scholarly journals Incidental benefits after fecal microbiota transplant for ulcerative colitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-340
Author(s):  
Ramit Mahajan ◽  
Vandana Midha ◽  
Arshdeep Singh ◽  
Varun Mehta ◽  
Yogesh Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽  
Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Fecal Microbiota Transplant ◽  
The Public ◽  
Gut Dysbiosis ◽  
Infectious Gastroenteritis ◽  
Public Media ◽  
Maintenance Of Remission

Gut dysbiosis can result in several diseases, including infections (<i>Clostridium difficile</i> infection and infectious gastroenteritis), autoimmune diseases (inflammatory bowel disease, diabetes, and allergic disorders), behavioral disorders and other conditions like metabolic syndrome and functional gastrointestinal disorders. Amongst various therapies targeting gut microbiome, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is becoming a focus in the public media and peer reviewed literature. We have been using FMT for induction of remission in patients with moderate to severe active ulcerative colitis (UC) and also for subsequent maintenance of remission. Four cases reported incidental benefits while being treated with FMT for UC. These included weight loss (n=1), improvement in hair loss (n=1), amelioration of axial arthritis (n=1) and improvement in allergic rhinitis (n=1), thereby suggesting potential clinical applications of FMT in treating extraintestinal diseases associated with gut dysbiosis.

scholarly journals Fecal Microbiota Transplant in Two Ulcerative Colitis Pediatric Cases: Gut Microbiota and Clinical Course Correlations

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1486
Author(s):  
Andrea Quagliariello ◽  
Federica Del Chierico ◽  
Sofia Reddel ◽  
Alessandra Russo ◽  
Andrea Onetti Muda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Phylogenetic Distance ◽  
Fecal Microbiota Transplant ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Clinical Conditions ◽  
And Control

Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a promising strategy in the management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The clinical effects of this practice are still largely unknown and unpredictable. In this study, two children affected by mild and moderate ulcerative colitis (UC), were pre- and post-FMT monitored for clinical conditions and gut bacterial ecology. Microbiota profiling relied on receipts’ time-point profiles, donors and control cohorts’ baseline descriptions. After FMT, the improvement of clinical conditions was recorded for both patients. After 12 months, the mild UC patient was in clinical remission, while the moderate UC patient, after 12 weeks, had a clinical worsening. Ecological analyses highlighted an increase in microbiota richness and phylogenetic distance after FMT. This increase was mainly due to Collinsella aerofaciens and Eubacterium biforme, inherited by respective donors. Moreover, a decrease of Proteus and Blautia producta, and the increment of Parabacteroides, Mogibacteriaceae, Bacteroides eggerthi, Bacteroides plebeius, Ruminococcus bromii, and BBacteroidesovatus were associated with remission of the patient’s condition. FMT results in a long-term response in mild UC, while in the moderate form there is probably need for multiple FMT administrations. FMT leads to a decrease in potential pathogens and an increase in microorganisms correlated to remission status.

P163 DYSREGULATED MICROBIAL METABOLISM IN ULCERATIVE COLITIS INCREASES THE RISK OF CLOSTRIDIODES DIFFICILE INFECTION

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S40-S40
Author(s):  
Hiroko Kitamoto ◽  
Peter Higgins ◽  
Vincent Young ◽  
Nobuhiko Kamada
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Microbial Metabolism ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Host Susceptibility ◽  
Gut Dysbiosis ◽  
Clostridioides Difficile ◽  
Increased Susceptibility

Abstract Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is recognized as a major clinical complication in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). However, the mechanism associated with increased susceptibility to C. difficile in UC patients remains poorly understood. Given the evidence that the gut microbiota plays a critical role in the prevention of CDI and that gut microbiota is perturbed in UC patients, we hypothesized that UC-associated gut dysbiosis contributes to the increased susceptibility of patients to CDI. To address this hypothesis, we employed the human microbiota-associated (HMA) mouse model. Germ-free mice were colonized with the gut microbiotas isolated from either UC patients or healthy control (HC) subjects. Utilizing this model, we have found that UC-HMA mice are susceptible to C. difficile, while HC-HMA mice are completely protected. An isogenic mutant C. difficile strain, which lacks the succinate utilization operon, exhibited impaired colonization to UC-HMA mice, indicating that succinate is a key metabolite that promotes the colonization of C. difficile in UC-HMA mice. Restoration of healthy microbiotas by fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) reduced luminal concentration of succinate in UC-HMA mice, thereby rendering the mice protective against CDI. The abundance of succinate-consuming bacteria likely regulates the availability of luminal succinate. We found that host mucus/epithelial N-glycosylation plays a crucial role in the growth of succinate-consuming bacteria in the gut. The expression of N-glycosylation–related enzymes were reduced in UC patients, which may lead to the gut dysbiosis with decreased succinate-consuming bacteria and increased luminal succinate. Taken together, impaired host N-glycosylation in UC induces gut dysbiosis and subsequent dysregulation of gut microbial metabolism. The impaired microbial metabolic activities - reduced succinate utilization - increases host susceptibility to C. difficile.

scholarly journals Fecal transplantation indications in ulcerative colitis. Preliminary study

2016 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 224-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihaela Laszlo ◽  
Lidia Ciobanu ◽  
Vasile Andreica ◽  
Oliviu Pascu
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Clostridium Difficile Infection ◽  
Biological Therapy ◽  
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽  
Immunosuppressive Treatment ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Fecal Microbiota Transplant ◽  
Multiple Relapses

Background and aims. Fecal microbiota transplantation is used with success in persistent (more than two episodes) Clostridium Difficile Infection; it has also gained importance and started to be used in inflammatory bowel disease. There are theoretical arguments that justify its use in ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s disease. Based on our clinical cases we tried to evaluate the indications of fecal microbiota transplantation young patients with ulcerative colitis  and multiple relapses, in which biological or immunosuppressive treatment were ineffective.Methods. Five patients with moderate-severe ulcerative colitis or Clostridium Difficile infection who ceased to have a therapeutic response to biological therapy, were given fecal microbiota transplant as an alternative to biological therapy and/or immunosuppression. Fecal microbiota transplant was administered via colonoscopy using healthy donors from their family.Results. The results were favorable and spectacular in all patients and complete remission was achieved for at least 10 months. Clinical remission was achieved in all patients. Endoscopic appearance of ulcers in patients improved. In 2 patients the effect of the fecal microbiota transplant diminished after 10-12 months and the tendency to relapse appeared (3-4 stools/day, blood streaks present sometimes in the stool). Reintroduction of systemic therapy or immunosuppression demonstrated that patients regained the therapeutic response to these treatments, and remission was maintained.Conclusion. Fecal microbiota transplantation can be used as salvage therapy in patients refractory to biological therapy, as elective therapy in clostridium difficile infection or as an alternative therapy in young patients with multiple relapses who have reservations regarding biological or immunosuppressive treatment.

scholarly journals Gastrointestinal disturbance and effect of fecal microbiota transplantation in discharged COVID-19 patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fengqiong Liu ◽  
Shanliang Ye ◽  
Xin Zhu ◽  
Xuesong He ◽  
Shengzhou Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Microbiome Composition ◽  
Operational Taxonomic Units ◽  
Gut Dysbiosis ◽  
Rehabilitative Intervention ◽  
Oral Capsule

Abstract Background To investigate the potential beneficial effect of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) on gastrointestinal symptoms, gut dysbiosis and immune status in discharged COVID-19 patients. Case presentation A total of 11 COVID-19 patients were recruited in April, 2020, about one month on average after they were discharged from the hospital. All subjects received FMT for 4 consecutive days by oral capsule administrations with 10 capsules for each day. In total, 5 out of 11 patients reported to be suffered from gastrointestinal symptoms, which were improved after FMT. After FMT, alterations of B cells were observed, which was characterized as decreased naive B cell (P = 0.012) and increased memory B cells (P = 0.001) and non-switched B cells (P = 0.012).The microbial community richness indicated by operational taxonomic units number, observed species and Chao1 estimator was marginally increased after FMT. Gut microbiome composition of discharged COVID-19 patients differed from that of the general population at both phylum and genera level, which was characterized with a lower proportion of Firmicutes (41.0%) and Actinobacteria (4.0%), higher proportion of Bacteroidetes (42.9%) and Proteobacteria (9.2%). FMT can partially restore the gut dysbiosis by increasing the relative abundance of Actinobacteria (15.0%) and reducing Proteobacteria (2.8%) at the phylum level. At the genera level, Bifidobacterium and Faecalibacterium had significantly increased after FMT. Conclusions After FMT, altered peripheral lymphocyte subset, restored gut microbiota and alleviated gastrointestinal disorders were observe, suggesting that FMT may serve as a potential therapeutic and rehabilitative intervention for the COVID-19.

scholarly journals Crosstalk between Gut and Brain in Alzheimer’s Disease: The Role of Gut Microbiota Modulation Strategies

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 690
Author(s):  
Umair Shabbir ◽  
Muhammad Sajid Arshad ◽  
Aysha Sameen ◽  
Deog-Hwan Oh
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Gut Dysbiosis ◽  
Dynamic Population

The gut microbiota (GM) represents a diverse and dynamic population of microorganisms and about 100 trillion symbiotic microbial cells that dwell in the gastrointestinal tract. Studies suggest that the GM can influence the health of the host, and several factors can modify the GM composition, such as diet, drug intake, lifestyle, and geographical locations. Gut dysbiosis can affect brain immune homeostasis through the microbiota–gut–brain axis and can play a key role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, including dementia and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The relationship between gut dysbiosis and AD is still elusive, but emerging evidence suggests that it can enhance the secretion of lipopolysaccharides and amyloids that may disturb intestinal permeability and the blood–brain barrier. In addition, it can promote the hallmarks of AD, such as oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, amyloid-beta formation, insulin resistance, and ultimately the causation of neural death. Poor dietary habits and aging, along with inflammatory responses due to dysbiosis, may contribute to the pathogenesis of AD. Thus, GM modulation through diet, probiotics, or fecal microbiota transplantation could represent potential therapeutics in AD. In this review, we discuss the role of GM dysbiosis in AD and potential therapeutic strategies to modulate GM in AD.

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