scholarly journals Responses of aeolian desertification to a range of climate scenarios in China

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xunming Wang ◽  
Ting Hua ◽  
Wenyong Ma
Keyword(s):  
Regional Differences ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Vegetation Indices ◽  
Earth System ◽  
Climate Scenarios ◽  
Aeolian Desertification ◽  
Future Policy ◽  
Global Food ◽  
Desertification Monitoring ◽  
Precipitation And Temperature

Abstract. Aeolian desertification plays an important role in earth-system processes and ecosystems, and has the potential to greatly impact on global food production. The occurrence of aeolian desertification has traditionally been attributed to increases in wind velocity and temperature, and decreases in precipitation. In this study, by integrating the aeolian desertification monitoring data and climate and vegetation indices, we found that although aeolian desertification is influenced by complex climate patterns and human activities, increases in precipitation and temperature, and decreases in wind speed, may also trigger aeolian desertification in China. Our results show that, even when modern technical approaches are used, different approaches to desertification need to be applied to account for regional differences. These results have important implications for future policy decisions on how best to combat desertification.

scholarly journals Responses of aeolian desertification to a range of climate scenarios in China

Solid Earth ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 959-964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xunming Wang ◽  
Ting Hua ◽  
Wenyong Ma
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Vegetation Indices ◽  
Earth System ◽  
Climate Scenarios ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Aeolian Desertification ◽  
Future Policy ◽  
Global Food

Abstract. Aeolian desertification plays an important role in earth-system processes and ecosystems, and has the potential to greatly impact global food production. The occurrence of aeolian desertification has traditionally been attributed to increases in wind speed and temperature and decreases in rainfall. In this study, by integrating the aeolian desertification monitoring data and climate and vegetation indices, we found that although aeolian desertification is influenced by complex climate patterns and human activities, increases in rainfall and temperature and decreases in wind speed may not be the key factors of aeolian desertification controls in some regions of China. Our results show that, even when modern technical approaches are used, different approaches to desertification need to be applied to account for regional differences. These results have important implications for future policy decisions on how best to combat desertification.

Phosphorus: Past History and Contributions to the Global Food Supply

2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Past History ◽  
Phosphate Fertilizer ◽  
Global Food ◽  
Global Food Supply

Since its early rudimentary forms, phosphate fertilizer has developed in step with our understanding of successful food production systems. Recognized as essential to life, the responsible use P in agriculture remains key to food security.

scholarly journals Fengyun Meteorological Satellite Products for Earth System Science Applications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Di Xian ◽  
Peng Zhang ◽  
Ling Gao ◽  
Ruijing Sun ◽  
Haizhen Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Sharing ◽  
Satellite Data ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Weather Forecasting ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Weather Prediction ◽  
Vegetation Indices ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Earth System ◽  
Inversion Algorithm

AbstractFollowing the progress of satellite data assimilation in the 1990s, the combination of meteorological satellites and numerical models has changed the way scientists understand the earth. With the evolution of numerical weather prediction models and earth system models, meteorological satellites will play a more important role in earth sciences in the future. As part of the space-based infrastructure, the Fengyun (FY) meteorological satellites have contributed to earth science sustainability studies through an open data policy and stable data quality since the first launch of the FY-1A satellite in 1988. The capability of earth system monitoring was greatly enhanced after the second-generation polar orbiting FY-3 satellites and geostationary orbiting FY-4 satellites were developed. Meanwhile, the quality of the products generated from the FY-3 and FY-4 satellites is comparable to the well-known MODIS products. FY satellite data has been utilized broadly in weather forecasting, climate and climate change investigations, environmental disaster monitoring, etc. This article reviews the instruments mounted on the FY satellites. Sensor-dependent level 1 products (radiance data) and inversion algorithm-dependent level 2 products (geophysical parameters) are introduced. As an example, some typical geophysical parameters, such as wildfires, lightning, vegetation indices, aerosol products, soil moisture, and precipitation estimation have been demonstrated and validated by in-situ observations and other well-known satellite products. To help users access the FY products, a set of data sharing systems has been developed and operated. The newly developed data sharing system based on cloud technology has been illustrated to improve the efficiency of data delivery.

Food security in the 21st century and in the role of biotechnology

foresight ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 399-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Per Pinstrup‐Andersen ◽  
Marc J. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Adequate Diet ◽  
The World ◽  
Productivity Gains ◽  
Global Population ◽  
Global Food

Although global food production has consistently kept pace with population growth, the gap between food production and demand in certain parts of the world is likely to remain. More than 800 million people in developing countries lack access to a minimally adequate diet. Continued productivity gains are essential on the supply side, because global population will increase by 73 million people a year over the next two decades. In this article we assess the current global food situation, look at the prospects through to the year 2020, and outline the policies needed to achieve food security for all. Emphasis is on the role that agricultural biotechnology might play in reaching this goal.

Food Power and the Global Supermarket

2018 ◽  
pp. 178-209
Author(s):  
Shane Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Linseed Oil ◽  
Food Chains ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
Retail Chain ◽  
The World ◽  
Private Corporations ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Global Food

This chapter discusses how U.S. transnational agribusiness corporations demonstrated U.S. farm and food power to the world from the 1960s into the 1980s. In earlier decades of the Farms Race, U.S. farmers were called upon to feed the hungry world as a counter-revolutionary project with a humanitarian veneer. By the late 1970s, politicians and businessmen were increasingly declaring their intent to rewrite the rules of global food production and trade on entirely profit-driven terms. Building on Cold War-inspired modernization and development projects initiated in the 1940s–1960s, U.S.-based transnational agribusinesses in the 1970s–1990s—including the International Basic Economy Corporation (IBEC), the former linseed-oil manufacturer turned global commodities giant Archer Daniels Midland, and the Ozarks-based retail chain Walmart—constructed a world in which private corporations, including supermarkets, emerged as the primary institutional mechanisms for regulating and coordinating global food chains.

scholarly journals Buzz City: Bee-Builder's Toolkit

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Sisourath
Keyword(s):  
Food Production ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Urban Site ◽  
Bee Pollination ◽  
Urban Green Spaces ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Global Food ◽  
Global Food Supply

Bee populations are directly linked to the sustainability of our environment, as healthy bees are required for viable food production. Habitat loss and fragmentation from rapid urban development are some of the major factors that have led to an alarming decline in recent bee populations. Without bee pollination, our global food supply would diminish immensely leading to shortages and crises that threaten our food security. This thesis will explore architectural strategies to create dedicated bee habitats within the urban realm. The designs will encompass the crafting of a bee builder’s toolkit, which consist of bee-friendly components that can be adapted to various urban site conditions. It will look at opportunities for integrating bee-friendly habitats within the public sphere. These will create networks of pollination corridors that connect existing fragmented urban green spaces. This strategy aims to strengthen pollination and pollinator health while stimulating public engagement and awareness of the environment.

Crop losses due to diseases and their implications for global food production losses and food security

Food Security ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 519-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serge Savary ◽  
Andrea Ficke ◽  
Jean-Noël Aubertot ◽  
Clayton Hollier
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Crop Losses ◽  
Global Food ◽  
Production Losses

Decadal Prediction of Marine Heatwaves in MPI-ESM

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Hövel ◽  
Sebastian Brune ◽  
Johanna Baehr
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
System Model ◽  
Climate Projections ◽  
Earth System ◽  
Max Planck ◽  
Circulation Patterns ◽  
Decadal Predictability

<p>Marine Heatwaves (MHWs) are Sea Surface Temperature (SST) extremes that can have devastating impacts on marine ecosystems but can also impact circulation patterns in the ocean and the atmosphere. The variability of MHWs has been studied in historical observations and longterm climate projections, but predictability has only been analyzed on seasonal timescales. Here, we we present the first attempt to study the decadal predictability of MHW days per year in an ensemble of decadal hindcasts based on the Max Planck Institute Earth System Model (MPI-ESM-LR).</p><p>Our results show that there are strong regional differences in prediction skill. While many regions show little to no skill, we find in the Subpolar North Atlantic correlation coefficients up to 0.7 for MHW days up to lead year 8. We demonstrate that these correlations mainly arise from correctly predicting the absence of MHWs in individual years. MHW days per year might be successfully predicted by only using yearly mean SST as a proxy, which also demonstrates that in the Subpolar North Atlantic, any increase in SST is accompanied by more MHWs and vice versa.</p>

A food crime perspective

2018 ◽  
pp. 11-26
Author(s):  
Allison Gray
Keyword(s):  
Food Production ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Critical Criminology ◽  
Green Criminology ◽  
Criminal Behaviour ◽  
Social Harm ◽  
Global Food

A food crime perspective involves an evaluation of the (lack of) criminal, legal, and regulatory organisation, and the insufficient, ineffective, or lack of enforcement, which surrounds the criminal behaviour and social harms produced within systems of food production, processing, marketing, distribution, selling, consumption, and disposal, victimising (often simultaneously) humans, animals, and the environment. Married to a social harm approach, and grounded in the views of critical criminology, green criminology, and radical victimology, a food crime perspective problematises the practices and contexts of food systems as immoral, harmful, and criminal. This chapter introduces this concept of a food crime perspective in three parts. First, it recognises the study of food must be contextualised in contemporary global food systems. Second, it situates a food crime perspective among other (sub)theories of criminology. Finally, it concludes with an argument why it is important to think criminologically about food.

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