scholarly journals Like Mother, Like Daughter. Intergenerational Transmission of Infant Mortality Clustering in Zeeland, the Netherlands, 1833-1912

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 28-46
Author(s):  
Ingrid K. Van Dijk ◽  
Kees Mandemakers
Keyword(s):  
Infant Mortality ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Intergenerational Transmission ◽  
Comparative Research ◽  
Early Death ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Infant Survival ◽  
Infant Deaths ◽  
Intermediate Data ◽  
The Family

The burden of infant mortality is not shared equally by all families, but clusters in high risk families. As yet, it remains unclear why some families experience more infant deaths than other families. Earlier research has shown that the risk of early death among infants may at least partially be transmitted from grandmothers to mothers. In this paper, we focus on the intergenerational transmission of mortality clustering in the Netherlands in the province of Zeeland between 1833 and 1912, using LINKS Zeeland, a dataset containing family reconstitutions based on civil certificates of birth, marriage and death. We assess whether intergenerational transmission of mortality clustering occurred in Zeeland, and if so, whether it can be explained on the basis of the demographic characteristics of the families in which the infants were born. In addition, we explore the opportunities for comparative research using the Intermediate Data Structure (IDS). We find that mortality clustering is indeed transmitted from grandmothers to mothers, and that the socioeconomic status of the family, the survival of mothers and fathers, and the demographic characteristics of the family affected infant survival. However, they explain the heterogeneity in infant mortality at the level of the mother only partially.

scholarly journals The Intergenerational Transfer of Infant Mortality in Northern Norway during the 19th and Early 20th Centuries

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 69-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilde Leikny Sommerseth
Keyword(s):  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Intergenerational Transmission ◽  
Infant Death ◽  
Intergenerational Transfer ◽  
Maternal Line ◽  
Northern Norway ◽  
Infant Deaths ◽  
Intermediate Data ◽  
19Th And 20Th Century ◽  
Longitudinal Dataset

This paper is one of a series of five studying the intergenerational transfer of infant mortality down the maternal line. All five studies share the same theoretical and methodological design, and use data derived from a standard database format: the Intermediate Data Structure (IDS). The data for the research reported in this paper were derived from a longitudinal dataset covering the 19th and 20th century population of the province of Troms in Northern Norway. Our results suggest that there was an element of intergenerational transmission in women’s risk of experiencing an infant death; the children of a woman whose mother had had a high number of infant deaths also had a greater risk of dying before their first birthday. The risk of an infant death occurring among the children of daughters from such ‘high risk’ families was at least 30 per cent higher than that amongst infants born to the daughters of mothers who had experienced zero infant deaths.

scholarly journals Intergenerational Transfers of Infant Mortality in 19th-Century Northern Sweden

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 106-122
Author(s):  
Göran Broström ◽  
Sören Edvinsson ◽  
Elisabeth Engberg
Keyword(s):  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Infant Death ◽  
Comparative Research ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Intergenerational Transfers ◽  
Intermediate Data ◽  
International Comparative ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Analytical Power ◽  
Intergenerational Transmissions

This contribution is part of an international comparative initiative with the aim to assess the analytical power of the Intermediate Data Structure (IDS) in a study of possible intergenerational transmissions of death in infancy. An evaluation of the data in applied research will be useful for further development of the IDS structure and for its future use in comparative research. An additional methodological aim for this part of the study is to evaluate and compare different models for statistical analysis of intergenerational transfers. The analysis is based on a cohort of mothers born 1826-1854, whose experiences of infant mortality are compared to the ones of the previous generation, the grandmothers. Data are collected from Swedish parish records, available in the database POPUM at the Demographic Data Base in Umeå. The analysis shows a clear association between infant mortality among mothers and grandmothers. The probability of an infant death for a woman is increased if her mother also had experienced an infant death. Having tested for different approaches of analysis, we found that simple models with few restrictive assumptions gave similar results as more complicated models. Since it is easy to feel confident in the models with the weakest assumptions, we argue that such models are preferred for this type of analysis.

scholarly journals Intergenerational Transfers in Infant Mortality in Southern Sweden, 1740-1968

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 88-105
Author(s):  
Luciana Quaranta
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Southern Sweden ◽  
Infant Deaths ◽  
Intermediate Data ◽  
Rural Parishes ◽  
Social And Cultural Factors ◽  
Death Clustering ◽  
Early Life Exposures ◽  
Intergenerational Transmissions

Studies conducted in historical populations and developing countries have evidenced the existence of clustering in infant deaths, which could be related to genetic inheritance, early life exposures, and/or to social and cultural factors such as education, socioeconomic status or parental care. A transmission of death clustering has also been found across generations. This paper is one of five studies that analyses intergenerational transmissions in infant mortality by using a common program to create the dataset for analysis and run the statistical models with data stored in the Intermediate Data Structure. The results of this study show that in five rural parishes in Scania, the southernmost province of Sweden, during the years 1740-1968 infant mortality was transmitted across generations. Children whose maternal grandmothers experienced two or more infant deaths had higher risks of dying in infancy. The results remained consistent when restricting the sample only to cases where the grandmother had been observed for her entire reproductive history or when controlling for socioeconomic status. When running sex specific models, significant effects of the number of infant deaths of the grandmother were observed for girls but not for boys.

scholarly journals Program for Studying Intergenerational Transmissions in Infant Mortality Using the Intermediate Data Structure (IDS)

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 11-27
Author(s):  
Luciana Quaranta
Keyword(s):  
Data Structure ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Intergenerational Transfers ◽  
Infant Deaths ◽  
Intermediate Data ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Social And Cultural Factors ◽  
Death Clustering ◽  
Intergenerational Transmissions

Studies conducted in historical populations and developing countries have evidenced the existence of clustering in infant deaths, which could be related to genetic inheritance and/or to social and cultural factors such as education, socioeconomic status or parental care. A transmission of death clustering has also been found across generations. One way of expanding the knowledge on intergenerational transfers in infant mortality is by conducting comparable studies across different populations. The Intermediate Data Structure (IDS) was developed as a strategy aimed at simplifying the collecting, storing and sharing of historical demographic data. The current work presents two programs that were developed in STATA to construct a dataset for analysis and run statistical models to study intergenerational transfers in infant mortality using databases that are stored in the IDS. The programs use information stored in the IDS tables and after elaborating such information produce Excel files with results. They can be used with any longitudinal database constructed from church books, civil registers, or population registers.

scholarly journals Mortality Clustering in the Family. Fast Life History Trajectories and the Intergenerational Transfer of Infant Death in Late 19th- and Early 20th-Century Antwerp, Belgium

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 47-68
Author(s):  
Robyn Donrovich ◽  
Paul Puschmann ◽  
Koen Matthijs
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Life History Theory ◽  
Life Experience ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Intergenerational Transfer ◽  
Survival Models ◽  
Infant Deaths ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Family

In this article, we investigate to what degree infant mortality risk was transferred from grandmothers to mothers in the Antwerp district, Belgium, during the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. We also investigate some of the determinants of infant mortality and explore the role of the family - paternal factors (presence, age, and social class), mother’s childcare experience, and infant household location - in the survival of infants. The data for this research were retrieved from the Antwerp COR*-database and were transferred into the Intermediate Data Structure (IDS). The results of the survival models show that women whose mother experienced three or more infant deaths had a 77% higher risk of experiencing the loss of an infant themselves, compared to women whose mother experienced zero infant deaths in the past. These results remained robust after controlling for potential mediating and moderating factors. The results on the age of the mother at birth, her marital status, as well as the living environment suggest that at least part of the intergenerational transfer in infant mortality can be explained on the basis of life history theory: women who grew up in a high-risk family tended to reproduce earlier and faster, and often raised their children without a partner. In this way they unconsciously created riskier conditions for the raising of their own infants: the mothers had little life experience, limited resources, and often no assistance from a partner. As a result, their own children were also at an increased risk of dying in infancy.

scholarly journals Are infant mortality rates increasing in England? The effect of extreme prematurity and early neonatal deaths

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selina Nath ◽  
Pia Hardelid ◽  
Ania Zylbersztejn
Keyword(s):  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Infant Survival ◽  
Extreme Prematurity ◽  
Neonatal Deaths ◽  
Infant Deaths ◽  
Live Births ◽  
National Statistics ◽  
Early Neonatal Deaths

Abstract Background Infant mortality has been rising in England since 2014. We examined potential drivers of these trends. Methods We used aggregate data on all live births, stillbirths and linked infant deaths in England in 2006–2016 from the Office for National Statistics. We compared trends in infant mortality rates overall, excluding births at <24 weeks of gestation, by quintile of SES and gestational age. Results Infant mortality decreased from 4.78 deaths/1000 live births in 2006 to 3.54/1000 in 2014 (annual decrease of 0.15/1000) and increased to 3.67/1000 in 2016 (annual increase of 0.07/1000). This rise was driven by increases in deaths at 0–6 days of life. After excluding infants born at <24 weeks of gestation, infant mortality continued to decrease after 2014. The risk of infant death was 94% higher in the most versus least deprived SES quintile, which reduced to a 55% higher risk after adjusting for gestational age. Conclusions The observed increase in infant mortality rates since 2014 is wholly explained by an increasing number of deaths at 0–6 days of age among babies born at <24 weeks of gestation. Policies focused on improving maternal health to reduce preterm birth could substantially reduce the socio-economic gap in infant survival.

scholarly journals Health capabilities and the determinants of infant mortality in Brazil, 2004–2015: an innovative methodological framework

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Bugelli ◽  
Roxane Borgès Da Silva ◽  
Ladislau Dowbor ◽  
Claude Sicotte
Keyword(s):  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Fertility Rate ◽  
Employment Rate ◽  
Infant Deaths ◽  
Bolsa Familia ◽  
Per Capita

Abstract Background Despite the implementation of a set of social and health policies, Brazil has experienced a slowdown in the decline of infant mortality, regional disparities and persistent high death levels, raising questions about the determinants of infant mortality after the implementation of these policies. The objective of this article is to propose a methodological approach aiming at identifying the determinants of infant mortality in Brazil after the implementation of those policies. Method A series of multilevel panel data with fixed effect nested within-clusters were conducted supported by the concept of health capabilities based on data from 26 Brazilian states between 2004 and 2015. The dependent variables were the neonatal, the infant and the under-five mortality rates. The independent variables were the employment rate, per capita income, Bolsa Família Program coverage, the fertility rate, educational attainment, the number of live births by prenatal visits, the number of health professionals per thousand inhabitants, and the access to water supply and sewage services. We also used different time lags of employment rate to identify the impact of employment on the infant mortality rates over time, and household income stratified by minimum wages to analyze their effects on these rates. Results The results showed that in addition to variables associated with infant mortality in previous studies, such as Bolsa Família Program, per capita income and fertility rate, other factors affect child mortality. Educational attainment, quality of prenatal care and access to health professionals are also elements impacting infant deaths. The results also identified an association between employment rate and different infant mortality rates, with employment impacting neonatal mortality up to 3 years and that a family income below 2 minimum wages increases the odds of infant deaths. Conclusion The results proved that the methodology proposed allowed the use of variables based on aggregated data that could hardly be used by other methodologies.

Children with cerebral palsy: Family and parent demographic characteristics and family strengths in Greece and Italy

2020 ◽  
pp. 135910531990027
Author(s):  
Assimina Tsibidaki
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Family Strengths ◽  
Biological Child ◽  
The Family ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽  
High Sense

The study focuses on families raising a child with cerebral palsy to investigate family strengths and their association with family and parent demographic characteristics in Greece and Italy. Participants were 120 parents raising a biological child with cerebral palsy. Data collection used a self-report questionnaire and the Family Strengths Inventory. According to the findings, families share a high sense of family strengths, which is mainly represented in the high sense of ‘pride’ and ‘accord’. In addition, demographic characteristics seem to be important predictors of well-being and strengthen parents and families raising a child with cerebral palsy.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document