scholarly journals Penile Cancer in Cali, Colombia: 10 Years of Casuistry in a Tertiary Referral Center of a Middle-Income Country

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 109-114
Author(s):  
Lina M. Rengifo ◽  
Maria del M. Herrera ◽  
Angie L. Rincon-Jimenez ◽  
Alberto J. Bermudez-Pupo ◽  
Francisco J. Bonilla-Escobar
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Penile Cancer ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Tertiary Referral ◽  
Tertiary Referral Hospital ◽  
Common Location ◽  
History Of

Background: Penile cancer is a rare disease in Colombia; in Cali, it represents 0.7% of all cancers. Penile cancer has been associated with old age, bad hygiene, smoking and lack of circumcision. This study aimed to describe the sociodemographic and clinica  characteristics of patients with penile cancer who consulted to a tertiary referral hospital. Methods: A case series of all penile cance cases at a reference institution in Cali during 2001-2010. Socioeconomic, demographic and clinical features of patients were described, and bivariate analyses were carried out. Results: There were 46 penile cancer cases. The average age was 60 ± 16.9 years. The main reason for consultation was an exophytic mass on the penis (75.0%). The most common location was the glans (69.6%), and the more frequent histology type was the squamous cell carcinoma (95.7%). With regard to risk factors, 65.5% of the patients had history of smoking and90.9% did not have circumcision. Patients who underwent radical amputation had higher rates of positive nodes (55% vs. 13.5%, p=0.015) and ulcerative lesions (77.8% vs. 29.7%, p=0.018) than those who did not have the procedure done. Recurrence was associated with the presence of lymphadenopathy (p=0.02) and history of circumcision (p=0.015). Conclusion: Most of the patients with penile cancer found in this study had old age, history of tobacco use and lack of circumcision. Patients who presented with lymph node metastasis had to undergo more radical procedures and suffered a greater rate of recurrence compared with those without lymph node involvement. Robust studies to determine the risk factors among low-income populations are required.

scholarly journals Incidence and Risk Factors of Symptomatic Venous Thromboembolism Following Foot and Ankle Surgery

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna Marie Richey ◽  
Miranda Lucia Ritterman Weintraub ◽  
John M. Schuberth
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Foot And Ankle ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Ankle Surgery ◽  
History Of ◽  
Low Incidence ◽  
Predictive Risk

Background: The incidence rate of venous thrombotic events (VTEs) following foot and ankle surgery is low. Currently, there is no consensus regarding postoperative prophylaxis or evidence to support risk stratification. Methods: A 2-part study assessing the incidence and factors for the development of VTE was conducted: (1) a retrospective observational cohort study of 22 486 adults to calculate the overall incidence following foot and/or ankle surgery from January 2008 to May 2011 and (2) a retrospective matched case-control study to identify risk factors for development of VTE postsurgery. One control per VTE case matched on age and sex was randomly selected from the remaining patients. Results: The overall incidence of VTE was 0.9%. Predictive risk factors in bivariate analyses included obesity, history of VTE, history of trauma, use of hormonal replacement or oral contraception therapy, anatomic location of surgery, procedure duration 60 minutes or more, general anesthesia, postoperative nonweightbearing immobilization greater than 2 weeks, and use of anticoagulation. When significant variables from bivariate analyses were placed into the multivariable regression model, 4 remained statistically significant: adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for obesity, 6.1; history of VTE, 15.7; use of hormone replacement therapy, 8.9; and postoperative nonweightbearing immobilization greater than 2 weeks, 9.0. The risk of VTE increased significantly with 3 or more risk factors ( P = .001). Conclusion: The overall low incidence of VTE following foot and ankle surgery does not support routine prophylaxis for all patients. Among patients with 3 or more risk factors, the use of chemoprophylaxis may be warranted. Level of Evidence: Level III, retrospective case series.

scholarly journals Analysis of Sociodemographic and Clinical Factors Associated with Hospitalized Stroke Patients of Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
AM Hossain ◽  
NU Ahmed ◽  
M Rahman ◽  
MR Islam ◽  
G Sadhya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Ischaemic Heart Disease ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of

A hospital based cross sectional study was carried out to analyze prevalence of risk factors for stroke in hospitalized patient in a medical college hospital. 100 patients were chosen using purposive sampling technique. Highest incidence of stroke was between the 6th and 7th decade. Patients came from both urban (54%) and rural (46%) areas and most of them belong to the low-income group (47%). In occupational category; service holder (28%) and retired person (21%) were the highest groups. Most of the study subjects were literate (63%). CT scan study revealed that the incidence of ischaemic stroke was 61% and haemorrhagic stroke 39%. Analysis indicated hypertension as major risk factor for stroke (63%) and major portion of the patients (42.85%) were on irregular or no treatment. Twenty four percent of the patients had heart diseases and out of 24 patients 45.83% were suffering from ischaemic heart disease. The present study detected diabetes in 21% patients. Fifty three percent of the study subjects were smoker, 39% patients had habit of betelnut chewing. Out of 26 female patients, only 23% had history of using oral contraceptives. Majority of the patients were sedentary workers (46%). Thirty seven percent of the stroke patients were obese. Among the stroke patients 9% had previous history of stroke and 3% had TIA respectively. Most of the patients (21%) were awake while they suffered from stroke and the time of occurrence was mostly in the afternoon (46%). This study found that hypertension, cigarette smoking, ischaemic heart disease and diabetes mellitus are the major risk factors prevalent in our community while other risk factors demand further study. Key words: stroke; risk factors; hospitalized patients; Bangladesh. DOI: 10.3329/fmcj.v6i1.7405 Faridpur Med. Coll. J. 2011;6(1): 19-23

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Mortality in Severely Ill Children Admitted to a Tertiary Referral Hospital in Malawi

2019 ◽  
Vol 101 (3) ◽  
pp. 670-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatsani Ngwalangwa ◽  
Chikondi H. A. Phiri ◽  
Queen Dube ◽  
Josephine Langton ◽  
Helena Hildenwall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Referral ◽  
Tertiary Referral Hospital

scholarly journals Risk Factors of Stroke in Young and Old Age Group Admitted in a Tertiary Level Hospital, Dhaka - A Comparative Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-100
Author(s):  
Md. Nurul Amin Miah ◽  
MA Azhar ◽  
Aminur Rahman ◽  
Durba Halder ◽  
Md. Akteruzzaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Transient Ischemic Attack ◽  
Oral Contraceptive Pill ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Old Patients ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ischemic Attack ◽  
Stroke In Young

Background: Stroke is an important cause of death and disability. Prevalence of stroke in Bangladesh differs with age. The risk factors in young differ in comparison to old age group. In this study risk factors of stroke in young in comparison to old age group were evaluated. Objectives: To compare the risk factors associated with stroke in young adult and to those of old age group. Methodology: This comparative study conducted in the department of Medicine and Neurology, Sir Salimullah Medical College & Mitford Hospital, Dhaka from January 2008 to June 2009. One hundred two stroke patient of above 15 years of age were confirmed by CT scan or MRI of brain those were included in young and old age groups. The risk factors of stroke were defined in terms of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidaemia, ischemic heart diseases, valvular heart disease, history of transient ischemic attack or stroke, smoking and oral contraceptive pill. Results: Of total 102 cases 17 were young adults and 85 old patients between 19 to 100 years. Mean age young adult was 39.76 (± 6.379) and old age was 65.06 (± 11.238). 61.7% were male & 38.2% were female and the ratio was 1.6:1. Amongst male 58.8% patients were smoker in each age group and only 2.9% old patients were alcoholic. Only 17.6% had previous history of transient ischemic attack or stroke in each age group. 58.8% of young and 48.2% of old were hypertensive. 7% old patients had history of ischemic heart disease. 5.9% of young and 2.4% of old patients had valvular heart disease but no patient had vasculitis. 16.7% old patients had diabetes mellitus. 4.9% of total patients (young 11.8% and 3.5% old) were oral contraceptive pill user. Out of all patients 24.7% old patients and 5.9% young adult was dyslipidaemic. Among all patients 66.7% patients had the Ischemic stroke and 33.3% patients had the hemorrhagic stroke. 68.2% old patients and 58.8% young patients had Ischemic stroke; 31.8% old patients and 41.2% young patients had hemorrhagic stroke. Conclusion: In young age group smoking, transient ischemic attack or stroke, hypertension, valvular heart disease, oral contraceptive pill and in old age group smoking, transient ischemic attack or stroke, hypertension, Ischemic heart disease, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidaemia were found significant risk factors for development of stroke. So modification of risk factors may reduce the incidence of stroke. Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience 2011; Vol. 27 (2) : 94-100 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjn.v27i2.17576

scholarly journals Analysis of the Related Risk Factors of Inguinal Lymph Node Metastasis in Patients with Penile Cancer: A Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
yatao jia ◽  
Hongwei Zhao ◽  
Yun Hao ◽  
Jiang Zhu ◽  
Yingyi Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Penile Cancer ◽  
Inguinal Lymph Node ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Onset Time ◽  
Maximum Diameter ◽  
T Stage ◽  
Pathological Differentiation

Abstract Background: To determine independent predictors of inguinal lymph node(ILN) metastasis in patients with penile-cancer.Patients and methods: We retrospectively analyzed all patients with penile-cancer undergoing surgery at our medical center in ten years(N=157). Using univariate and multivariate logistic-regression models, we assessed associations between the following factors: age, medical-history, phimosis, onset-time, number and maximum diameter of involved ILNs, pathological T stage, degree of tumor differentiation and/or cornification, lymphatic vascular infiltration(LVI), nerve infiltration, and ILN metastases. Interaction and stratified analyses were then used to assess age, phimosis, onset-time, number of ILNs, cornification, and nerve infiltration.Results: Ultimately, 110 patients were included. Multiple logistic-regression analysis showed that the following factors were significantly correlated with ILN metastasis: maximum diameter of enlarged ILNs, T stage, pathological differentiation, and LVI. Among patients with a maximum ILN diameter of ≥1.5 cm, 50%(19/38) had LNM(HR=2.3, 95%CI: 1.0–5.1), whereas only 30.6%(22/72) of patients with a maximum ILN diameter <1.5 cm showed LNM. Among 44 patients with stage Ta/T1, 10(22.7%) showed ILN metastases, while 31 of 66(47.0%) patients with stage T2 showed ILN metastases(HR=3.0, 95%CI: 1.3–7.1). Among 40 patients with highly differentiated penile-cancer, eight(20%) showed ILN metastasis, while 33 of 70(47.1%) patients with low-to-middle differentiation showed ILN metastases(HR=3.6, 95%CI: 1.4–8.8). In the LVI-free group, the rate of LNM was 33.3%(32/96), whereas it was 64.3%(9/14) in the LVI group(HR=3.6, 95%CI: 1.1–11.6). Conclusion: Our single-center results suggested that maximum ILN diameter, pathological T stage, pathological differentiation, and LVI were independent risk factors for ILN metastases.

scholarly journals P154 DOES A PENO-SCROTAL APPROACH FOR PENILE PROSTHESIS IMPLANTATION INCREASE THE INCIDENCE OF INGUINAL HERNIAS POSTOPERATIVELY?

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shadi Al-Bahri ◽  
Hazem Taifour
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Inguinal Hernia ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Penile Prosthesis ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
General Surgeon ◽  
Direct Inguinal Hernia ◽  
Prosthesis Implantation ◽  
Radiologic Imaging ◽  
History Of

Abstract Aim The incidence of direct inguinal hernia and reservoir migration post-penile prosthesis implantation is extremely rare. We present a case series of patients presenting with direct inguinal hernia following three-piece penile prosthesis implantation. Material and Methods Three patients presented with direct inguinal hernia shortly following penile prosthesis implantation for treatment of refractory erectile dysfunction due to venous leak that was confirmed on ultrasound imaging. All patients underwent standard open Lichtenstein tension free repair. Results All patients underwent penile prosthesis Implantation through a peno-scrotal approach in which the reservoir was placed in the space of Retzius. The first patient had reservoir displacement one day post-operatively presenting as an inguinal bulge and discomfort, and repaired the same day. The other two patients presented with symptoms of inguinal swelling and pain at 40 days and 8 months respectively. None of our patients had signs and symptoms of intestinal obstruction. Identifiable risk factors included high BMI and a history of smoking, however dissection and placement of the reservoir may play a role in weakening the floor of the inguinal canal. Conclusions Despite the rare incidence of inguinal hernia post-penile prosthesis implantation, identification of patients with risk factors for inguinal hernia development should be done preoperatively. This may be evaluated through preoperative radiologic imaging with an abdominal wall ultrasound or clinical examination by a general surgeon.

scholarly journals Invasive tracheal neoplasia in eight cats: descriptive cases and review of the current literature

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 205511691769007 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Howard ◽  
Jade Fisher ◽  
M Katherine Tolbert
Keyword(s):  
Current Literature ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Tertiary Referral ◽  
Tertiary Referral Hospital ◽  
Severe Respiratory Distress ◽  
Poorly Differentiated ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Tracheal Tumors

Case series summary This case series describes eight cases of invasive tracheal neoplasia that were recognized between the years 1989 and 2014 from a single tertiary referral hospital. This is a disproportionately high number of cases compared with the total number of reports in the current literature. Relevance and novel information Invasive tracheal neoplasia is uncommonly diagnosed in domestic cats. Feline tracheal tumors mimic other upper respiratory diseases making diagnosis challenging. Prognosis is guarded to grave, with most cats surviving less than 1 month after beginning treatment. Severe respiratory distress in cats often warrants humane euthanasia. Appropriate clinical suspicion and awareness can expedite diagnoses leading to prolonged survival rates with appropriate treatments. This case series represents the largest number of feline tracheal tumors reported and also describes the first unique histological presentation of what the authors believe to be a poorly differentiated tracheal carcinoma.

Small (< 10-mm) incidentally found intracranial aneurysms, Part 1: reasons for detection, demographics, location, and risk factors in 212 consecutive patients

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. E3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis Loumiotis ◽  
Anne Wagenbach ◽  
Robert D. Brown ◽  
Giuseppe Lanzino
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Intracranial Aneurysms ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Imaging Study ◽  
Consecutive Series ◽  
Common Location ◽  
Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms ◽  
Paraclinoid Aneurysms ◽  
History Of

Object The widespread use of imaging techniques for evaluating nonspecific symptoms (vertigo, dizziness, memory concerns, unsteadiness, and the like) and focal neurological symptoms related to cerebrovascular disease has led to increased identification of asymptomatic incidentally discovered unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs). The management of these incidental aneurysms is controversial and many factors need to be considered. The authors describe reasons leading to diagnosis, demographics, and risk factors in a large consecutive series of patients with small incidentally found UIAs. Methods The authors prospectively evaluated 335 patients harboring 478 small (< 10-mm) UIAs between January 2008 and May 2011. Patients with known aneurysms, possibly symptomatic aneurysms, arteriovenous malformation–related aneurysms, patients with a history of subarachnoid hemorrhage from another aneurysm, and patients harboring extradural aneurysms were excluded from the analysis. Only truly incidental small aneurysms (272 aneurysms in 212 patients) were considered for the present analysis. Data regarding the reason for detection, demographics, location, and presence of potential risk factors for aneurysm formation were prospectively collected. Results There were 158 female (74.5%) and 54 male (25.5%) patients whose mean age was 60.6 years (median 62 years). The most common reason for undergoing the imaging study that led to a diagnosis of the aneurysms was evaluation for nonspecific spells and symptoms related to focal cerebrovascular ischemia (43.4%), known/possible intracranial or neck pathology (24%), and headache (16%). The most common location (27%) of the aneurysm was the middle cerebral artery; the second most common (22%) was the paraclinoid internal carotid artery (excluding cavernous sinus aneurysms). Sixty-nine percent of patients were current or prior smokers, 60% had a diagnosis of hypertension, and 23% had one or more relatives with a history of intracranial aneurysms with or without subarachnoid hemorrhage. Conclusions Small incidental UIAs are more commonly diagnosed in elderly individuals during imaging performed to investigate ill-defined spells or focal cerebrovascular ischemic symptoms, or during the evaluation of known or probable unrelated intracranial/neck pathology. Hypertension, smoking, and family history of aneurysms are common in this patient population, and the presence of these risk factors has important implications for treatment recommendations. Although paraclinoid aneurysms (excluding intracavernous aneurysms) are uncommon in patients with ruptured intracranial aneurysms, this location is very common in patients with small incidental UIAs.

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