scholarly journals Adult Granulosa cell tumor: A small mass producing troublesome morbidity to a woman

2018 ◽  
Vol 08 (02) ◽  
pp. 126-128
Author(s):  
Khalida Nasreen ◽  
Samreen Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Granulosa Cell ◽  
Abdominal Mass ◽  
Granulosa Cell Tumor ◽  
Small Mass ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Adult Type ◽  
Granulosa Cell Tumors ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Present Case Study

Granulosa cell tumors are sex-cord stromal tumor ofovary, a rare neoplasmaccounting for approximately 3-5% of all ovarian malignancies. Hormone producing tumor, a total of 95% of all GCTs are adult type and of large size. A majority of women present with abdominal mass and diagnosis made on histopathology. While small size symptoms producing Granulosa cell tumors are rare and it’s a rare virilizing tumor of adolescents. Adult Granulosa cell tumor is a clinically and molecularly unique subtype of ovarian cancer. The present case study reports on a case of a small size Granulosa cell tumor producing postmenopausal bleeding in 56-year-old woman.

scholarly journals Multiple recurrence of granulosa cell tumor of the ovary: A case report and literature review

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Varkha Chandra ◽  
Sandhya Jain ◽  
Neerja Goel ◽  
Bindia Gupta ◽  
Shalini Rajaram
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Granulosa Cell ◽  
Adnexal Mass ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Abdominal Mass ◽  
Pelvic Mass ◽  
Granulosa Cell Tumor ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Surgical Staging ◽  
Granulosa Cell Tumors

Introduction: Granulosa cell tumors comprise approximately 5% of all ovarian malignancy and account for 70% of malignant sex cord stromal tumors. Granulosa cell tumors have been diagnosed from infancy, the peak incidence being perimenopausal age. The potential of malignancy of these tumors is low, recurrences are often late and found in 10-33% of cases. Case Report: A 32-year-old P1L1 presented with large abdominal mass for which she underwent staging laparotomy with debulking surgery. She was a known case of granulosa cell tumor in the past and had undergone three laparotomies, along with chemotherapy. At the age of 13 yrs, she was diagnosed with a stage IA granulosa cell tumor (GCT) of the ovary first time. She underwent surgical staging and removal of left sided adnexal mass, after which she was asymptomatic for 7 years. In 2003 she again presented with lump abdomen for which she underwent resection of adnexal mass, histopathology was consistent with recurrent GCT. After second surgery she also received two cycles of chemotherapy. Despite adjuvant chemotherapy, patient presented again after three years in 2006 with adnexal mass and was found to have a third recurrence. At that time, she received 6 cycles of chemotherapy and the mass regressed. Meanwhile she got married and had one child. After four year in 2010 she again presented with lump abdomen and she underwent surgical staging, total abdominal hysterectomy with right salphingo ophorectomy along with removal of mass. After five year in 2015 she again presented with lump abdomen; there was a large pelvic mass which was removed and patient referred for chemotherapy. Discussion: GCTS which a rare malignant tumors of ovary tend to be associated with late recurrences. Although most recurrences occurs within 10 years after initial diagnosis, there are occasional reports of recurrences after10 years. We experienced the rare case of a patient who relapsed multiple times over 20 years, despite surgical and targeted treatment. Conclusion: The long history of granulosa cell tumor highlights the importance of extended follow up of the patient.

scholarly journals Adult type granulosa cell tumor in adult testis: report of a case and review of the literature

Rare Tumors ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 117-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao Song ◽  
David J. Vaughn ◽  
Zhanyong Bing
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Granulosa Cell ◽  
Epithelial Membrane Antigen ◽  
Granulosa Cell Tumor ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Adult Type ◽  
Adult Testis ◽  
Granulosa Cell Tumors ◽  
Hmb 45

Granulosa cell tumors can be classified into juvenile and adult types and more commonly occur in ovaries. Adult testicular granulosa cell tumors are extremely rare and only 29 cases of adult type have previously been reported. We report here a 28-year old Caucasian man with a left testicular adult type granulosa cell tumor. The tumor measured 2.6×2.6×2.5 cm and was mitotically active (10/10 HPF). Immunohistochemical stains showed the tumor diffusely positive for inhibin and vimentin, and negative for epithelial membrane antigen, cytokeratins, synaptophysin, HMB-45, OCT-4, placental-like alkaline phosphatase and lymphoid markers. The reported granulosa cell tumors in adult testis were briefly reviewed.

FOXL2 Mutations in Granulosa Cell Tumors Occurring in Males

2012 ◽  
Vol 136 (7) ◽  
pp. 825-828 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joema F. Lima ◽  
Long Jin ◽  
Ana Rose C. de Araujo ◽  
Michele R. Erikson-Johnson ◽  
Andre M. Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Granulosa Cell ◽  
Leydig Cell ◽  
Granulosa Cell Tumor ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Testicular Tumors ◽  
Adult Type ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Granulosa Cell Tumors ◽  
Juvenile Granulosa Cell Tumor ◽  
Leydig Cell Tumors

Context.—Granulosa cell tumors comprise less than 5% of ovarian tumors in women and are much rarer in men, with only about 20 cases reported, to our knowledge. Recently, a somatic mutation of FOXL2 was reported in virtually all adult-type granulosa cell tumors in women. Objective.—To investigate FOXL2 mutations in granulosa cell tumors occurring in males. Design.—Five cases of an adult-type granulosa cell tumor from males were selected from the files of the Mayo Clinic. Nine other testicular tumors (1 juvenile granulosa cell tumor, 5 Leydig cell tumors, and 3 Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors) were evaluated for comparison. Inhibin immunostain was performed in all cases. DNA was extracted from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue, followed by polymerase chain reaction and direct sequencing of FOXL2. Results.—All 5 cases had classic histopathologic features of the adult-type granulosa cell tumor. Inhibin was diffusely positive in all cases. FOXL2 402C→G (C134W) was identified in 40% (2 of 5) of the male, adult-type granulosa cell tumors. Of the 2 tumors positive for the mutation, 1 occurred in the testis of a man, and the other one affected the abdominal ovaries of a phenotypically male patient. All other testicular tumors were negative for the mutation. Conclusions.—The FOXL2 402C→G (C134W) mutation is also present in adult-type granulosa cell tumors occurring in men, although in a smaller proportion when compared with the rates reported in women. FOXL2 mutational analysis can be a helpful in the diagnosis of granulosa cell tumors of the testis.

scholarly journals Multiple recurrence of granulosa cell tumor of the ovary: A case report and literature review

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Varkha Chandra ◽  
Sandhya Jain ◽  
Neerja Goel ◽  
Bindia Gupta ◽  
Shalini Rajaram
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Granulosa Cell ◽  
Adnexal Mass ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Abdominal Mass ◽  
Pelvic Mass ◽  
Granulosa Cell Tumor ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Surgical Staging ◽  
Granulosa Cell Tumors

Introduction: Granulosa cell tumors comprise approximately 5% of all ovarian malignancy and account for 70% of malignant sex cord stromal tumors. Granulosa cell tumors have been diagnosed from infancy, the peak incidence being perimenopausal age. The potential of malignancy of these tumors is low, recurrences are often late and found in 10-33% of cases. Case Report: A 32-year-old P1L1 presented with large abdominal mass for which she underwent staging laparotomy with debulking surgery. She was a known case of granulosa cell tumor in the past and had undergone three laparotomies, along with chemotherapy. At the age of 13 years, she was diagnosed with a stage IA granulosa cell tumor (GCT) of the ovary first time. She underwent surgical staging and removal of left sided adnexal mass, after which she was asymptomatic for 7 years. In 2003 she again presented with lump abdomen for which she underwent resection of adnexal mass, histopathology was consistent with recurrent GCT. After second surgery she also received two cycles of chemotherapy. Despite adjuvant chemotherapy, patient presented again after three years in 2006 with adnexal mass and was found to have a third recurrence. At that time, she received 6 cycles of chemotherapy and the mass regressed. Meanwhile she got married and had one child. After four year in 2010 she again presented with lump abdomen and she underwent surgical staging, total abdominal hysterectomy with right salphingo ophorectomy along with removal of mass. After five year in 2015 she again presented with lump abdomen; there was a large pelvic mass which was removed and patient referred for chemotherapy. Discussion: GCTS which a rare malignant tumors of ovary tend to be associated with late recurrences. Although most recurrences occurs within 10 years after initial diagnosis, there are occasional reports of recurrences after10 years. We experienced the rare case of a patient who relapsed multiple times over 20 years, despite surgical and targeted treatment. In conclusion the long history of granulosa cell tumor highlights the importance of extended follow up of the patient.

scholarly journals An alternative miRISC targeting a coding mutation site in FOXL2 links to granulosa cell tumor

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunkyoung Shin ◽  
Hanyong Jin ◽  
Dae-Shik Suh ◽  
Yongyang Luo ◽  
Hye-Jeong Ha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Granulosa Cell ◽  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Granulosa Cell Tumor ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Adult Type ◽  
Mutation Site ◽  
Selective Degradation ◽  
Granulosa Cell Tumors ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Mirna Targeting

ABSTRACTRecent evidence suggests that animal microRNAs (miRNAs) can target coding sequences (CDSs); however, the pathophysiological importance of such targeting remains unknown. Here, we show that a somatic heterozygous missense mutation (c.402C>G; p.C134W) in FOXL2, a feature shared by virtually all adult-type granulosa cell tumors (AGCTs), introduces a target site for miR-1236, which induces haploinsufficiency of the tumor-suppressor FOXL2. This miR-1236-mediated selective degradation of the variant FOXL2 mRNA is preferentially conducted by a distinct miRNA-loaded RNA-induced silencing complex (miRISC) directed by the Argonaute3 (AGO3) and DHX9 proteins. In both patients and mouse model of AGCT, the inversely regulated variant FOXL2 abundance with the miR-1236 levels was highly correlated with malignant features of AGCT. Our study provides a molecular basis for understanding the conserved FOXL2 CDS mutation-mediated etiology of AGCT, revealing the existence of a previously unidentified mechanism of miRNA-targeting disease-associated mutations in the CDS by forming a non-canonical miRISC.

scholarly journals Adult‐type granulosa cell tumor of the ovary: a FOXL2 ‐centric disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica A Pilsworth ◽  
Dawn R Cochrane ◽  
Samantha J Neilson ◽  
Bahar H Moussavi ◽  
Daniel Lai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Granulosa Cell ◽  
Granulosa Cell Tumor ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Adult Type

scholarly journals Adult Testicular Granulosa Cell Tumor: A Review of the Literature for Clinicopathologic Predictors of Malignancy

2011 ◽  
Vol 135 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Anspach Hanson ◽  
Abiy B. Ambaye
Keyword(s):  
Granulosa Cell ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Granulosa Cell Tumor ◽  
Malignant Potential ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Stromal Tumors ◽  
Granulosa Cell Tumors ◽  
Pathologic Features ◽  
Sex Cord Stromal Tumors

Abstract Adult testicular granulosa cell tumors are rare sex cord–stromal tumors of which only 28 have been previously reported. As compared with their ovarian counterparts, these tumors may follow a more aggressive course because the proportion of malignant cases is higher. To date, there are no clinical or pathologic features that definitively predict malignancy. We reviewed all prior case reports for features that may predict their malignant potential. Tumor size greater than 5.0 cm is the only feature statistically associated with malignancy. Mitotic count, tumor necrosis, patient age, and the presence of gynecomastia do not, at present, predict benign versus malignant behavior.

scholarly journals Abnormal Elevation of Anti-Mullerian Hormone and Androgen Levels Presenting as Granulosa Cell Tumor

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongbin Chi ◽  
Ning Huang ◽  
Huamao Liang ◽  
Rong Li ◽  
Congrong Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Granulosa Cell ◽  
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Granulosa Cell Tumor ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Embryo Cryopreservation ◽  
Granulosa Cell Tumors ◽  
Healthy Female ◽  
Irregular Menses ◽  
Ovarian Syndrome

We report a rare subtype of adult cystic granulosa cell tumor (AGCT) characterized by elevated anti-Mullerian hormone and hyperandrogenism. A 35-year-old woman with primary infertility, hyperandrogenism, and irregular menses who was previously diagnosed with polycystic ovarian syndrome was diagnosed with AGCT based on histopathological examination and FOXL2 genetic test after laparoscopy. Due to fertility aspirations, she underwent controlled ovarian stimulation followed by embryo cryopreservation before salpingo-oophorectomy, and two embryos were frozen-thawed and transferred after surgery. A healthy female infant was delivered at 40 weeks’ gestation. Cystic granulosa cell tumors should be considered a differential diagnosis in patients with persistent ovarian cysts and hyperandrogenism. Younger patients with AGCT with fertility goals should consider active assisted reproduction measures to preserve fertility before treatment for AGCT.

scholarly journals Testicular Adult Type Granulosa Cell Tumor: A Very Rare Case Report and Review of Literature

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei-Chieh Chen ◽  
◽  
Yun-Ho Lin ◽  
Shauh-Der Yeh ◽  
Chien-Chih Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Granulosa Cell ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Granulosa Cell Tumor ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Adult Type ◽  
Rare Case Report

Abstract B10: FOXL2 402C>G mutation can be identified in the circulating tumor DNA of patients with adult-type granulosa cell tumor.

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anniina Färkkilä ◽  
Melissa K. McConechy ◽  
Winnie Yang ◽  
Aline Talhouk ◽  
Ying Ng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Granulosa Cell ◽  
Granulosa Cell Tumor ◽  
Circulating Tumor Dna ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Adult Type ◽  
Tumor Dna
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