managing dyspnea in cancer patients.Design: Multicenter, single blinded, parallel group, randomized controlled trial.Setting: Four major public hospitals, Brisbane, Australia.Participants: One hundred and forty four cancer patients, including 81 who received an 8-week tailored intervention and 63 who received standard care.Inclusion Criteria: Diagnosis of small or non-small cell lung cancer, mesothelioma or lung metastases; completed first line therapy for the disease; average dyspnea rating &gt;2 on (0–10) rating scale in past week; anticipated life expectancy ≥3 months.Outcomes: The primary outcome measure was change in “worst” dyspnea at 8 weeks compared to baseline. Secondary outcomes were change in: dyspnea “at best” and “on average”; distress; perceived control over dyspnea; functional status, psychological distress; and use of non-pharmacological interventions to manage dyspnea at 8 weeks relative to baseline.Results: The mean age of participants was 67.9 (SD = 9.6) years. Compared to the control group, the intervention group demonstrated a statistically significant: (i) improvement in average dyspnea from T1(M = 4.5, SE = 0.22) to T3 (M = 3.6, SE = 0.24) vs. (M = 3.8, SE = 0.24) to (M = 4.1, SE = 0.26); (ii) greater control over dyspnea from T1 (M = 5.7, SE = 0.28) to T3 (M = 7.5, SE = 0.31) vs. (M = 6.8, SE = 0.32) to (M = 6.6, SE = 0.33); and (iii) greater reduction in anxiety from T1 (M = 5.4, SE = 0.43) to T3 (M = 4.5, SE = 0.45) vs. (M = 4.2, SE = 0.49) to (M = 4.6, SE = 0.50). This study found no intervention effect for best and worst dyspnea, distress from breathlessness, functional status, and depression over time.Conclusions: This study demonstrates efficacy of tailored non-pharmacological interventions in improving dyspnea on average, control over dyspnea, and anxiety for cancer patients.Clinical Trial Registration: The trial is registered at the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (http://www.anzctr.org.au). The registration number is ACTRN12607000087459.

Recovery After Adenotonsillectomy—Do Steroids Help? Outcomes From a Randomized Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
pp. 019459982097325
Author(s):  
Ariana G. Greenwell ◽  
Amal Isaiah ◽  
Kevin D. Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Pain Control ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Phone Calls ◽  
Ed Visits

Objectives The primary objective was to compare pain control following adenotonsillectomy (AT) in children with and without a single postoperative dose of oral dexamethasone in addition to standard analgesic medication. The secondary objective was to compare changes in caregiver-reported snoring, return to normal diet and baseline function, and the number of phone calls and emergency department (ED) visits. Study Design Prospective randomized controlled trial. Setting Tertiary care university hospital. Methods Children aged 3 to 10 years with sleep-disordered breathing who were scheduled to undergo AT were randomized to receive standard analgesia with or without dexamethasone (0.6 mg/kg) administered on the third postoperative day. Standard analgesia was defined as alternating weight-based doses of ibuprofen and acetaminophen. A nurse practitioner blinded to the study condition performed telephone surveys postoperatively, and the electronic medical record was reviewed. Results Enrollment comprised 149 children, of whom 119 were included. When compared with the control group (n = 61, 51%), children who received dexamethasone (n = 58, 49%) had a greater decrease in reported pain score on day 4 (mean ± SD, 2.5 ± 3.1 vs 1.1 ± 3.5, P < .001). Additionally, steroid use was associated with fewer caregiver phone calls (18 [29.5%] vs 6 [10%]) and ED visits (6 [10%] vs 1 [2%]). Conclusion A single dose of dexamethasone administered on day 3 after adenotonsillectomy significantly improved pain control. There were fewer phone calls and ED visits in the steroid arm. These results support the use of oral steroids as an adjunct for postoperative pain control in children undergoing AT.

Reducing Pain after Second Trimester Genetic Amniocentesis by Postprocedural Cryotherapy: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (8) ◽  
pp. 1235-1240
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Genetic Amniocentesis ◽  
And Control

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of cryotherapy on pain reducing after the second trimester genetic amniocentesis. Materials and Methods: A prospective randomized controlled trial was performed at Maternal-Fetal-Medicine (MFM) Unit at Thammasat University Hospital, Thailand between December 2019 and March 2020. The participants were pregnant women who underwent amniocentesis for genetic evaluation during the study period were divided into two groups, study and control. After finishing amniocentesis, study and control groups received jelly pack at temperature 4-degree Celsius and room temperature, respectively. The pain measurement was 10-cm visual analog scale (VAS) before, during, and 15 and 30 minutes after amniocentesis. Demographic characters and VAS score were recorded and evaluated. Results: Two hundred forty pregnant women between 15 and 22 weeks of gestation were recruited and equally allocated into two groups. There were no differences between the two group in demographic data, indication, anticipated, and actual pain scores (p=0.327 and 0.401, respectively). Median pain score at 15 and 30 minutes after the procedure in the study group were 1 and 0 (p=0.202) while in the control group it was 2 and 1 (0.039). Patients’ satisfaction after finishing the procedure was not significantly different. Conclusion: Cryotherapy was effective in decreasing maternal pain perception after amniocentesis. Keywords: Pregnancy; Amniocentesis; Cold pack; Cryotherapy; Pain

Effect of high-endurance exercise intervention on sleep-dependent procedural memory consolidation in individuals with schizophrenia: a randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Lincoln Lik Hang Lo ◽  
Edwin Ho Ming Lee ◽  
Christy Lai Ming Hui ◽  
Catherine Shiu Yin Chong ◽  
Wing Chung Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Endurance Exercise ◽  
Memory Consolidation ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Procedural Memory ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Motor Sequence ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Abstract Background Little is known about the effects of physical exercise on sleep-dependent consolidation of procedural memory in individuals with schizophrenia. We conducted a randomized controlled trial (RCT) to assess the effectiveness of physical exercise in improving this cognitive function in schizophrenia. Methods A three-arm parallel open-labeled RCT took place in a university hospital. Participants were randomized and allocated into either the high-intensity-interval-training group (HIIT), aerobic-endurance exercise group (AE), or psychoeducation group for 12 weeks, with three sessions per week. Seventy-nine individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorder were contacted and screened for their eligibility. A total of 51 were successfully recruited in the study. The primary outcome was sleep-dependent procedural memory consolidation performance as measured by the finger-tapping motor sequence task (MST). Assessments were conducted during baseline and follow-up on week 12. Results The MST performance scored significantly higher in the HIIT (n = 17) compared to the psychoeducation group (n = 18) after the week 12 intervention (p < 0.001). The performance differences between the AE (n = 16) and the psychoeducation (p = 0.057), and between the AE and the HIIT (p = 0.999) were not significant. Yet, both HIIT (p < 0.0001) and AE (p < 0.05) showed significant within-group post-intervention improvement. Conclusions Our results show that HIIT and AE were effective at reverting the defective sleep-dependent procedural memory consolidation in individuals with schizophrenia. Moreover, HIIT had a more distinctive effect compared to the control group. These findings suggest that HIIT may be a more effective treatment to improve sleep-dependent memory functions in individuals with schizophrenia than AE alone.

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