scholarly journals Genetic identification of the causative agent of Brucellosis

10.5219/1664 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 627-631
Author(s):  
Yerkebulan Jakipov ◽  
Muafik Mustafin ◽  
Anda Valdovska ◽  
Sayat Baiseitov ◽  
Ayauly Aitkulova
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Molecular Typing ◽  
Tandem Repeats ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Genetic Identification ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Multilocus Analysis ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Genetic Analyzer

The development of animal husbandry suffers various kinds of losses due to the spread of infectious diseases among animals, in particular Brucellosis. A challenge faced by Brucella researchers has been the accurate identification of new isolates within the genus while preserving sufficient, and not excessive, biosafety and biosecurity requirements. The availability of discriminatory molecular typing tools to inform and assist conventional epidemiological approaches would be invaluable in controlling these infections, but efforts have been hampered by the genetic homogeneity of the genus. In this work, for better identification of infection, for control and monitor the source of outbreaks in prosperous areas was carried out identification of Brucella spp. strains which circulating in the Kostanay region. For this was used using multilocus analysis of a variable number of tandem repeats sequenced by 16 s – PNK on a genetic analyzer (sequencer). According to the results of a study of cattle, cultures of microorganisms were infected: No. 4, 5, 7, 8. Comparison of the obtained results with similar results of domestic and foreign works by A. Shevtsov, G. Borrello, P. Le Fleche, G. Garofolo suggest that the genotyping of local strains has an importance in the molecular epizootology of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

scholarly journals Mycobaterial interspersed repetitive units-variable number of tandem repeats analysis and pattern of drug resistance in extended drug resistant (XDR) TB isolates from pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
Shirin Tarafder ◽  
Md Bayzid Bin Monir
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Molecular Typing ◽  
Tandem Repeats ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Gyra Gene ◽  
Drug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Tree Analysis ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Mdr Tb

Background: To investigate the spread of specific genotypes in a defined geographical area and to determine any relationship of these genotypes with drug resistance the most essential method is molecular typing. It allows a rapid and precise species differentiation. Objective: This study was intended to observe the genotypes of XDR mycobacterium tuberculosis by determining 24 loci MIRU-VNTR analysis. Methods: To gain an insight about molecular typing of MTB and drug resistance-associated mutations in XDR-TB isolates a total of 98 multi drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) isolates collected through Xpert MTB/RIF assay. They were subjected to 2nd line (Fluoroquinolones, kanamycin, capreomycin and amikacin) drug susceptibility testing through line probe assay (LPA) in a view to detect extensively drug resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB). Genotyping was done for XDR-TB isolates using 24 loci Mycobacterial Interspersed Repetitive Units-Variable Number of Tandem Repeats (MIRU-VNTR) using the online tool at http://www.MIRU-VNTRplus.org.. Out of 98 MDR-TB isolates 11(11.23%)  XDR-TB isolates were typed and analysed. Results: Twenty four loci MIRU-VNTR genotyping involving similarity searching and phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that six (54.60%) XDR-TB isolates belonged to Beijing strain, Other MTB strain also detected were Delhi/CAS two(18.20%), Haarlem two(18.20%) and New-1, one (9.10%) in number. Minimum spanning tree analysis showed two strain of Beijing family form a clonal complex. Beijing strains were more common among younger age group and within urban population. Beijing strains were also predominant in treatment failure patient. Only one new case of XDR-TB belongs to Delhi/CAS family. Second line mycobacterial drug resistance (MTBDRsl) detected by LPA showed the most prevalent mutations involved in Fluoroquinolones drug resistance (FQ) was Asp94Gly in gyrA gene (54.55%) in quinolone resistance determining region (QRDR) and for Injectable 2nd line Drug resistance (ISL) was A1401G, C1402T in 16S rrs gene (100%)..  All XDR-TB isolates showed resistance to Levofloxacin in 2nd line LPA but Moxifloxacin showed low level resistance to some cases. Conclusion: Molecular typing of XDR- TB isolates and pattern of drug resistance associated mutations in XDR-TB isolates in Bangladesh have not been reported previously. The result of this study highlights the need to reinforce the TB policy in Bangladesh with regard to control the spread and transmission as well as detection and treatment strategies regarding XDR-TB. Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2020; 46(1): 22-28

scholarly journals CRISPR elements provide a new framework for the genealogy of the citrus canker pathogen Xanthomonas citri pv. citri

BMC Genomics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwanho Jeong ◽  
Alejandra Muñoz-Bodnar ◽  
Nathalia Arias Rojas ◽  
Lucie Poulin ◽  
Luis Miguel Rodriguez-R ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Typing ◽  
Tandem Repeats ◽  
Citrus Canker ◽  
Genetic Identification ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Genetic Lineage ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Xanthomonas Citri ◽  
Canker Pathogen ◽  
New Framework

Abstract Background Xanthomonads are an important clade of Gram-negative bacteria infecting a plethora of economically important host plants, including citrus. Knowledge about the pathogen’s diversity and population structure are prerequisite for epidemiological surveillance and efficient disease management. Rapidly evolving genetic loci, such as Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR), are of special interest to develop new molecular typing tools. Results We analyzed CRISPR loci of 56 Xanthomonas citri pv. citri strains of world-wide origin, a regulated pathogen causing Asiatic citrus canker in several regions of the world. With one exception, 23 unique sequences built up the repertoire of spacers, suggesting that this set of strains originated from a common ancestor that already harbored these 23 spacers. One isolate originating from Pakistan contained a string of 14 additional, probably more recently acquired spacers indicating that this genetic lineage has or had until recently the capacity to acquire new spacers. Comparison of CRISPR arrays with previously obtained molecular typing data, such as amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLP), variable-number of tandem-repeats (VNTR) and genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP), demonstrated that these methods reveal similar evolutionary trajectories. Notably, genome analyses allowed to generate a model for CRISPR array evolution in X. citri pv. citri, which provides a new framework for the genealogy of the citrus canker pathogen. Conclusions CRISPR-based typing will further improve the accuracy of the genetic identification of X. citri pv. citri outbreak strains in molecular epidemiology analyses, especially when used concomitantly with another genotyping method.

Genotyping Mycoplasma synoviae: Development of a multi-locus variable number of tandem-repeats analysis and comparison with current molecular typing methods

2018 ◽  
Vol 226 ◽  
pp. 41-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zsuzsa Kreizinger ◽  
Kinga M. Sulyok ◽  
Katinka Bekő ◽  
Áron B. Kovács ◽  
Dénes Grózner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Typing ◽  
Tandem Repeats ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Mycoplasma Synoviae ◽  
Typing Methods

scholarly journals CRISPR elements provide a new framework for the genealogy of the citrus canker pathogen Xanthomonas citri pv. citri

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwanho Jeong ◽  
Alejandra Muñoz-Bodnar ◽  
Nathalia Arias Rojas ◽  
Lucie Poulin ◽  
Luis Miguel Rodriguez-R ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Typing ◽  
Tandem Repeats ◽  
Citrus Canker ◽  
Genetic Identification ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Genetic Lineage ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Xanthomonas Citri ◽  
Canker Pathogen ◽  
New Framework

Abstract Background Xanthomonads are an important clade of Gram-negative bacteria infecting a plethora of economically important host plants, including citrus. Knowledge about the pathogen’s diversity and population structure are prerequisite for epidemiological surveillance and efficient disease management. Rapidly evolving genetic loci, such as Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR), are of special interest to develop new molecular typing tools. Results We analyzed CRISPR loci of 56 Xanthomonas citri pv. citri strains of world-wide origin, a regulated pathogen causing Asiatic citrus canker in several regions of the world. With one exception, 23 unique sequences built up the repertoire of spacers, suggesting that this set of strains originated from a common ancestor that already harbored these 23 spacers. One isolate originating from Pakistan contained a string of 14 additional, probably more recently acquired spacers indicating that this genetic lineage has or had until recently the capacity to acquire new spacers. Comparison of CRISPR arrays with previously obtained molecular typing data, such as amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLP), variable-number of tandem-repeats (VNTR) and genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP), demonstrated that these methods reveal similar evolutionary trajectories. Notably, genome analyses allowed to generate a model for CRISPR array evolution in X. citri pv. citri, which provides a new framework for the genealogy of the citrus canker pathogen. Conclusions CRISPR-based typing will further improve the accuracy of the genetic identification of X. citri pv. citri outbreak strains in molecular epidemiology analyses, especially when used concomitantly with another genotyping method.

scholarly journals CRISPR elements provide a new framework for the genealogy of the citrus canker pathogen Xanthomonas citri pv. citri

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwanho Jeong ◽  
Alejandra Muñoz-Bodnar ◽  
Nathalia Arias Rojas ◽  
Lucie Poulin ◽  
Luis Miguel Rodriguez-R ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Typing ◽  
Tandem Repeats ◽  
Citrus Canker ◽  
Genetic Identification ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Genetic Lineage ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Xanthomonas Citri ◽  
Canker Pathogen ◽  
New Framework

Abstract Background Xanthomonads are an important clade of Gram-negative bacteria infecting a plethora of economically important host plants, including citrus. Knowledge about the pathogen’s diversity and population structure are prerequisite for epidemiological surveillance and efficient disease management. Rapidly evolving genetic loci, such as Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR), are of special interest to develop new molecular typing tools. Results We analyzed CRISPR loci of 56 Xanthomonas citri pv. citri strains of world-wide origin, a regulated pathogen causing Asiatic citrus canker in several regions of the world. With one exception, 23 unique sequences built up the repertoire of spacers, suggesting that this set of strains originated from a common ancestor that already harbored these 23 spacers. One isolate originating from Pakistan contained a string of 14 additional, probably more recently acquired spacers indicating that this genetic lineage has or had until recently the capacity to acquire new spacers. Comparison of CRISPR arrays with previously obtained molecular typing data, such as amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLP), variable-number of tandem-repeats (VNTR) and genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP), demonstrated that these methods reveal similar evolutionary trajectories. Notably, genome analyses allowed to generate a model for CRISPR array evolution in X. citri pv. citri, which provides a new framework for the genealogy of the citrus canker pathogen. Conclusions CRISPR-based typing will further improve the accuracy of the genetic identification of X. citri pv. citri outbreak strains in molecular epidemiology analyses, especially when used concomitantly with another genotyping method.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document