scholarly journals Automated observatory in Antarctica: real-time data transfer on constrained networks in practice

Author(s):  
Stephan Bracke ◽  
Alexandre Gonsette ◽  
Jean Rasson ◽  
Antoine Poncelet ◽  
Olivier Hendrickx

Abstract. In 2013 the scientists from the geophysical centre at Dourbes started a project to install a fully automated magnetic observatory in Antarctica. This isolated place comes with specific requirements: unmanned station during six months, low temperatures with extreme values up to –50°, minimize power consumption, satellite bandwidth limited to 56 Kbit/sec. The ultimate aim is to collect real-time magnetic data every second in Belgium: vector data from a lemi-25, absolute F measurements from a gems proton magnetometer and absolute magnetic inclination and declination measurements (approximately 5 times a day) with an automated DI-flux. To achieve real-time data transfer with traditional file transfer protocols (for instance sftp, mail, rsync), you fight against their limitations in terms of real-time. After evaluation of pro and cons of the on that moment available real-time internet of things (IoT) protocols and seismic software solutions known to UGCS, we chose to use message queuing telemetry transport (MQTT) and receive the one second data with a negligible latency cost and no loss of data. Each individual instrument sends his data towards Belgium immediately after capturing it and arrives at approximately 300 milliseconds after sending which corresponds with the normal satellite latency.

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Bracke ◽  
Alexandre Gonsette ◽  
Jean Rasson ◽  
Antoine Poncelet ◽  
Olivier Hendrickx

Abstract. In 2013 a project was started by the geophysical centre in Dourbes to install a fully automated magnetic observatory in Antarctica. This isolated place comes with specific requirements: unmanned station during 6 months, low temperatures with extreme values down to −50 °C, minimum power consumption and satellite bandwidth limited to 56 Kbit s−1. The ultimate aim is to transfer real-time magnetic data every second: vector data from a LEMI-25 vector magnetometer, absolute F measurements from a GEM Systems scalar proton magnetometer and absolute magnetic inclination–declination (DI) measurements (five times a day) with an automated DI-fluxgate magnetometer. Traditional file transfer protocols (for instance File Transfer Protocol (FTP), email, rsync) show severe limitations when it comes to real-time capability. After evaluation of pro and cons of the available real-time Internet of things (IoT) protocols and seismic software solutions, we chose to use Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) and receive the 1 s data with a negligible latency cost and no loss of data. Each individual instrument sends the magnetic data immediately after capturing, and the data arrive approximately 300 ms after being sent, which corresponds with the normal satellite latency.


Author(s):  
Manjunath Ramachandra

The data being transferred over the supply chain has to compete with the increasing applications around the web, throwing open the challenge of meeting the constraint of in-time data transfers with the available resources. It often leads to flooding of resources, resulting in the wastage of time and loss of data. Most of the applications around the customer require real time data transfer over the web to enable right decisions. To make it happen, stringent constraints are required to be imposed on the quality of the transfer. This chapter provides the mechanism for shaping of traffic flows towards sharing the existing infrastructure.


2004 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 592-597
Author(s):  
Hugh Nicholson ◽  
Per Gunnar Folstad ◽  
Terje A. Pedersen

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deniss Brodņevs ◽  
Aleksandrs Kutins

Abstract An expanding mobile cellular network data transfer service offers cheaper wireless solutions for various data transfer needs. This paper presents an experimental testing of data transfer performance in 3G and 4G modes. The purpose of testing was to check the possibility of real-time and critical data transfer over the mobile cellular networks. The testing was performed in Riga in July and August 2016 using the most popular mobile service operators in Latvia: Tele2-LV, BITE-LV and LMT. The testing confirmed that the overload of Riga’s 4G networks causes serious service deterioration or even interruption. Riga’s 3G networks are more stable. However, 3G network service quality depends on a cell load. Lightly loaded 3G network meets real-time data transfer requirements of 100 ms one-way delay of the small packet traffic.


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