scholarly journals BETA GLUCAN DEGRADATION DURING POST HARVEST MATURATION OF MALTING BARLEY WITH EMPHASIS ON MALT QUALITY

10.5219/19 ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam Líšková ◽  
Helena Frančáková ◽  
Ján Mareček
Keyword(s):  
Malting Barley ◽  
Beta Glucan ◽  
Malt Quality ◽  
Post Harvest

scholarly journals Germination index as an indicator of malting potential

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 377-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Frančáková ◽  
M. Líšková ◽  
T. Bojňanská ◽  
J. Mareček
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Germination Index ◽  
Physiological Parameter ◽  
Malting Barley ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Beta Glucan ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Excellent Quality ◽  
Beer Production

The malting industry requires malt with a high extract yield, high levels of enzyme activity, and good modification to manufacture beer of excellent quality. The basic raw material for the beer production is the malting barley whose quality is of primary significance. Therefore, barley must be able to germinate vigorously and be post-harvest mature to meet these requirements. We find out to what extent barley physiological parameters influence the changes of malt technological parameters during post-harvest storage. The malt technological parameters investigated were the extract, relative extract at 45°C, Kolbach index, apparent final attenuation, friability, and wort β-glucan in relation to the germination energy and germination index. On the basis of the results obtained, it was found out that the germination index is the most suitable physiological parameter in view of the correlations with malt technological parameters, mainly the extract (r = 0.57) and relative extract at 45°C (r = 0.77). The germination index could be therefore used in the malting industry as a suitable indicator of the malting potential.  

scholarly journals Breeding of a new malting barley ‛Harusayaka’ with high yield, resistance to BaYMV, and low occurrences of both damaged grain and post-harvest sprouting

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroomi Kai ◽  
Kinuko Takata ◽  
Takahide Baba ◽  
Yuhi Haraguchi ◽  
Michio Hamada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Yield ◽  
Malting Barley ◽  
Post Harvest

scholarly journals Effects of plant growth regulator applications on malting barley in western Canada

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (6) ◽  
pp. 653-665
Author(s):  
B.D. Tidemann ◽  
J.T. O’Donovan ◽  
M. Izydorczyk ◽  
T.K. Turkington ◽  
L. Oatway ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Malting Barley ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Malt Quality ◽  
Days To Maturity

Malting barley is important in western Canada, yet many malting cultivars do not meet malt quality standards, in part due to lodging. Lodging can decrease barley yield and quality thereby reducing the acceptability for malting. In other countries, plant growth regulator (PGR) applications are used to mitigate lodging. Chlormequat chloride (chlormequat), trinexapac-ethyl (trinexapac), and ethephon were tested at five locations over 3 yr in western Canada for their ability to limit lodging, as well as their effects on yield, agronomic traits, and pre-malt quality characteristics. PGR applications occurred between Zadoks growth stage (GS) 30–33 for chlormequat and trinexapac and GS 37–49 for ethephon. Seeding rates of 200, 300, and 400 seeds m−2 of CDC Copeland barley were used to increase the likelihood of lodging. Increased seeding rate decreased tillers per plant, height, days to maturity, kernel protein, and kernel weight. Ethephon increased the number of tillers per plant and decreased plant height, kernel plumpness, and kernel weight. Trinexapac decreased plant height and kernel weight. Days to maturity was investigated across site-years, with ethephon increasing maturity in 60% of comparisons. Trinexapac and chlormequat had limited effects on maturity. Lodging was investigated across site-years, with trinexapac showing the largest number of lodging reductions and scale of reductions. Ethephon reduced lodging in 36% of comparisons, while chlormequat had inconsistent effects. None of the products affected yield or grain protein. The results suggest PGRs may not be the solution to lodging for CDC Copeland barley on the Canadian Prairies; however, trinexapac shows the most promise of the products tested.

scholarly journals Comparison of important parameters of spring and winter barley cultivated in sugar beet production area of Czech Republic

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 237-242
Author(s):  
J. Špunar ◽  
K. Vaculová ◽  
M. Špunarová ◽  
Z. Nesvadba
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Quality Parameter ◽  
Winter Barley ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Malting Quality ◽  
Malting Barley ◽  
Beta Glucan ◽  
Production Area ◽  
Reduction Of Area

Both spring and winter barley were sown after a forecrop of winter rape. Three registered model varieties of six row and two row winter barley reached in the period 1999–2001 significantly higher yield than three model varieties of spring barley. Two row spring and winter varieties produced significantly higher thousand grain weight (TGW) than six row winter barley. The resistance to diseases and lodging (correlation coefficient with resistance to powdery mildew represent 0.68**, rust 0.72*, lodging 0.61**) was the most important factor determining the yield. Resistance to rust has influenced sieving on 2.5 mm, correlation coefficient reached value 0.88**. No significant differences were determined in any malting quality parameter when varieties of two row winter barley variety (Tiffany), and spring barley varieties (Akcent and Tolar) were compared. Variety Tolar reached higher parameters for friability and a beta glucan content. Between years, significant differences were found in following parameters: protein content and apparent degree of attenuation. Due to reduction of area sown with spring barley and reduced yield potential, two row winter barley varieties with comparable malting parameters are recommended to be cultivated as the reserve crop for malting barley industry demands.

scholarly journals Malt quality during the post-harvest maturation of barley.

2010 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena FIŠEROVÁ ◽  
Josef PROKEŠ ◽  
Alena HELÁNOVÁ ◽  
Jiří HARTMANN
Keyword(s):  
Malt Quality ◽  
Post Harvest

scholarly journals Influencing malt quality by exogenous ethylene application performed in the course of post-harvest ripening of barley grain.

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 246-252
Author(s):  
Ivo HARTMAN ◽  
Helena FIŠEROVÁ ◽  
Alena HELÁNOVÁ ◽  
Josef PROKEŠ ◽  
Jiří HARTMANN
Keyword(s):  
Barley Grain ◽  
Malt Quality ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Exogenous Ethylene

Immature barley seeds as a degrading factor for Canadian malting barley

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-226
Author(s):  
M. J. Edney ◽  
D. Beswitherick
Keyword(s):  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Visual Detection ◽  
Malting Barley ◽  
Protein Extract ◽  
Malt Quality ◽  
Green Seed ◽  
The Past ◽  
Malt Barley

Canadian malt barley in the past was downgraded on visual detection of any immature barley kernels. The quality of malt made from immature barley has been investigated in the past, but conclusions were inconsistent. The factor, though, was removed from Canadian malting barley grades in August 2008. The present study used a different approach to investigate the effects of immature kernels on malt quality. A series of commercial malt barley samples were adulterated with varying levels of immature kernels. Samples were visually graded, malted and analysed for malt quality. Immature kernels were found to affect malt quality, but only significantly when samples contained 2% or more immature kernels. Soluble protein, which increased in samples with more immature kernels, was the quality factor of greatest concern. Canadian malt is often criticized for high soluble protein, which can lead to an unacceptably high wort colour. The research supported downgrading of samples on account of immature kernels, but only when the level was 2% or higher. However, grain inspectors consistently downgraded the experimental samples with as low as 0.2% immature kernels, as per the previous grade determinants. The new grade schedule has no tolerances for immature kernels, but this study supported reinstatement of a tolerance level of 2% immature kernels. Key words: Green seed, quality, malt, soluble protein, extract, wort colour

Effect of Ozone Treatment on the Safety and Quality of Malting Barley

2011 ◽  
Vol 74 (12) ◽  
pp. 2134-2141 ◽  
Author(s):  
JAMES G. DODD ◽  
ANURADHA VEGI ◽  
ASHWINI VASHISHT ◽  
DENNIS TOBIAS ◽  
PAUL SCHWARZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Method ◽  
The United States ◽  
Ozone Treatment ◽  
Malting Barley ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Malt Quality ◽  
Fusarium Infection ◽  
Gaseous Ozone ◽  
Plate Counts ◽  
Mold And Yeast

Molds and their mycotoxins are an expensive problem for the malting and brewing industries. Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a mycotoxin that is associated with Fusarium spp. These fungi frequently cause Fusarium head blight in wheat and barley in the midwestern region of the United States; Manitoba, Canada; Europe; and China. Barley growers and malt producers would benefit from a postharvest control method for mold growth and DON production. We evaluated the use of gaseous ozone (O3) for preventing Fusarium growth and mycotoxin production while maintaining malt quality characteristics. Micromalting was performed in three replications under standard conditions. Ozone treatment was applied to malting barley during steeping via a submerged gas sparger. Ozone treatment conditions were 26 mg/cm3 for 120 min after 2 and 6 h of steeping. The effects of gaseous ozone on DON, aerobic plate counts, Fusarium infection, and mold and yeast counts of barley throughout the malting process were measured. Various quality parameters of the malt were measured after kilning. Statistical tools were used to determine the significance of all results. Ozonation of malting barley during steeping did not lead to significant reductions in aerobic plate counts but did lead to a 1.5-log reduction in mold and yeast counts in the final malt. The influence of gaseous ozone on DON concentration was inconclusive because of the low initial concentrations of DON in the barley. Ozone significantly reduced Fusarium infection in germinated barley. Gaseous ozone did not negatively influence any aspect of malt quality and may have subtle beneficial effects on diastatic power and β-glucan concentrations.

Evolution of a quality testing program for improving malting barley in Canada

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 535-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Edney ◽  
A. L. MacLeod ◽  
D. E. LaBerge
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation System ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Malt Extract ◽  
Malting Barley ◽  
Malt Quality ◽  
Testing Program ◽  
Low Phytic Acid ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Quality Testing ◽  
Barley Protein

Edney, M. J., MacLeod, A. L. and LaBerge, D. E. 2014. Evolution of a quality testing program for improving malting barley in Canada. Can. J. Plant Sci. 94: 535–544. The quality of Canadian malting barley has continually improved since malt barley was exported in the late 1800s. Improvements were linked to a dynamic evaluation system that evolved with a better understanding of malting biochemistry and as suitable methods were developed. Methods became more accurate and more specific in their ability to define quality. They progressed from sensory evaluation, to surmising malt quality from barley protein levels, to the first micro-maltings followed by automated laboratory-scale maltings. Malt quality analysis started simply with malt extract and diastatic power followed by wort protein. As the necessity for cell wall breakdown became better understood, analyses like wort viscosity, fine/coarse grind extract differences and wort β-glucan were adopted. A continuum of cultivars were released in Canada, based on this evaluation system, starting with the six-rowed releases OAC 21, then Montcalm and Bonanza, followed by the two-rowed releases Betzes, Klages, Harrington and AC Metcalfe. Release of future cultivars will depend on an evolving evaluation system that could include; barley homogeneity, specific starch-degrading enzymes, individual amino acids and specific traits such as low lipoxygenase and low phytic acid barley. The result will be development and release of cultivars with better defined quality that can fill specialized niches in the malting and brewing industries of the future.

Genetic and Malt Quality Diversity of East Asian Two-Rowed Barley Accessions in Relationship to North American Malting Barley

Cerevisia ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-54
Author(s):  
G. Tai YU ◽  
J.D. Franckowiak ◽  
R.D. Horsley ◽  
P.B. Schwarz
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Malting Barley ◽  
Malt Quality
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