scholarly journals The (de)construction of culture in interpreter-mediated medical discourse

Author(s):  
Tatjana R. Felberg ◽  
Hanne Skaaden

In Norway, perceived communication problems in medical encounters with minority patients are often ascribed to ‘culture’ by the professional in charge of the institutional dialogue. Even in literature on medical encounters involving language barriers and interpreting, culture is used as an explanatory tool for observed complications, and an expansion of the interpreter role is suggested as the remedy. Comparing statements about the concept ‘culture’ made by medical professionals against a backdrop of Norwegian legislative texts on the role of the medical professional and interpreter, this article deconstructs culture as an explanatory tool. It is suggested that the source of the perceived problems of communication may lie at general levels of human interaction, e.g. concentration or language proficiency, rather than culture. We argue that the use of the concept of culture may lead to ‘othering’ of minority patients, may conceal rather than reveal communication problems, and may confuse the intersection between interpreters’ and medical professionals’ areas of expertise. Ultimately, not only minority patients’ health but also medical personnel’s professional integrity may be threatened.

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Karina Palkova ◽  
Svetlana Semaka

Lately lawyers and medical professionals pay more attention too the process of minor patient healthcare. The research shall address the issues of legal relationship between minor patients and medical professionals, consent to treatment of minor patients and communication problems including the scope of information which the doctor can provide to the minor patient’s relatives to protect themselves and patients. Legislation prescribes that the information provided by the medical professional to the minor patient must be not only easy-to-understand, but also be consistent with the patient’s age maturity. However, in Latvia, for example, there are no guidelines that specify how medical professionals can determine the patient’s maturity. In the course of provision of medical services to the minor persons legal disputes involving communiucation failures between the minor patients, their relatives, legal representatives and the doctors arise increasingly frequently. The research will look into issue of communication problems in healthcare. The aim of the research is to provide insight into challenges of legal relations betweem minor patients and medical professionals and communication problems in healthcare.


2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Karina Palkova ◽  
Svetlana Semaka

Lately lawyers and medical professionals pay more attention too the process of minor patient healthcare. The research shall address the issues of legal relationship between minor patients and medical professionals, consent to treatment of minor patients and communication problems including the scope of information which the doctor can provide to the minor patient’s relatives to protect themselves and patients. Legislation prescribes that the information provided by the medical professional to the minor patient must be not only easy-to-understand, but also be consistent with the patient’s age maturity. However, in Latvia, for example, there are no guidelines that specify how medical professionals can determine the patient’s maturity. In the course of provision of medical services to the minor persons legal disputes involving communiucation failures between the minor patients, their relatives, legal representatives and the doctors arise increasingly frequently. The research will look into issue of communication problems in healthcare. The aim of the research is to provide insight into challenges of legal relations betweem minor patients and medical professionals and communication problems in healthcare.


2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Misfer Ali Hasan Azzhrani ◽  
Ahmed Alghamdi

This study, based on explanatory sequential, mixed methods, descriptive research design, was conducted at eleven hospitals and medical centers in the city of Makkah in the Western Province in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). The study aimed at exploring the efficacy of the current ESP courses at Saudi tertiary institutes and whether those courses meet the needs of the medical professionals with regards to medical English language proficiency. In addition, the study explored the needs of English medical language proficiency during an international crisis such as the recent corona virus (covid-19) pandemic. The quantitative and qualitative primary data collection was gathered from the medical professionals' responses to a custom designed, twenty-nine items on a psychometric five-point Likert items and open-ended questions, questionnaire. The overall sample population of the medical professional participants in this study was 315 participates (130 male and 185 female participants). The gathered quantitative data from the questionnaire was statistically analysed and the qualitative data gathered from the three open ended questions was analysed for emergent codes using open coding and eventually forming overarching themes. The findings of the study indicated that medical professionals in KSA regard English medical language proficiency as a vital necessity for the profession, especially during an international crisis requiring global communication and cooperation. Furthermore, the majority of the participants indicated that they are not satisfied with the current English language courses provided on the undergraduate level since they felt that rigid and comprehensive English for Specific Purposes (ESP) courses with designated focus on medical English to meet their English language needs are required. Suggestions and emphasis with regards to the provision of medical ESP at tertiary level institutions in KSA are given and possible recommendations for further research investigations in future are also given.


2005 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 13-16
Author(s):  
Steven I. Altchuler

ABSTRACT Drug testing is considered a major part of monitoring medical professionals disciplined by licensing boards. Drug testing can serve two different roles when used by a licensee; the other to help the licensee maintain abstinence. The results of the drug tests themselves can also be confounding. As with all medical tests, a drug test may be accurate or yield a false positive or a false negative. For example, a board may learn from other sources a licensee is using drugs, but a drug test is negative. A licensee may insist they are not using drugs, but a drug test is positive. We discuss the role of drug testing in helping boards and the technical aspects of testing, to help boards decide when to use drug tests and how to interpret them.


2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Karina Palkova ◽  
Svetlana Semaka

Lately lawyers and medical professionals pay more attention too the process of minor patient healthcare. The research shall address the issues of legal relationship between minor patients and medical professionals, consent to treatment of minor patients and communication problems including the scope of information which the doctor can provide to the minor patient’s relatives to protect themselves and patients. Legislation prescribes that the information provided by the medical professional to the minor patient must be not only easy-to-understand, but also be consistent with the patient’s age maturity. However, in Latvia, for example, there are no guidelines that specify how medical professionals can determine the patient’s maturity. In the course of provision of medical services to the minor persons legal disputes involving communiucation failures between the minor patients, their relatives, legal representatives and the doctors arise increasingly frequently. The research will look into issue of communication problems in healthcare. The aim of the research is to provide insight into challenges of legal relations betweem minor patients and medical professionals and communication problems in healthcare.


2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Karina Palkova ◽  
Svetlana Semaka

Lately lawyers and medical professionals pay more attention too the process of minor patient healthcare. The research shall address the issues of legal relationship between minor patients and medical professionals, consent to treatment of minor patients and communication problems including the scope of information which the doctor can provide to the minor patient’s relatives to protect themselves and patients. Legislation prescribes that the information provided by the medical professional to the minor patient must be not only easy-to-understand, but also be consistent with the patient’s age maturity. However, in Latvia, for example, there are no guidelines that specify how medical professionals can determine the patient’s maturity. In the course of provision of medical services to the minor persons legal disputes involving communiucation failures between the minor patients, their relatives, legal representatives and the doctors arise increasingly frequently. The research will look into issue of communication problems in healthcare. The aim of the research is to provide insight into challenges of legal relations betweem minor patients and medical professionals and communication problems in healthcare.


Author(s):  
Ирина Сергеевна Мыльникова

Традиционно медицина считалась территорией милосердия, куда больной обращался не только за лечением, но и за моральной поддержкой и состраданием. Однако последнее время пациенты и общество в целом все чаще сталкиваются с тем, что медицинские работники не отвечают на этот запрос – медицинская помощь превращается в услугу, и пациенты все реже находят успокоение, утешение в словах врача. Нередко будущие врачи теряют способность откликаться на чужую боль, сопереживать уже на стадии обучения, пропитываясь специфической атмосферой медицинского мира, приобщаясь к его культуре. Одним из элементов этой культуры является язык, на котором говорят и пишут сами врачи, а также непрофессионалы, если они касаются вопросов медицины. В свою очередь, важным элементом любого языка являются его метафоры. Проведя анализ использования метафор в медицинском дискурсе, можно составить представление о языковом мире медицины, а по нему и о медицинском мире в целом. Весьма показательно, что одной из наиболее часто встречающихся метафор в медицинском дискурсе является военная метафора. При этом, как и всякая метафора, она не только отражает, но и формирует в сознании людей картину мира, выполняя при этом как положительную, так и отрицательную роль. Ее отрицательное влияние на общую атмосферу мира медицины к настоящему моменту признано столь существенным, что все чаще высказывается мнение о необходимости отказаться от ее использования в медицинском дискурсе, заменив метафорами сотрудничества и гармонии. В их ряду среду первых называют метафору пути, которая в настоящее время довольно органично входит в медицинский дискурс и позволяет больному осмыслить долгую жизнь с неизлечимой болезнью, а врачу найти свою роль старшего попутчика, инструктора, гида в этом путешествии, общение с которым может обладать терапевтическим эффектом. Traditionally, medicine was considered to be a territory of mercy, which the patient turned to not only for treatment, but also for moral support and compassion. Recently, however, patients and society as a whole have been increasingly confronted with the fact that medical professionals do not respond to this request: medical care has become a service, and patients are less and less likely to find comfort and consolation in the words of a doctor. Future doctors often lose the ability to respond to other people’s pain and to empathize at the stage of training when they absorb the specific atmosphere of the medical world, join its culture. One element of this culture is the language that doctors, as well as laypeople if they are concerned with medical issues, speak and write. An important element of any language is its metaphors. By analyzing the use of metaphors in medical discourse, one can get an idea of the linguistic world of medicine, and of the medical world as a whole. It is quite revealing that one of the most common metaphors in medical discourse is the military metaphor. Like any metaphor, it not only reflects, but also forms a picture of the world in people’s minds, playing both positive and negative roles. Its negative impact on the general atmosphere of the medical world has been recognized to be so significant that there is an increasing tendency to suggest that its use in medical discourse should be abandoned, and it should be replaced by metaphors of cooperation and harmony. The first among them is the metaphor of a journey, which nowadays enters quite organically into medical discourse. This metaphor allows the patient to comprehend their long life with an incurable disease, and the doctor to find their role of an older fellow traveler, instructor, guide in this journey; communication of the former with the latter may have a therapeutic effect. By analyzing the use of the military metaphor in medical discourse in a temporal context, we can conclude that “yesterday” it allowed us to create a more or less adequate picture of the medical world in the minds of people, “today”, not keeping pace with the changes occurring in this sphere, it begins to introduce distortion, from which both patients and medical staff, as well as society as a whole, suffer; therefore, “tomorrow” its use in medical discourse will most likely decrease, giving way to metaphors of peace, unity and harmony.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Wykowska ◽  
Jairo Pérez-Osorio ◽  
Stefan Kopp

This booklet is a collection of the position statements accepted for the HRI’20 conference workshop “Social Cognition for HRI: Exploring the relationship between mindreading and social attunement in human-robot interaction” (Wykowska, Perez-Osorio & Kopp, 2020). Unfortunately, due to the rapid unfolding of the novel coronavirus at the beginning of the present year, the conference and consequently our workshop, were canceled. On the light of these events, we decided to put together the positions statements accepted for the workshop. The contributions collected in these pages highlight the role of attribution of mental states to artificial agents in human-robot interaction, and precisely the quality and presence of social attunement mechanisms that are known to make human interaction smooth, efficient, and robust. These papers also accentuate the importance of the multidisciplinary approach to advance the understanding of the factors and the consequences of social interactions with artificial agents.


2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arati Prabhu ◽  
Prachi Wani

The study is undertaken to understand the importance of English language skills in the Indian hospitality industry, and the gaps therein. It studies the challenge as it exists in Pune city, and how AISSMS College of Hotel Management & Catering Technology has attempted to address the issue(s). The study aims at gathering primary information by means of questionnaires. It sheds light on the gap between existing and desired standards of English proficiency. It also highlights the attempts by the three important stakeholders in order to address the issue. Though, attempts are made from the industry, teachers and students, it is recognized that joint efforts need to be made to tackle the problem collectively and from all sides. It is an urgent calling for innovative teaching learning practices and encouraging sound develop initiatives and commitment. The primary data is across the cross section of Pune hoteliers, teachers and students of the college. The findings reflect the importance of English as the universal medium of communication, and its importance in rendering quality service and importantly.


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