scholarly journals Etiology, Patterns And Treatment Modalities For Mandibular Fractures

2018 ◽  
Vol 08 (02) ◽  
pp. 97-102
Author(s):  
Muhammad Asif Shahzad ◽  
Momin Ayub Marath ◽  
Daud Mirza
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Mandibular Fractures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patients Âgés ◽  
Presentation Frequency ◽  
Arch Bar

Objective: The objective of current study was to evaluate the etiology, patterns of presentation, frequency and different treatment modalities for mandibular fractures in patients treated at Lahore Medical and Dental College/Ghurki Trust Teaching Hospital (LMDC/GTTH). Methodology: This descriptive – cross sectional study was conducted at Lahore Medical and Dental College, Lahore/Ghurki Trust Teaching Hospital (LMDC/GTTH) from March 2015 to September 2017. The current study included one hundred and twelve (112) patients who were indentified having mandibular fractures. Data were collected regarding patient’s age, gender, etiology, site of fracture, patterns and treatment modalities and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Results: The patients’ ages were between 3 to 55 years (24.87±10.867, mean/SD). The majority of fractures occurred amongst 21-30 years of age group having female to male ratio of 1:5.6. Road traffic accident (RTA) was the most frequent etiological factor for mandibular fractures in 89 (79.47%) of patients, followed by assaults 11(09.82%) and fall 07 (06.25%). A total of 189 fractures were recorded in 112 patients giving a mean of 1.7 fractures per patient. Out of 189 fractures, the parasymphysis was the most prominent site of mandibular fractures(43.39%), followed by condyle (22.75%) and angle (15.87%). The treatment modality of open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF/ORIF with IMF) was performed in 88(78.57%) of patients while closed reduction and indirect fixation (IMF with eyelet wiring/arch bar elastics & splint fixation) was done in 24 (21.43%) of patients. Conclusion: As evidenced by the present study, road traffic accidents are the most common cause of mandibular fractures in young adults, mostly due to violation of traffic rules. These findings highlight the need to reinforce legislation for prevention of such injuries both in children and adults

scholarly journals MANDIBULAR FRACTURES

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 1596-1599
Author(s):  
Shaheen Ahmed ◽  
Reema Viqar Usmani ◽  
Abdul Hafeez Shaikh ◽  
Noureen Iqbal ◽  
Syed Muhammad Umer Hassan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Violence ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mandibular Fractures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Young Males ◽  
The Face ◽  
And Gender

Introduction: Maxillofacial trauma is a regularly reported occurrence in theemergency room. Of all maxillofacial injuries worldwide, the mandible is the most commonlyinvolved facial bone, with etiologies ranging from assaults and interpersonal violence to RTAs.Objectives: We aim to identify the patterns of incidence, etiology, age groups, anatomicallocation and gender in mandibular fractures in the population of Karachi, Pakistan. StudyDesign: Observational cross sectional study. Setting: Dow International Dental College. Period:January 2012 – September 2017. Materials and Methods: Informed consent was obtainedalong with a comprehensive history; a systematic clinical examination was supplemented byradiographs of the face as required to confirm the presence of fractures. Statistical analysis wasdone using SPSS v.21. Results: Over 5 years, an overall 156 patients sustained 250 fractures ofthe mandible. Most affected gender was male, the age group was 20-30 years, most commoncause was Road Traffic Accidents and site was the parasymphysis. Conclusion: Mandibularfractures have a higher incidence in young males driving motorbikes or cars. More rigorouslegislative action and community awareness is required to lessen the rate of mandibularfractures in Karachi, Pakistan.

Influence of environmental factors on road traffic accidents: Hospital based cross sectional study at Tirupati

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Bayapa Reddy N. ◽  
Shakeer Kahn P. ◽  
Surendra Babu D. ◽  
Khadervali N. ◽  
Chandrasekhar C. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals The Role of Helmet Fastening in Motorcycle Road Traffic Accidents

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 284-290
Author(s):  
Zeeshan Arif ◽  
B. R. Rajanikanth ◽  
Kavitha Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Helmet Use ◽  
Facial Injuries ◽  
The Face ◽  
Motorcycle Accidents ◽  
Open Face

Road traffic accidents are the leading cause of death among the Indian population. Motorcycle accidents are the most prominent type of injuries among road traffic accidents in India. In this prospective cross-sectional study, all the patients attending three centers in north Bangalore, with facial injuries occurring from a motorcycle accident, were included. The subjects were analyzed for the type of collision, helmet use, type of helmet use, and fastening status of the helmets. A total of 311 motorcyclists were included in this study for a period of 18 months (December 2015 to June 2017). There were 79.7% males and 20.3% females. The most prominent age group was 21 to 30 years. The percentage of riders sustaining facial injuries was significantly more in the non-helmeted group. The most common injuries in open face helmets were in the middle and lower third of the face, whereas in closed face helmets it was in the middle third of the face. The numbers of injuries were significantly higher in the nonfastened helmet group as compared with fastened helmet group. Helmet fixation is an important characteristic along with helmet type for the better effectiveness and safety of the helmets for the motorcyclists.

Epidemiology of Traumatic Injuries in the Northeast Region of Haiti: A Cross-sectional Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 599-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam R. Aluisio ◽  
Annelies De Wulf ◽  
Ambert Louis ◽  
Christina Bloem
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Traumatic Injuries ◽  
Northeast Region

AbstractIntroductionMore than 90% of traumatic morbidity and mortality occurs in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). Haiti is the poorest country in the Western Hemisphere and lacks contemporary statistics on the epidemiology of traumatic injuries. This study aimed to characterize the burden of traumatic injuries among emergency department patients in the Northeast region of Haiti.MethodsData were collected from the emergency departments of all public hospitals in the Northeast region of Haiti, which included the Fort Liberté, Ouanaminthe, and Trou du Nord sites. All patients presenting for emergent care of traumatic injuries were included. Data were obtained via review of emergency department registries and patient records from October 1, 2013 through November 30, 2013. Data on demographics, mechanisms of trauma, and anatomical regions of injury were gathered using a standardized tool and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Temporal analysis of injury frequency was explored using regression modeling.ResultsData from 383 patient encounters were accrued. Ouanaminthe Hospital treated the majority of emergent injuries (59.3%), followed by Fort Liberté (30.3%) and Trou du Nord (10.4%). The median age in years was 23 with 23.1% of patients being less than 15 years of age. Road traffic accidents (RTAs) and interpersonal violence accounted for 65.8% and 30.1% of all traumatic mechanisms, respectively. Extremity trauma was the most frequently observed anatomical region of injury (38.9%), followed by head and neck (30.3%) and facial (19.1%) injuries. Trauma due to RTA resulted in a single injury (83.8%) to either an extremity or the head and neck regions most frequently. A minority of patients had medical record documentation (37.9%). Blood pressure, respiratory rate, and mental status were documented in 19.3%, 4.1%, and 0.0% of records, respectively. There were 6.3 injuries/day during the data collection period with no correlation between the frequency of emergent trauma cases and day of the week (R^2=0.01).ConclusionsTraumatic injuries are a common emergent presentation in the Northeast region of Haiti with characteristics similar to other LMIC. Documentation and associated data to adequately characterize the burden of disease in this region are lacking. Road traffic accidents are the predominate mechanism of injury, suggesting that interventions addressing prevention and treatment of this common occurrence may provide public health benefits in this setting.AluisioAR,De WulfA,LouisA,BloemC.Epidemiology of traumatic injuries in the Northeast region of Haiti: a cross-sectional study.Prehosp Disaster Med.2015;30(6):599–605.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of injuries and its impact among elderly: a descriptive community based cross-sectional study from central rural India

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 4485
Author(s):  
Shriram V. Gosavi ◽  
Anil R. Koparkar ◽  
Supriya A. Giri ◽  
Komal D. More
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Central India ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: This study was to enlighten the prevalence, different types & impact of injuries in elderly population in rural area of middle income country (India).Methods: It was a community based descriptive cross-sectional study, conducted in all 24 villages under one Primary Health Centre of central India. The study was carried out from June 2009 to May 2011.Results: In the present study, prevalence of injury was 17.1%, which was highest among elderly ageing 65-69 years (36.8%) followed by elderly ageing 60-64 years (27.4%). Prevalence of injury was higher (20%) among males as compared to females (14%). Association of age, gender and injury was not statistically significant. Fall was the most common cause (34.7%) of injury followed by occupational (34.0%) and road traffic accidents (15.8%). Superficial injuries were the most common (32.6%) type of injuries followed by fracture (27.3%). Hospital admission required by 24.2% of elderly. We found 34.7% elderly was physically impaired and 26.3% physically disabled due to various injuries.Conclusions: In the present study we found injuries pose a major public health problem in elderly. Therefore there is a need of community based assessment on impact of injury among elderly in various parts of country to formulate appropriate health initiatives for prevention and optimum treatment of injuries in elderly.

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