scholarly journals Youth Worker Reasoning about Dilemmas Encountered in Practice: Expert-Novice Differences

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-May ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathrin C. Walker ◽  
Reed W. Larson
Keyword(s):  
Decision Trees ◽  
Mental Models ◽  
Group Dynamics ◽  
Youth Programs ◽  
Youth Workers ◽  
Youth Group ◽  
Youth Worker ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
Expert Novice ◽  
Qualitative Analyses

This study examines one aspect of youth worker expertise, the ability to appraise and respond to the dilemmas of practice encountered in youth programs. To understand how expert youth workers differ from novices in their reasoning about these dilemmas, a sample of expert and novice practitioners read vignettes of dilemma situations and described their appraisals of the situations and how they might respond to them. Quantitative analyses confirmed four hypothesized differences between the two groups. Experts identified more considerations in the situations and generated more possible responses. Experts’ responses were also more likely to be youth-centered and address multiple considerations. Qualitative analyses suggested that these differences were attributable to the experts having more elaborate mental models that allowed them to understand varied human systems – individual youth, group dynamics, parents, funders, etc. – and to tailor their responses accordingly. The experts engaged in more forecasting of events, anticipating contingencies, and formulating decision trees that took possible contingencies into account. Although preliminary, the findings have implications for how youth workers are trained.

A Corpus-based Study of the Impact of Directionality on EnglishChinese Simultaneous Interpreting

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Xiaoyi Zhai
Keyword(s):  
Holistic View ◽  
Simultaneous Interpreting ◽  
Filled Pauses ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
Expert Novice ◽  
Phd Thesis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Qualitative Analyses

This PhD thesis investigates the impact of directionality on English<>Chinese simultaneous interpreting (SI) based on a purposely built spoken corpus. The study examines disfluencies (filled pauses and repetitions) and repairs from both quantitative and qualitative perspectives. An expert-novice paradigm is also adopted with the aim of determining if directionality influences these two different groups. The quantitative analyses look at the frequency of filled pauses and repetitions, as well as the frequency of different types of repairs (including appropriateness repairs, different repairs, error repairs, mid-articulatory repairs and repair failures) and the proportion of each category of disfluencies and repairs. The aims are to determine if directionality influences SI fluency and to provide a holistic view of the extent to which directionality influences the occurrence of disfluencies and repair behaviour. These quantitative analyses are complemented by qualitative analyses of filled pauses and repetitions, as well as each category of repairs. The aims are to examine the influence of directionality on the occurrence of filled pauses and repetitions and to examine the reasons that cause these repairs. The results indicate that directionality has some impact on the interpreting performance of student interpreters, but such impact is negligible on the performance of professionals. The results also show that expertise helps professional interpreters cope with the challenge caused by directionality better in comparison with student interpreters, even with an average of 3.5 years’ experience. Findings in this study provide new insights on the understanding of disfluencies and repairs through interpreters’ performance. In addition, the study contributes to closing the current gaps in the literature regarding the impact of directionality on disfluencies and repairs in English<>Chinese SI and presents pedagogical implications for SI training in these two directions.

How Staff of Youth Programs Respond to Culture-Related Incidents

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Gutiérrez ◽  
Reed W. Larson ◽  
Marcela Raffaelli ◽  
Mariela Fernandez ◽  
Sandy Guzman
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Youth Programs ◽  
Cultural Identification ◽  
Group Leaders ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Program Leaders ◽  
Reflective Dialogue ◽  
European Youth ◽  
Qualitative Analyses

Incidents in which program leaders confront issues of culture and race occur regularly in many youth programs. These incidents are important because they reflect powerful dimensions of youth’s lived experience and bring issues of injustice and program inclusiveness to the fore. This study examined these culture-related incidents and how leaders responded to them. Interviews were conducted with 50 leaders from 27 programs serving primarily Latino, African American, and European youth. Half the programs served middle school–aged teens and half high school–aged teens. Qualitative analyses identified four categories of incidents, each presenting distinct considerations for leaders. Two ( offensive remarks and discrimination) involved inappropriate speech and unjust actions. Two ( discomfort with intercultural contact and cultural identification and identity) involved youth’s expression of negative attitudes toward others’ or own group. Leaders differed in their responses to incidents. A universalist, race-blind group asserted that culture did not matter in their program and reported virtually no incidents. A second group reported culture-related incidents but described limited responses because they lacked confidence or skills. A third group appeared to represent best practices: These leaders engaged directly with the incidents and facilitated reflective dialogue in which youth drew on experiences, analyzed situations, and learned through collective discussion. Implications for practice are drawn.

Goals for Adolescent Participation in Organized Youth Programs: Views From Adolescent-Parent Dyads

2021 ◽  
pp. 074355842110348
Author(s):  
Lorraine Munoz ◽  
Marcela Raffaelli ◽  
Hyeyoung Kang
Keyword(s):  
Ethnically Diverse ◽  
The United States ◽  
Youth Programs ◽  
Adoptive Parents ◽  
Team Approach ◽  
Adolescent Parent ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
Predominantly Female ◽  
Theory Research ◽  
Adolescent Participation

This study investigated the goals adolescents and parents have for the adolescent’s participation in an organized youth program. Open-ended interviews were conducted with 52 adolescents from 13 project-based youth programs and one of their caregivers. Adolescents (aged 13–18; 56% female) were ethnically diverse (46% Latinx, 29% European American, 19% African American, and 6% other). Caregivers ( M age 43.15 years) were predominantly female (80%) and biological or adoptive parents (94%); about half had been born in the United States. Qualitative and quantitative analyses were conducted to examine goal content and congruence between adolescents and parents. Interview data were inductively coded following a consensus team approach. Thirteen goal categories were identified: nine were described by both adolescents and parents (e.g., skill-building and socialization) and two were unique to adolescents and two to parents. More than half (56%) of adolescent-parent dyads reported at least one matching goal. In general, adolescents tended to emphasize short-term objectives and parents long-term outcomes. Collectively, findings indicate that adolescents and their parents view organized programs as salient contexts to pursue youth’s personal goals. Findings have implications for theory, research, and practice.

scholarly journals A Call for Conducting Multivariate Mixed Analyses

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony J. Onwuegbuzie
Keyword(s):  
Complex Form ◽  
Intermediate Level ◽  
Simultaneous Analysis ◽  
Advanced Level ◽  
Mixed Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
Multiple Variables ◽  
Qualitative Analyses

<p>Several authors have written methodological works that provide an introductory- and/or intermediate-level guide to conducting mixed analyses. Although these works have been useful for beginning and emergent mixed researchers, with very few exceptions, works are lacking that describe and illustrate advanced-level mixed analysis approaches. Thus, the purpose of this article is to introduce the concept of <em>multivariate mixed analyses</em>, which represents a complex form of advanced mixed analyses. These analyses characterize a class of mixed analyses wherein at least one of the quantitative analyses and at least one of the qualitative analyses <em>both</em> involve the simultaneous analysis of multiple variables. The notion of multivariate mixed analyses previously has not been discussed in the literature, illustrating the significance and innovation of the article. <strong></strong></p>

Analysis of Acetone Peroxide Premixes for Bleaching and Maturing Flour

1964 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 363-366
Author(s):  
James T Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Organic Peroxides ◽  
Dilute Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
Single Determination ◽  
Acetone Peroxide ◽  
Qualitative Analyses

Abstract A quantitative and a qualitative method for the determination of acetone peroxides were subjected to collaborative study. Quantitative analyses are based upon liberation and titration of hydrogen peroxide from acyclic peroxides and hydroperoxides by dilute sulfuric acid and standardized potassium permanganate, respectively. Single determination of 6 samples (varying in per cent levels of peroxide equivalent) each of baking premixes and milling premixes produced very good collaborative results. Qualitative analyses, achieved by comparing infrared spectra of acetone-extracted organic peroxides with acetone-extracted organic peroxides from a reference premix, gave peaks characteristic of the premixes. No interferences were seen from various starch blanks. Both the quantitative and the qualitative methods are recommended for adoption as official, first action.

scholarly journals Információelmélet és marketing

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-41
Author(s):  
Mária Kis
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
Qualitative Analyses

In the lat analysis the informationtheory puts the matter in another light the questionaris and those results. In analysis it is possible use arithmetic of informationtheory and those show to interesting connections , but these prove insufficient for itself. It is necessary completing the quantitative analyses of information with qualitative analyses.

scholarly journals FORMATION OF YOUTH WORKER PROFESSIONALISM: PROBLEMS IN ESTONIA

2015 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-96
Author(s):  
Maarika Veigel
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Professional Growth ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
National Curriculum ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Professional Staff ◽  
Development Model ◽  
Youth Work ◽  
Youth Workers ◽  
Youth Worker

Youth field has been in constant evolution during the restoration period of Estonian independence, since 1991. The theoretical overview is about youth worker professionalism, associated with the developments in the European and Estonian youth field and in the context of the Berliner competency levels development model. It explains the expectations set for youth workers, to teaching and youth field institutions. Youth work is expected, like formal education, with more clearly defined educational goals, and it is emphasized that it is a non-formal education. An important aspect is enjoying of the activities and its educational elements. The National Curriculum for Basic Schools and Gymnasium (2011) sets the expectations that the non-formal education will give more support to students to complete the curriculum of formal education. Youth work in Estonia is an essential component of the educational system. Therefore, the professionalism of youth workers and their coping with new challenges is very important. Over the last ten years, major changes in the Estonian youth worker professionalism and in the aspects of professional development haven’t been mentioned. The answers are briefly: in Estonia youth worker profession has been associated with the development of youth field, but the staff preparation is very different and characterised by low working experience. Berliner presented development model of competency levels, treats the professional development as long-term, complex process, distinguishing between the five stages of development of the professional staff, which are also regarded in the context of the professional development of the youth worker. Youth work quality is dependent on the availability of professional youth workers and in order to gain it, the high mobility inside the sector should be reduced, a better situation and more support should be created for the formation of youth worker professionalism at the various levels of the professional growth. Key words: competency, professional level, professionalism, youth work, youth worker.

scholarly journals Identification and evaluation of processes for joint disposal of high level radioactive waste and low to intermediate level radioactive waste

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 183-184
Author(s):  
Andreas Poller ◽  
Susie M. L. Hardie ◽  
Gerhard Mayer ◽  
Marie Pijorr ◽  
Joachim Poppei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radioactive Waste ◽  
Selection Procedure ◽  
Crystalline Rock ◽  
Intermediate Level ◽  
Clay Rock ◽  
High Level Radioactive Waste ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
Intermediate Level Radioactive Waste ◽  
High Level ◽  
Qualitative Analyses

Abstract. The on-going research project „Identification and evaluation of processes that can arise by disposing of both high level radioactive waste (HAW) and low to intermediate level radioactive waste (LAW/MAW) at the same site“ (GemEnd, FKZ 4719F10401), commissioned by the Federal Office for the Safety of Nuclear Waste Management (BASE), is concerned with the question which thermal, hydraulic, mechanical, chemical and biological (THMCB) processes could be of importance for the long-term safety of the geological repository for high level radioactive waste. The focus of the project is on mutual influences between the HAW and LAW/MAW repositories, which should be constructed separately according to the Safety Regulations (Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety, BMU, 2020). A second point of emphasis is on processes that could result from the disposal of small amounts of LAW/MAW within the HAW repository. The analyses carried out for each of the potential host rocks clay rock, rock salt and crystalline rock as well as for a combination of clay rock above crystalline rock at a generic site are divided into a qualitative and a quantitative part. As for the qualitative analyses, all potentially relevant processes are identified and evaluated as to whether they are negligible or principally relevant for the exemplary repository configurations considered and according to the current state of knowledge. With regard to the quantitative analyses, the possible extent of potentially safety-relevant processes is illustrated by means of coupled numerical simulations. Of special interest are the effects of particularly sensitive model approaches and/or parameters and notably of the distances between the HAW and LAW/MAW repositories in the different exemplary repository configurations considered. From the results of the quantitative and qualitative analyses, knowledge gaps will be identified and the possibility of their reduction by research and development activities will be discussed. Furthermore, aspects of the transferability of the results to the German site selection procedure will be illuminated. At the interdisciplinary research symposium safeND selected preliminary results of both the qualitative and quantitative analyses will be presented.

scholarly journals Conceptualization of containment in Chinese

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hung-Kuan Su ◽  
Alvin Cheng-Hsien Chen
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Strong Preference ◽  
Strong Connection ◽  
Temporal Concepts ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Qualitative Analyses

Abstract This study investigates the semantic variations of three near-synonymous space particle constructions of containment in Chinese: [zài NP lǐ/nèi/zhōng]. While previous work has mostly applied qualitative analyses of the semantic differences between these particles, this study presents a corpus-based analysis examining the relationship between space particles and their co-occurring landmarks in the locative construction. Two quantitative analyses were conducted: a multiple distinctive collexeme analysis and a post-hoc semantic analysis. Our results suggest the following. First, lǐ is a more unmarked particle in encoding containment, co-occurring with both canonical landmarks and a wider range of entities. Second, nèi shows a strong preference for landmarks denoting temporal concepts; this metaphorical use often implies a preplanned objective in the proposition, with the landmark as an intended deadline. Finally, zhōng shows a strong connection to landmarks denoting high-dynamicity events. This extended use often comes with a marked aspectual reading of the landmark.

scholarly journals ORGANIZATIONAL FACTOR AS BASIC ELEMENTS OF THE ESTONIAN YOUTH WORKERS´ PROFESSIONAL GROWTH

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 302
Author(s):  
Maarika Veigel
Keyword(s):  
Professional Growth ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Organizational Factors ◽  
Youth Work ◽  
Youth Workers ◽  
Youth Worker ◽  
High Satisfaction

The issue of the Estonian youth workers´ professionality has been relevant for many years. Organizational factors are important in the youth worker´s professional growth. Youth worker is a promoter of non-formal education. Research explained the issues related to the youth workers professional growth, including organizational factors. The theoretical framework of the research created Ruohotie, Tamm concepts of professional growth and Hackman, Oldham job satisfaction characteristics. The purpose of this research was brought to the light youth work specialists´ opinions about the organizational factors of the professional growth. For qualitative data collection semi-structed interviews were conducted with 35 Estonian youth work specialists in 2016-2018. The results showed that in eight key-topics important opinions were received. Most attention should be given further to the beginner youth workers´ support for efficient and faster adaptation with work. Mostly were explained interviewees high satisfaction with team and colleagues. Interviews revealed a different commitment to work, which depends of the employee´s professional awareness and involvement in initiatives, that could have resulted from different education, professional training or personal characteristics. The quality of the feedback is important for the employee's professional growth. Individualisation of the work may create a threat to versatility. For further clarification: youth workers´ professional identity. 

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