scholarly journals Does Costal Cartilage Resection Reduce Lung Volume ? (An Experimental Stereological Study)

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-65
Author(s):  
Ayşen TASLAK ŞENGÜL ◽  
Yasemin BÜYÜKKARABACAK ◽  
Gamze ALTUN ◽  
Zuhal ALTUNKAYNAK ◽  
Bilal ŞENGÜL ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chest Wall ◽  
Lung Volume ◽  
Costal Cartilage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Lung Volume ◽  
Cavalieri Principle ◽  
Young Subjects ◽  
Bilateral Lung ◽  
The Right ◽  
Surgical Group

Background: Surgical treatment of chest wall deformities is done with costal cartilage resection in selected patients in adolescence. In this study, we evaluated the effect of costal cartilage resections on the lung volume by using computed tomography with stereologically. Methods: In this study, sixteen 4-weeks-old New Zealand rabbits were employed. Young subjects were preferred to evaluate the effect of the operation on the growth process. In order to avoid postoperative complications, only 2 costal cartilage resection was performed. The surgical group was resected to the right 4 and 5 costal cartilages (n = 8). The group that was not operated was accepted as the control group (n=8). The growth of the subjects was followed. Computed thorax tomography (CTT) scans of all animals were performed preoperatively and at the 4th postoperative week. Estimation of pre- and postoperative lung volumes was performed with the Cavalieri principle. Results: In the control group followed up during growth, bilateral lung volume was increased (15.75% and 20.62% respectively right and left lungs). In the surgical group, both the surgical side and the opposite lung volume decreased after costal cartilage resection (20.09% and 1.07% respectively right and left lungs). Conclusions: Even though the number of resected cartilage was limited, total lung volume decreased after costal cartilage resection. In the treatment of chest wall deformities, costal cartilage resection should be considered as the last option in children.

scholarly journals Quantitative assessment of the posttreatment lung volume changes in patients with flail chest on computed chest tomography images

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-137
Author(s):  
Yasemin Bilgin BÜYÜKKARABACAK ◽  
Seçluk GÜRZ ◽  
Mehmet Gökhan PIRZIRENLI ◽  
Aysen Taslak ŞENGÜL ◽  
Ahmet BAŞOĞLU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Volume ◽  
Flail Chest ◽  
Chronic Phase ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Ct Images ◽  
Volume Changes ◽  
Total Lung Volume ◽  
Conservative Group ◽  
Cavalieri Principle

Complications encountered in the chronic phase in flail chest patients are a decrease in lung volume due to chest wall deformities and secondary restrictive respiratory function disorders. The aim of the study was to determine the differences in lung volume changes between flail chest patients who were treated non-surgically and those who were treated with surgical stabilisation. The study was conducted on twenty patients who applied to our clinic and were diagnosed with flail chest. There were ten patients in the non-surgically treated group and ten in the surgical stabilisation group. Computed tomography (CT) images of the patients were received before the treatment and in the third post-operative month. Total lung volumes were estimated on CT images using the planimetry method of the Cavalieri principle. The relationship between the treatment method and volume changes was analysed. While the total lung volume increased 12.9% post-operatively in the non-surgically treated group, it increased 36.9% in the surgical stabilisation group (p<0.05). In those cases of hemithorax affected by trauma, the increase in volume in the surgical stabilisation group was 41.6 (34.6%), but it was 7.7 (10%) in the non-surgically treated group (p<0.05). In the contralateral hemithorax, the increase observed in the stabilisation group was 42.6 (39.2%) while the increase in the non-surgical treated group was 19.6 (13.9%) (p>0.05). Our findings showed that the post-operative total lung volume increase in the surgically treated group of patients was greater than that of the conservative group. If there are no preventive factors for the surgical approach, surgical rib stabilisation could be the primary choice of treatment in flail chest patients.

Acute Effects of Bilateral Lung Volume Reduction Surgery on Lung and Chest Wall Mechanical Properties

CHEST Journal ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 114 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
George M. Barnas ◽  
Timothy B. Gilbert ◽  
Mark J. Krasna ◽  
Mark J. McGinley ◽  
Michael Fiocco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Chest Wall ◽  
Lung Volume ◽  
Volume Reduction ◽  
Lung Volume Reduction Surgery ◽  
Acute Effects ◽  
Lung Volume Reduction ◽  
Bilateral Lung

scholarly journals STUDIES OF LUNG VOLUME

1918 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Garvin ◽  
Christen Lundsgaard ◽  
Donald D. Van Slyke
Keyword(s):  
Chest Wall ◽  
Lung Volume ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Normal Lung ◽  
Lung Volumes ◽  
Total Lung Volume ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Total Capacity ◽  
Residual Air

1. The total capacity, middle capacity, and residual air have been determined in 31 adult male patients suffering from tuberculosis of the lungs. 2. The chest volumes have been determined in each case and the normal lung volumes calculated by means of the ratios worked out in a previous paper. 3. In nine patients with incipient tuberculosis, the total lung volume was found within normal limits, whereas the vital capacity was diminished as a result of an increased residual air. The increase in the residual air was due to less complete expiration, caused partly by diminished movement of the diaphragm, partly by diminished compression of the chest wall. The diminished movement of the diaphragm was, as a rule, most marked on the most affected side. Whether these decreased movements are due to a reflex or to stiffness of the lung tissue we could not determine. The middle capacity was found practically normal. 4. In twenty-two cases of moderately advanced, and advanced tuberculosis, the total lung volume was in most cases markedly decreased. The vital capacity was substantially decreased, principally as a result of the diminished total capacity. The residual air was, as a rule, normal, although in a few cases an increase in residual air also contributed to the decrease in the vital capacity. The middle capacity, on which we do not want to put too much stress, was normal in some patients and considerably diminished in others.

scholarly journals Double lung transplantation in patients with lung atelectasis and complete mediastinal shift

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Neto ◽  
Ernest Chan ◽  
Pablo Sanchez
Keyword(s):  
Lung Transplantation ◽  
Chest Wall ◽  
Lung Volume ◽  
Lung Transplant ◽  
Lung Parenchyma ◽  
Operative Management ◽  
Lung Volume Reduction ◽  
Complete Destruction ◽  
Mediastinal Shift ◽  
The Right

Mediastinal shift and chest wall retraction limits the indication of a double lung transplant in patients with complete destruction of lung parenchyma. We report outcomes as well as preoperative and operative management in two patients with significant lung volume reduction and mediastinal shift due to bronchiectasis of the right lung.

scholarly journals Chondrosarcoma of the anterior chest wall : surgical resection and reconstruction using a two layer polypropylene mesh and bone cement sandwich

2015 ◽  
Vol 05 (04) ◽  
pp. 102-104
Author(s):  
Amol Amonkar ◽  
Mundayat Gopalakrishnan ◽  
AmithKiran Naik ◽  
Vishwanath S. ◽  
Saquib Sultan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Cement ◽  
Chest Wall ◽  
Polypropylene Mesh ◽  
Costal Cartilage ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Large Mass ◽  
Anterior Chest Wall ◽  
Current Therapy ◽  
Malignant Tumours ◽  
The Right

AbstractPrimary malignant tumours of the chest wall are uncommon. Chondrosarcoma is the most common malignancy among them, the current therapy for chondrosarcoma requires adequate surgical excision. A 50 year old male presented with a swelling on the anterior chest wall, trucut biopsy of the swelling was reported as chondrosarcoma. Thorax computed tomography (CT) revealed a large mass nd lesion with the epicentre at the costal cartilage of the right 2 rib extending beyond the chest wall and musculature and protruding internally upto the upper lobe of the right lung, features likely of chondrosarcoma.Inorder to obtain disease free surgical margins, an enst nd rd bloc resection of the tumour along with approximately 4 cms of 1 riband 2 and 3 rib and reconstruction of the anterior chest wall was performed with a 2 layer polypropylene mesh and bone cement sandwich. The post-operative course was uneventful.The chest wall reconstruction with the two layer polypropylene mesh and bone cement provided the essential rigidity and stability to the chest wall.

scholarly journals Imaging of stem cell therapy in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in sheep and its relationship with histopathology

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sirous Sadeghian Chaleshtori ◽  
Mohammad Reza Mokhber Dezfouli ◽  
Javad Abbasi ◽  
Massoumeh Jabbari Fakhr ◽  
Alireza Vajhi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Volume ◽  
Heart Function ◽  
Hounsfield Unit ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Inflammatory Reactions ◽  
Total Lung Volume ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Healthy Sheep ◽  
And Control ◽  
Inflammation Of The Lungs

Abstract Methods: 10 healthy sheep were separated as the control (PBS) and treatment(BM-MSCs). The BM-samples were aspirated in the treatment group and isolation and expansion of BM-MSCs were achieved. 24h after ARDS-induction by E.coli LPS (400 µg/kg), 5×107 BM-MSCs and 1 ml PBS were intrapulmonary infused in the treatment and control groups, respectively. The total lung volume and the Hounsfield unit by CT-scan and the cardiac parameters by echocardiography were calculated before of ARDS (time -24) and cells/PBS infusion time(time 0) and then for 6,12,24,48,72,168h after cells/PBS infusion. At the end, the sheep were sacrificed and the hearts and lungs were macroscopically and microscopically checked.Results: The results showed the total lung volume and the Hounsfield unit increased at time 0, but BM-MSCs declined their amount, so that the changes were significant at 168h compared with time 0 and comparisons between the two-groups represented the significant difference at 72h and 168h. The cardiac parameters did not changes significantly in the two-groups at different times but the comparison between them demonstrated significant difference in LVPWs, IVSs,IVSd,%FS,RVOTVmax,LA(d1) and AO(d2) at 168 h, LVIDs,ESV and %EF at 72h and 168h and LVPWd at 72h. Also, the histopathology findings indicated decline of inflammatory reactions, edema, hemorrhage and hyperemia in the respiratory system and no observation of damage to the heart compared with the control-group. Conclusions: The results determined BM-MSCs in ARDS decrease edema and inflammation of the lungs and increase the alveoli air volume and prevent damage to heart function.

scholarly journals Functional and structural evaluation in the lungs of children with repaired congenital diaphragmatic hernia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
June-Young Koh ◽  
Euiseok Jung ◽  
Hyun Woo Goo ◽  
Seong-Chul Kim ◽  
Dae Yeon Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia ◽  
Diaphragmatic Hernia ◽  
Lung Volume ◽  
Main Bronchus ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lung Volumes ◽  
Total Lung Volume ◽  
Abnormal Pulmonary Function

Abstract Background To evaluate the long-term functional and structural pulmonary development in children with repaired congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) and to identify the associated perinatal-neonatal risk factors. Methods Children with repaired CDH through corrective surgery who were born at gestational age ≥ 35 weeks were included in this analysis. Those who were followed for at least 5 years were subjected to spirometry and chest computed tomography for evaluation of their functional and structural growth. Main bronchus diameters and lung volumes (total, left/right) were measured. According to total lung volume (TLV) relative to body surface area, children were grouped into TLV ≥ 50 group and TLV < 50 group and the associations with perinatal-neonatal factors were analyzed. Results Of the 28 children (mean age, 6.2 ± 0.2 years) with left-sided CDH, 7 (25%) had abnormal pulmonary function, of whom 6 (87%) showed restrictive patterns. All pulmonary functions except FEF25–75% were worse than those in matched healthy control group. Worse pulmonary function was significantly associated with small head and abdominal circumferences at birth. The mean TLV was 1339.1 ± 363.9 mL and LLV/TLV was 47.9 ± 2.5 mL. Children with abnormal pulmonary function were more likely to have smaller lung volumes. In multivariate analysis, abdominal circumference at birth was significantly associated with abnormal lung volume. Conclusions A quarter of children with repaired CDH showed abnormal pulmonary function. Small abdominal circumference at birth was associated with abnormal pulmonary function and lower TLV. 

Correlation of Metabolic Risk Factors with Sessile Serrated Lesions

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-179
Author(s):  
Melania Macarie ◽  
Simona Bataga ◽  
Simona Mocan ◽  
Monica Pantea ◽  
Razvan Opaschi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Interval Cancer ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Anatomical Site ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Right Colon ◽  
Serrated Lesions ◽  
The Right

Background and Aims: The importance of sessile serrated lesions (SSLs) in the pathogenesis of colorectal carcinoma has been recently established. These are supposed to cause the so-called “interval cancer”, having a rapidly progressive growth and being difficult to detect and to obtain an endoscopic complete resection. We aimed to establish the most important metabolic risk factors for sessile serrated lesions. Methods: We performed a retrospective case-control study, on a series of 2918 consecutive patients who underwent colonoscopy in Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, County Clinical Emergency Hospital, Târgu-Mureș, Romania between 1 st of January 2015-31 th of December 2017. In order to evaluate the metabolic risk factors for polyps’ development, enrolled participants were stratified in two groups, a study group, 33 patients with SSLs lesions, and a control group, 138 patients with adenomatous polyps, selected by systematic sampling for age and anatomical site. Independent variables investigated were: gender, smoking, alcohol consumption, obesity, arterial hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hyperuricemia, nonalcoholic liver disease. Results: For SSLs the most common encountered localization was the right colon in 30.55% of cases. By comparative bivariate analysis between SSLs group and control group, it was observed that hypertension (p=0.03, OR 2.33, 95 %CI 1.03-5.24), obesity (p=0.03, OR 2.61, 95 %CI 1.08-6.30), hyperuricemia (p=0.04, OR 2.72, 95 %CI 1.28-7.55), high cholesterol (p=0.002, OR 3.42; 95 %CI 1.48-7.87), and high triglycerides level (p=0.0006, OR 5.75; 95 %CI 1.92-17.2) were statistically associated with SSLs development. By multivariate analysis hypertension and hypertriglyceridemia retained statistical significance. Conclusions: Our study showed that the highest prevalence of SSLs was in the right colon and hypertension and increased triglycerides levels were associated with the risk of SSLs development. These risk factors are easy to detect in clinical practice and may help identifying groups with high risk for colorectal cancer, where screening is recommended.

Early Predictive Biochemical, Electrocardiographic and Echocardiographic Markers for Cardiac Damage in Patients with Pulmonic Silicosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venera Cristina Dinescu ◽  
Ileana Puiu ◽  
Sorin Nicolae Dinescu ◽  
Diana Rodica Tudorascu ◽  
Elena Catalina Bica ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Right Ventricle ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cardiac Damage ◽  
Right Heart ◽  
Pulmonary Heart Disease ◽  
Upper Limit ◽  
Echocardiographic Parameters ◽  
The Right ◽  
Chronic Pulmonary Heart Disease

The aim of this study was to identify correlations between electrocardiographic and echocardiographic changes in patients with silicosis prior to the occurrence of chronic pulmonary heart disease. We conducted a prospective, descriptive, analytical study, in which we included a group of 67 patients consecutively admitted to the Health Promotion and Occupational Medicine Clinic between December 2016 and January 2018, aged 47 to 78 years.There was a biochemical and electrocardiographic evaluation for each patient as well as a right ventricle echocardiographic evaluation (diameters, volumes, function). A control group, including 25 patients with benign minor diseases that required a cardiologist consultation, was also used. From the electrocardiographic point of view, slight changes were observed regarding the waves of electrical activity of the right ventricle. Taking into account the degree of ventilatory dysfunction (depending on FEV1), changes in right heart echocardiographic parameters were identified. Thus, in what the most important right ventricular parameters, including the tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) or the RV index of myocardial performance (RVMPI) were concerned, values at the upper limit of normality were recorded in most patients with moderate and severe ventilatory dysfunction. Values of echocardiographic parameters of the right heart at the upper limit of normality, correlated with the degree of ventilatory dysfunction, are early markers for cardiovascular damage in patients with pulmonary silicosis prior to the occurrence of chronic pulmonary heart disease also known ascor pulmonale.

Evaluation of Ovaries in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome using Shear Wave Elastography

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 578-583
Author(s):  
Aysegul Altunkeser ◽  
Zeynep Ozturk Inal ◽  
Nahide Baran
Keyword(s):  
Shear Wave ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Shear Wave Elastography ◽  
Left Ovary ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tissue Elasticity ◽  
Group I ◽  
Pcos Group ◽  
The Right

Background: Shear wave electrography (SWE) is a novel non-invasive imaging technique which demonstrate tissue elasticity. Recent research evaluating the elasticity properties of normal and pathological tissues emphasize the diagnostic importance of this technique. Aims: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), which is characterized by menstrual irregularity, hyperandrogenism, and polycystic overgrowth, may cause infertility. The aim of this study was to evaluate the elasticity of ovaries in patients with PCOS using SWE. Methods: 66 patients diagnosed with PCOS according to the Rotterdam criteria (PCOS = group I) and 72 patients with non-PCOS (Control = group II), were included in the study. Demographic and clinical characteristics of the participants were recorded. Ovarian elasticity was assessed in all patients with SWE, and speed values were obtained from the ovaries. The elasticity of the ovaries was compared between the two groups. Results: While there were statistically significant differences between the groups in body mass index (BMI), right and left ovarian volumes, luteinizing hormone and testosterone levels (p<0.05), no significant differences were found between groups I and II in the velocity (for the right ovary 3.89±1.81 vs. 2.93±0.72, p=0.301; for the left ovary 2.88±0.65 vs. 2.95±0.80, p=0.577) and elastography (for the right ovary 36.62±17.78 vs. 36.79±14.32, p=0.3952; for the left ovary 36.56±14.15 vs. 36.26±15.10, p=0.903) values, respectively. Conclusion: We could not obtain different velocity and elastography values from the ovaries of the patients with PCOS using SWE. Therefore, further large-scale studies are needed to elucidate this issue.

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