scholarly journals Beautiful Deaths and Heard Gazes

Eikon / Imago ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 211-220
Author(s):  
David Staton
Keyword(s):  
Death And Dying ◽  
Visual Representations ◽  
Death With Dignity ◽  
Cultural Logic ◽  
Time Line ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cultural Myths ◽  
Auditory Cue

Viewers frequently encounter “normative” prescriptions and perceptions through photographs of how images depicting death and dying should loo and, cognitively, how those images ought to be received. In such encounters, varying fundamental views or cultural myths surrounding death and dying, how it is envisioned, how it is, literally, pictured dictate a particular way of seeing and being. This article considers visual representations made of individuals who choose to enact Death With Dignity provisions to end their lives on their own terms and on their own time line. By an interrogation of a corpus of DWD images, the author investigates how such representations challenge a particular cultural logic. This reconsideration may lead to an awareness; a reasoning, creating a space in which reality is constructed beneath the viewer’s gaze. Such a reality, relies on an embodied or pragmatic aesthetic and is co-constituted by expressions of power that emanate from image and viewer. The author dubs this modality the heard gaze; a vision in which the past, present, and future are fused and subject becomes object or vessel of understanding by perceiving a visual, auditory “cue”.

Psychosocial Aspects of Terminal Care, edited by B. Schoenberg, A. C. Carr, D. Peretz, and A. H. Kutscher. New York: Columbia University Press, 1972

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-129
Author(s):  
Richard Galdston
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Terminal Care ◽  
Medical Profession ◽  
Death And Dying ◽  
Medical Specialty ◽  
Psychosocial Aspects ◽  
Columbia University ◽  
Public Discussion ◽  
The Past ◽  
Recent Establishment

Thanatology, the study of death and dying, is a medical specialty of recent establishment. Over the past two or three decades, there has been a marked increased interest in this topic and in the number of articles and books devoted to its discussion. It has been said that this development is due to a lifting of earlier taboos against public discussion and that the medical profession had been remiss in its failure to provide a more open, forthright airing of its experience with death.

scholarly journals Providing a “peaceful death” in the twenty-first century

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Evangel Sarwar
Keyword(s):  
End Of Life ◽  
Terminal Illness ◽  
Life Experience ◽  
Death And Dying ◽  
Natural Course ◽  
First Century ◽  
The Past ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
Dying At Home ◽  
At Home

Advances in medical technology have not only raised our expectations that medicine can perform miracles and keep us alive; it has also raised conflicts in allowing death to take its natural course. Many dilemmas are faced by physicians as well as families in end-of-life care and relieving the suffering. Ethical dilemmas about how to ensure individuals with terminal illness/end-of-life experience a “peaceful death,” when the meaning and perception of death has changed due to technology? In the past, death was expected and accepted, with rituals. Today, death has been reduced to an unheard phenomenon - shameful and forbidden. The advances in technology brought with it a change in culture of medicine from caring to curing, where medicine is expected to heal any disease. This advance has also acted as a double-edged sword, where longer lives come at the price of greater suffering, illness, and higher costs. While most Americans want to die at home, surrounded by loved ones - the “medicalization” of death does not allow the natural course of death to take place. Although recent studies indicate that more Americans are dying at home, most people still die in hospital beds – alone. This paper looks at the transition that took place in the concept of death and dying, and the impacts of technology, and makes suggestions for facilitating a “peaceful death” in the twenty-first century.

Childhood images and visual representations: Romanian post-communist cultural configuration of the past

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-260
Author(s):  
Simona Mitroiu
Keyword(s):  
Visual Memory ◽  
Visual Representations ◽  
Communist Regime ◽  
Political Regime ◽  
Immigrant Parents ◽  
Childhood Memories ◽  
Cultural Productions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Communist Past

The literary and visual representations of the Romanian recent past have helped recollect the world of childhood and its contextual frames, contributing to the process of coming to terms with the communist past. Focusing on the treatment of childhood memories in the post-communist Romanian cultural productions, the research reveals the changes under-gone by the childhood images and representations in the visual memory discourse. The image of the pioneer children offering flowers to the communist leaders was well instilled in the Romanian collective memory by the communist documentaries picturing the Romani-an life during the “Golden Age.” What followed was the image of the abandoned children: from the Romanian orphanages, immediately after the 1989 political regime change, to their immigrant parents, especially during the transitional years. Are these images recol-lected by the New Romanian Cinema productions and are they correlated with the abun-dant literary autobiographical works? The present study focuses on this topic of child images and childhood memories in connection with the remembrance of the communist past, pursuing an in-depth analysis of these post-communist Romanian cultural produc-tions. It argues that despite the insufficient interest in exploring the topic of childhood during the communist regime and the lack of significant collaborative projects reuniting literary figures and cinema directors, the cinema representations of childhood can consid-erably widen the narratives of the past, suggesting new directions in the post-communist exploration of the alternative memories of the past.

Christian Reflections on Stress Management

1986 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R. Beck
Keyword(s):  
Stress Management ◽  
Death And Dying ◽  
Philosophy Of Life ◽  
The Past ◽  
Management Techniques ◽  
Free Environment

An enormous volume of literature has emerged in the past decade regarding stress and its management. As the Christian views this literature in psychology, an immediate impression is gratefulness for the contribution these advancements have made to Christ's Church. In addition, one has some reservations regarding the almost value-free environment surrounding some of the literature as well as the tendency of a few authors in this field to expand stress management techniques into an all-embracing philosophy of life. It is helpful for Christians to understand stress and its management in the context of the more familiar death and dying spectrum of truth. Learning from stress may be more appropriate for the Christian than simply managing or reducing it.

Western Europe and Scandinavia

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence Brockliss
Keyword(s):  
Government Policy ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Visual Representations ◽  
Childhood Studies ◽  
History Of Childhood ◽  
The Past ◽  
Sharp Focus ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Insight Into

Childhood in western Europe is obviously a vast topic, and this entry will approach it historically and largely chronologically. The study of childhood is still relatively new, and historians have sometimes struggled to construct a history of childhood, with very few firsthand accounts and limited archives. So many children left very few traces of their lives, and historians have had to piece together their history, not from diaries or archives but from court reports, visual representations, and childcare manuals. They have had to struggle to recapture the world of childhood in eras prior to 1800, when sources are especially limited. They, like others interested in childhood studies, have had to address the issue of how to define a child and what childhood is. They have had to contemplate the different historical meanings of the word child prior to 1600 and to resist the temptation to believe that childhood has inevitably improved through the centuries. They have also had to become aware of the dangers of historicizing a phenomenon that has few stable parameters and, in some cultures, may not even exist at all. In several languages there is no word for child; even in English, the word has drastically shifted its meaning over the centuries. These shifts need to be historicized in order to see both the continuities and the discontinuities between the past and the present that suggest that childhood has always been a time of suffering; children have always been the victims of perilous disease, parental neglect, government policy, war, etc. Concurrently, children have also always been the hope of the future, the focus of special love and attention. A historical perspective on European childhoods brings this insight into sharp focus.

Learning from Blindness

PMLA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 130 (5) ◽  
pp. 1506-1509
Author(s):  
Chris Mounsey
Keyword(s):  
Family Member ◽  
Death And Dying ◽  
The Past ◽  
To Come ◽  
As If

Only when my friend kevin said, in an aside to his wife i was not meant to hear, that i was still grieving for my loss of sight did i realize that I was and had been for the past seven years. When a friend or family member dies, it is an obvious time to grieve; when someone you love dies, you have to get on as best you can without them. But when you are confronted with a disability, it is as if a part of you has died, and the rest of you has to get on as best it can. Learning how to come to terms with the change in your day-to-day life disguises the need for grief. So, seven years on, let me give you an inkling of what happens when one of your senses dies. The metaphor of death (or perhaps it's not a metaphor) is convenient since it leads to a framework for my explanation. Elisabeth Kübler-Ross, in On Death and Dying, explored the ways we come to terms with death through five emotional stages: denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance.

scholarly journals Iconography of Interpreters in the Conquest of the Americas

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Icíar Alonso Araguás ◽  
Jesús Baigorri Jalón
Keyword(s):  
Visual Representations ◽  
Visual Images ◽  
Direct Communication ◽  
Cultural Mediation ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
As If

Abstract This paper focuses on the figure of the interpreter as it appears in the visual images illustrating chronicles and other texts from the period of the Conquest of the Americas by the Europeans. The fact that linguistic and cultural mediation was necessary for an understanding between the cultures is commonly absent from the records, as if direct communication had been possible between both sides-yet another fiction of the encounter. Based on the assumption that visual representations are valuable records to understand the perception of the role of interpreter in the past, we analyze six images of different cultural and ethnic authorship, painted between 1550 and 1619. The aim of the paper is to make a contribution to the task of building the history of interpreting, following a line of research which, as proposed in the conclusion, merits further exploration.

scholarly journals Passive Acoustic Monitoring of Gunshot Activity in Cooking Lake-Blackfoot Provincial Recreation Area

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-36
Author(s):  
Keelin Henderson-Pekarik ◽  
Richard Hedley ◽  
Justin Johnson ◽  
Jeremiah Kennedy ◽  
Erin Bayne
Keyword(s):  
Visual Representations ◽  
Acoustic Monitoring ◽  
Passive Acoustic Monitoring ◽  
Hunting Behavior ◽  
Random Subset ◽  
Human Behaviors ◽  
The Past ◽  
Recreation Area ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Passive Acoustic

In the past, monitoring hunting behavior has been limited to self-reported numbers. However, the ability of autonomous recording units to monitor soundscapes may make them suitable for assessing spatio-temporal shooting patterns. Our goal for this project was to find out if it is possible to use acoustic monitoring to track human activity, and if there were differences in seasonal or daily shooting intensities. We hypothesized that shooting intensity would decrease from September to November and from the afternoon till morning due to people being less likely to go shooting in cooler temperatures. A grid of 91 ARU’s were deployed between September 2nd and November 30th, 2018 in Cooking Lake-Blackfoot Provincial Recreation Area. They were set to record continuously between sunrise and sunset with some recording during the night as well. We selected a random subset of 30 minute recordings, visualized them using spectrograms; visual representations of sound with time on the x-axis and frequency on the y-axis, and counted the gunshots in each. We compared differences in gunshot detections between months and different times of day using analysis of variance (ANOVA). There were no statistical differences found in seasonal or daily shooting intensities. One reason for this may be that sample sizes were low, due to the time needed to manually process recordings. We demonstrated that ARU’s can be used to provide us with an accurate way of assessing shooting patterns and therefore, be useful for monitoring other human behaviors such as detecting poachers, or assessing compliance with hunting laws.

scholarly journals A Framework for Interrogating Social Media Images to Reveal an Emergent Archive of War

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 196-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arijus Pleska ◽  
Andrew Hoskins ◽  
Karen Renaud
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Visual Representations ◽  
Visual Image ◽  
Media Images ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Identification Techniques

The visual image has long been central to how war is seen, contested and legitimised, remembered and forgotten. Archives are pivotal to these ends as is their ownership and access, from state and other official repositories through to the countless photographs scattered and hidden from a collective understanding of what war looks like in individual collections and dusty attics. With the advent and rapid development of social media, however, the amateur and the professional, the illicit and the sanctioned, the personal and the official, and the past and the present, all seem to inhabit the same connected and chaotic space. However, to even begin to render intelligible the complexity, scale and volume of what war looks like in social media archives is a considerable task, given the limitations of any traditional human-based method of collection and analysis. We thus propose the production of a series of ‘snapshots’, using computer-aided extraction and identification techniques to try to offer an experimental way in to conceiving a new imaginary of war. We were particularly interested in testing to see if twentieth century wars, obviously initially captured via pre-digital means, had become more ‘settled’ over time in terms of their remediated presence today through their visual representations and connections on social media, compared with wars fought in digital media ecologies (i.e. those fought and initially represented amidst the volume and pervasiveness of social media images). To this end, we developed a framework for automatically extracting and analysing war images that appear in social media, using both the features of the images themselves, and the text and metadata associated with each image. The framework utilises a workflow comprising four core stages: (1) information retrieval, (2) data pre-processing, (3) feature extraction, and (4) machine learning. Our corpus was drawn from the social media platforms Facebook and Flickr.

scholarly journals Spiritual Care at The End Of Life: Western Views and Islamic Perspectives

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Wafa ‘a Qasem Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Patient Care ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
Spiritual Care ◽  
End Of Life Care ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Death And Dying ◽  
The Past ◽  
Education Of Patients ◽  
Core Components ◽  
The Uk

The concept of spiritual and religious care, as core components of palliative care for patients at end of life stages, has achieved significant organized applications and advances in modes of intervention and tools. The past two decades have witnessed waves of secularization with impacts of the concepts of spirituality and chaplaincy that diverged away from religion, more so in the UK and some European countries as compared to US applications. Spirituality became more generic and broad that revealed itself in helping and education of patients and families to earth and think of meaning and purpose of life, suffering death and dying. The issues of spirituality and religiosity in the Islamic culture, teachings and attitudes towards patient care at terminal stages of life, is distinguished by clarity and harmony in view of clarity of Muslim beliefs and interpretations concerning purpose, meaning and mission of human life on this earth, end-of-life care and the afterlife. This paper will address the contemporary western diverse concepts of spirituality, its relationship with religiosity in terminal patient care, and will elaborate on the holistic Islamic views and attitudes towards this stage of human life.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 02 No. 02 April’18. Page : 65-70

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