scholarly journals Research on Hydrogeochemical Characteristics and Transformation Relationships between Surface Water and Groundwater in the Weihe River

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jihong Qu ◽  
Shibao Lu ◽  
Zhipeng Gao ◽  
Wujin Li ◽  
Zhiping Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
Hydrograph Separation ◽  
Surface Water And Groundwater ◽  
Piper Trilinear Diagram ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Weihe River ◽  
Groundwater Systems ◽  
Δd And Δ18o

Abstract. The transforming relationship between surface water and groundwater as well as their origins are the basis for studying the transport of pollutants in river-groundwater systems. A typical section of the river was chosen to sample the surface water and shallow groundwater. Then, a Piper trilinear diagram, Gibbs diagram, ratios of major ions, factor analysis, cluster analysis and other methods were used to investigate the hydrogeochemical evolution of surface water and groundwater and determine the formation of hydrogeochemical components in different water bodies. Based on the distribution characteristics of hydrogen and oxygen stable isotopes δD and δ18O and discharge hydrograph separation methods, the relationship between surface water and groundwater in the Weihe River was analyzed. The results indicated that the river water is a SO4·Cl—Na type and that the groundwater hydrogeochemical types are not the same. The dominant anions are HCO3− in the upstream reaches and are SO42− and Cl− in downstream reaches. Hydrogeochemical processes include evaporation and concentration, weathering of rocks, ion exchange, and dissolution infiltration reactions. The δD and δ18O of surface water change little along the river and are more enriched than are those of the groundwater. With the influences of precipitation, irrigation, river recharge and evaporation, the δD and δ18O of shallow groundwater at different sections are not the same. There is a close relationship between the surface water and groundwater. Surface water supplies the groundwater, which provides the hydrodynamic conditions for the entry of pollutants into the aquifer.

scholarly journals Impacts of the Sanmenxia Dam on the Interaction between Surface Water and Groundwater in the Lower Weihe River of Yellow River Watershed

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Zhang ◽  
Dongmei Han ◽  
Xianfang Song
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
River Watershed ◽  
Surface Water And Groundwater ◽  
Dam Operation ◽  
Weihe River ◽  
The Impact

Sanmenxia Dam, one of the most controversial water conservancy projects in China, has seriously impacted the lower Weihe River of the Yellow River Watershed since its operation. At the Huaxian Station, the dam operation controls the surface water level and leads to the variation of the surface water–groundwater interaction relationship. The river channel switched from a losing reach during the early stage (1959) to a gaining reach in 2010 eventually. The comparison of tracer (Cl−, δ18O and δ2H) characteristics of surface water in successive reaches with that of ambient groundwater shows that the general interaction condition is obviously affected by the dam operation and the impact area can be tracked back to Weinan City, around 65 km upstream of the estuary of the Weihe River. The anthropogenic inputs (i.e., agricultural fertilizer application, wastewater discharge, and rural industrial sewage) could be responsible for the deterioration of hydro-environment during the investigation periods of 2015 and 2016, as the population and fertilizer consumption escalated in the last 60 years. The use of contaminated river water for irrigation, along with the dissolved fertilizer inputs, can affect the groundwater quality, in particular resulting in the NO3− concentrations ranging from 139.4 to 374.1 mg/L. The unregulated industrial inputs in some rural areas may increase the Cl− contents in groundwater ranging from 298.4 to 472.9 mg/L. The findings are helpful for the improved comprehensive understanding of impacts of the Sanmenxia Dam on the interaction between surface water and groundwater, and for improving local water resources management.

Characterising the role of heterogeneity on surface water-groundwater interaction in the Permo-Triassic Sandstone aquifers of the Eden Valley, NW England

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Colyer ◽  
Adrian Butler ◽  
Denis Peach ◽  
Andrew Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Seismic Survey ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Surface Water And Groundwater ◽  
Flow Processes ◽  
Groundwater Systems ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Triassic Sandstone

<p>The Permo-Triassic Sandstone aquifers of the Eden Valley, Cumbria UK, are a key water resource for public water supply in NW England as well as local agriculture and industries. Permo-Triassic Sandstone aquifers are characterised as having large storage capacities and moderate transmissivities, however, in the Eden Valley these characteristics vary greatly on a range of scales i.e. granulation seams (deformation bands) that are millimetres thick but have been shown to extend for hundreds of metres on analogous sandstones; silicified layers that are several metres thick and extending 10s to 100s of metres laterally; and lithological variation and faulting have been shown to juxtapose hydrogeological units with different hydraulic properties. Complex heterogeneous superficial deposits overlay 75% of the Permo-Triassic Sandstone aquifers and comprise glacial till, glacio-fluvial outwash deposits, river terrace deposits and alluvium. The lateral and vertical continuity of these superficial deposits is highly uncertain.</p><p> </p><p>The complex geological and superficial deposits in the Eden Valley impose a control on flow processes and impact sub-surface runoff. Specifically, lenses of high conductivity sands and gravels within low conductivity clay till deposits coupled with the presence of low conductivity strata at ground level suggests that indirect recharge is an important sub-surface runoff component. Therefore, the magnitude and location of recharge to the Permo-Triassic Sandstone aquifers is highly uncertain. Published recharge estimates rely on baseflow separation techniques and thus do not distinguish between indirect and direct recharge. This highlights the uncertainty regarding the sub-surface flow processes active in the Eden Valley.</p><p> </p><p>A methodology for characterizing the surface water – groundwater interaction spatially and temporally in an ungauged upland sub-catchment is presented.</p><p> </p><p>A non-invasive approach has been implemented to investigate the relationship between the surface water and groundwater systems in the Eden Valley. This involved the design and installation of low-cost ultrasonic sensors that measure stream stage. The sensors have been installed at key locations within sub-catchments that incorporate limestone pavements, geological contacts and along fault trends in the headwaters of the Eden Valley. Flow gauging has been conducted along the reach of these streams to investigate the spatial variation in discharge. Data from the low-cost sensors and flow gauging have been used to estimate the magnitude of volumetric water exchange between the surface water and groundwater systems, as well as characterise this relationship spatially and temporally.</p><p> </p><p>The thickness and composition of the superficial deposits along these stream reaches will be investigated via passive seismic survey. The superficial investigation and the volumetric water balance will be used to estimate indirect recharge in the upper Eden catchment. The results of which will be compared to localised recharge estimates calculated from groundwater level timeseries. This comparison will indicate the importance of indirect recharge within sub-surface runoff processes.</p><p> </p><p>This ongoing research is a vital step in quantifying the relationship between the surface water and groundwater systems in a complex upland catchment. A knowledge of the active sub-surface runoff processes highlighted are key for reliably assessing the long-term security of groundwater resources in the Eden Valley.</p>

scholarly journals Assessing the resiliency of surface water and groundwater systems under groundwater pumping

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung Beom Seo ◽  
Gnanamanikam Mahinthakumar ◽  
Sankarasubramanian Arumugam ◽  
Mukesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Hydrologic Model ◽  
State Variables ◽  
Groundwater Pumping ◽  
Conjunctive Management ◽  
Surface Water And Groundwater ◽  
Groundwater Systems ◽  
Climate Forcings ◽  
Fully Coupled

Abstract. Since surface water and groundwater systems are fully coupled and integrated systems, increased groundwater withdrawal during drought may reduce groundwater discharges into the stream, thereby prolonging both systems’ recovery from drought. To analyze watershed response to basin-level groundwater pumping, we propose an uncertainty framework to understand the resiliency of groundwater and surface water systems using a fully-coupled hydrologic model under transient pumping. The proposed framework incorporates uncertainties in initial conditions to develop robust estimates of restoration times of both surface water and groundwater systems and quantifies how pumping impacts state variables such as soil moisture. Groundwater pumping impacts over a watershed were also analyzed under different pumping volumes and different potential climate scenarios. Our analyses show that groundwater restoration time is more sensitive to variability in climate forcings as opposed to changes in pumping volumes. After the cessation of pumping, streamflow recovers quickly in comparison to groundwater, which has higher persistence. Pumping impacts on various hydrologic variables were also discussed. Given that surface water and groundwater are inter-connected, optimal management of the both resources should be considered to improve the watershed resiliency under drought. Potential for developing optimal conjunctive management plans using seasonal-to-interannual climate forecasts is also discussed.

scholarly journals Impacts of environmental levels of hydrogen peroxide and oxyanions on the redox activity of MnO2 particles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daqing Ja ◽  
Qinzhi Li ◽  
Tao Luo ◽  
Olivier Monfort ◽  
Gilles Mailhot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Redox Activity ◽  
Surface Water And Groundwater ◽  
Groundwater Systems ◽  
The Impact

Despite the widespread presence of hydrogen peroxide in surface water and groundwater systems, little is known about the impact of environmental levels of H2O2 on the redox activity of minerals....

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document