scholarly journals Intergenerational Transmission of Reproductive Behavior in Sweden, 1850-1889

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 181-202
Author(s):  
Paul Rotering
Keyword(s):  
Intergenerational Transmission ◽  
Reproductive Behavior ◽  
Event History Analysis ◽  
Fertility Transition ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
History Analysis ◽  
Show Evidence ◽  
The Life Course ◽  
Intergenerational Continuities

Previous studies have consistently observed intergenerational continuities in childbearing. This study uses individual-level parish records to examine the intergenerational transmission of fertility over the life course of women in Sweden during the fertility transition in the second half of the nineteenth century. Bivariate correlations, event history analysis and Poisson regression models are estimated for a large number of indicators of reproductive behavior. In line with the literature, the findings show evidence of intergenerational fertility correlations. The observed correlations are often small, but show that fertility transmission did occur during the demographic transition. The findings confirm our current understanding of intergenerational transmission and highlight the role of kin members in shaping reproductive outcomes.

scholarly journals Geographical trajectories of refugees in Sweden: Uncovering patterns and drivers of inter-regional (im)mobility

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louisa Vogiazides ◽  
Hernan Mondani
Keyword(s):  
Event History Analysis ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
Regional Distribution ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Large City ◽  
Rural Regions ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Settlement Policies ◽  
Multinomial Logit Regression ◽  
History Analysis

Abstract Many countries actively seek to disperse refugees to counteract residential segregation or/and take measures to attract and retain international migrants in smaller communities to mitigate or reverse population decline. This study explores the regional distribution and inter-regional mobility among refugees in Sweden. It uses individual-level register data to follow two cohorts for 8 years after their arrival in Sweden, distinguishing between refugees subject to a placement policy in the 1990s and recent cohorts that either had arranged their own housing or had been assigned housing. It uses sequence analysis and multinomial logit regression to analyse regional trajectories, and event history analysis to examine mobility determinants. The results indicate that most refugees remained in the same type of region throughout the period. A significant proportion of refugees with assigned housing in large city or small city/rural regions stayed there over a long period, suggesting that refugee settlement policies have long-lasting consequences.

Civic participation over the lifecourse

2020 ◽  
pp. 13-38
Author(s):  
Chris Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Intergenerational Transmission ◽  
Family Formation ◽  
Civic Participation ◽  
Terms Of Trade ◽  
Child Rearing ◽  
Class Background ◽  
Changing Patterns ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Life Course

In this chapter. Christ Taylor draws on longitudinal data from the British Birth Cohort Studies to chart the changing patterns of civic and political participation over the adult lifecourse within the UK. The analysis shows how different stages of the life course – family formation, child-rearing and employment – have implications for civic engagement as measured in terms of trade union membership, volunteering and voting. The analysis also reveals how important prior civic participation is on later civic participation. In this connection, social class background appears to have an important role in determining initial levels of civic participation over the lifecourse, particularly in terms of formal volunteering. The role of education and the intergenerational transmission of civic behaviours and attitudes, particularly during childhood, would seem to be an important component of this.

Demographic outcomes during colonisation: Migration and mortality among indigenous and non-indigenous populations in nineteenth-century Sweden

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 148-176
Author(s):  
Lotta Vikström ◽  
Emil Marklund ◽  
Glenn Sandström
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Event History Analysis ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Ethnic Origin ◽  
Indigenous Populations ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
History Analysis ◽  
Level Data

Due to insufficient historical population data, there is limited knowledge about the demographic outcomes of colonisation. This study provides demographic evidence of the difficulties faced by the Sami – an indigenous population in Sweden – during nineteenth-century colonisation, as indicated by (1) high risks of migration and (2) low survival rates compared to non-Sami. The digitised parish registers of the Demographic Data Base (Umeå University) provide longitudinal, individual-level data on migration, mortality, and ethnic origin. Event history analysis reveals that the Sami were vulnerable, with a higher mortality rate than non-Sami, and that they were more prone to migrate from areas overcrowded due to an increased competition for land. However, regardless of ethnic origin, it was primarily the settlers who migrated, and who ran the lowest mortality risks. This result suggests a ‘healthy settler effect’, and diverse consequences of colonisation that did not always follow ethnic lines.

scholarly journals Young adult occupational transition regimes in Europe: does gender matter?

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 130-149
Author(s):  
Valentina Goglio ◽  
Roberto Rizza
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Event History Analysis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
History Analysis ◽  
Specific Category ◽  
Institutional Contexts ◽  
Market Status ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Life Course

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to achieve a greater understanding of the transitions young adults experience into and out of the labour market and the influence that gender and married/cohabiting status have on employment careers. Design/methodology/approach The paper focuses on young adults (25-34 years old) in four European countries – Italy, the Netherlands, the UK and Norway – that are representative of different youth transition regimes. Using longitudinal data from EU-SILC survey (for the years 2006-2012) and event history analysis, the authors investigate the effect of the particular set of institutional features of each country, the effect of the cohort of entry and the effect of gender differences in determining transitions across labour market status. Findings Findings show that the filter exercised by the national institutions has a selective impact on the careers of young adults, with some institutional contexts more protective than others. In this respect, the condition of inactivity emerges as an interesting finding: on one side, it mainly involves women in a partnership, on the other side it is more common in protective youth regimes, suggesting that it may be a chosen rather than suffered condition. Originality/value The paper contributes to existing literature by: focusing on a specific category, young adults from 25 to 34 years old, which is increasingly recognised as a critical stage in the life course though it receives less attention than its younger counterpart (15-24); integrating the importance of family dynamics on work careers by analysing the different effects played by married/cohabiting status for men and women.

scholarly journals Event History Analysis for Investigating the Likelihood and Timing of Changing Majors

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey C. Sklar
Keyword(s):  
Event History Analysis ◽  
Student Characteristics ◽  
Event History ◽  
First Year ◽  
First Year Students ◽  
History Analysis ◽  
Enrollment Data ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

Students change their majors for various reasons, and academic advisors often assume the role of facilitating that change through institutional agreements or contracts. Therefore, advisors need to identify time periods during enrollment with the greatest likelihood that students will seek to change majors. They must also examine the student characteristics associated with changing majors so that advisors can identify students to avoid delays to graduation. The relationship between student characteristics and the likelihood of changing majors over time was studied through event history analysis techniques applied to enrollment data for a cohort of first-time first-year students.

State Lottery Adoptions as Policy Innovations: An Event History Analysis

1990 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 395-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frances Stokes Berry ◽  
William D. Berry
Keyword(s):  
State Government ◽  
Event History Analysis ◽  
Organizational Innovation ◽  
Event History ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
State Lottery ◽  
History Analysis ◽  
Political Economic

Two types of explanations of state government innovation have been proposed: internal determinants models (which posit that the factors causing a state government to innovate are political, economic, and social characteristics of a state) and regional diffusion models (which point toward the role of policy adoptions by neighboring states in prompting a state to adopt). We show that the two are conceptually compatible, relying on Mohr's theory of organizational innovation. Then we develop and test a unified explanation of state lottery adoptions reflecting both internal and regional influences. The empirical results provide a great degree of support for Mohr's theory. For the empirical analysis, we rely on event history analysis, a form of pooled cross-sectional time series analysis, which we believe may be useful in a wide variety of subfields of political science. Event history analysis may be able to explain important forms of political behavior (by individuals, organizations, or governments) even if they occur only rarely.

scholarly journals Publishing, signaling, social capital, and gender: Determinants of becoming a tenured professor in German political science

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0243514
Author(s):  
Martin Schröder ◽  
Mark Lutter ◽  
Isabel M. Habicht
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Event History Analysis ◽  
Journal Article ◽  
Third Party ◽  
University Departments ◽  
History Analysis ◽  
Leaky Pipeline ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Party Funding

We apply event history analysis to analyze career and publication data of virtually all political scientists in German university departments, showing that each published refereed journal article increases a political scientist’s chance for tenure by 9 percent, while other publications affect the odds for tenure only marginally and in some cases even negatively. Each received award and third party funding increases the odds for tenure by respectively 41 and 26 percent, while international experience, social capital and children hardly have a strong influence. Surprisingly, having degrees from a German university of excellence strongly decreases the odds for tenure. Women with similar credentials have at least 20 percent higher odds to get tenure than men. Our data therefore suggests that the lower factual hiring rates of women are better explained by a leaky pipeline, e.g. women leaving academia, rather than because women are not hired even when they are as productive as men. The article contributes to a better understanding of the role of meritocratic and non-meritocratic factors in achieving highly competitive job positions.

scholarly journals Young British adults’ homeownership circumstances and the role of intergenerational transfers

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-407
Author(s):  
Ellie Suh
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Family Support ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Event History Analysis ◽  
House Prices ◽  
Intergenerational Transfers ◽  
Event History ◽  
Parental Home ◽  
History Analysis

Despite the continuing preference for homeownership, it has become increasingly difficult for young adults to own a home in Britain. House prices have increased faster than real earnings between the mid-1990s and the 2010s, resulting in significantly deteriorated affordability. Mortgage products have also become less accessible, as a large deposit has been required to secure the loan after the financial crisis of 2008/09. Previous studies point to the increasing role of intergenerational transfers in filling this gap. Some young adults obtain help from family to become homeowners, either receiving monetary support or by saving through living at the parental home. Using the Wealth and Assets Survey, this study attempts to examine the effect of these two types of family financial support on young adults’ homeownership circumstances, and controlling for other characteristics such as parental homeownership. First, it examines the characteristics of homeowners among young adults cross-sectionally using logistic regression. Second, by focusing on the non-homeowner subsample it analyses the effect of direct (money) and indirect (co-residence) family support on young adults’ entry to homeownership in the six-year period using discrete-time event history analysis. The results show that chances of young adults’ homeownership between 2008/10 and 2014/16 are very much tied to family support. The odds of becoming homeowners who have received direct or indirect support are found to be three times higher, even after accounting for other characteristics.

Adapting Family Size and Composition: Childhood Mortality and Fertility in Rural Spain, 1750–1949

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 509-531
Author(s):  
Francisco J. Marco-Gracia
Keyword(s):  
Family Size ◽  
Reproductive Behavior ◽  
Event History Analysis ◽  
Transitional Period ◽  
Childhood Mortality ◽  
Event History ◽  
Sex Composition ◽  
Rural Villages ◽  
History Analysis ◽  
Limited Degree

An event-history analysis of ten rural villages in Spain from 1750 to 1949 indicates that the likelihood of parents having additional children was influenced by the number of their surviving children and the children’s sex composition. Parents whose children had a low survival rate had more children than parents whose children generally survived. Exclusively having daughters during the pre-transitional period also reflected, to a limited degree, the likelihood of new conception. The results suggest that some families adapted their reproductive behavior to their desired objectives. In the pre-transitional period, as well as during the transition itself, decisions to control or encourage fertility often appear to have been based on family size and composition.

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