scholarly journals The Alberta Smoke Plume Observation Study

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerry Anderson ◽  
Al Pankratz ◽  
Curtis Mooney ◽  
Kelly Fleetham
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Wildland Fire ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Observation Time ◽  
Observation Study ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Smoke Plume ◽  
Fire Information

Abstract. A field project was conducted to observe and measure smoke plumes from wildland fires in Alberta. This study used hand-held inclinometer measurements and photos taken at lookout towers in the province. Observations of 222 plumes were collected from 21 lookout towers over a 6-year period from 2010 to 2015. Observers reported the equilibrium and maximum plume heights based on the plume's final levelling height and the maximum lofting height, respectively. Observations were tabulated at the end of each year and matched to reported fires. Fire sizes at assessment times and forest fuel types were reported by the province. Fire weather conditions were obtained from the Canadian Wildland Fire Information System (CWFIS). Assessed fire sizes were adjusted to the appropriate size at plume observation time using elliptical fire-growth projections. Though a logical method to collect plume observations in principle, many unanticipated issues were uncovered as the project developed. Instrument limitations and environmental conditions presented challenges to the investigators whereas human error and the subjectivity of observations affected data quality. Despite these problems, the data set showed that responses to fire behaviour conditions were consistent with the physical processes leading to plume rise. The Alberta Smoke Plume Observation Study data can be found on the BlueSky Canada data page (http://firesmoke.ca/data/) and the Canadian Wildland Fire Information System datamart (http://cwfis.cfs.nrcan.gc.ca/datamart).

scholarly journals The Alberta smoke plume observation study

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 325-337
Author(s):  
Kerry Anderson ◽  
Al Pankratz ◽  
Curtis Mooney ◽  
Kelly Fleetham
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Wildland Fire ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Observation Time ◽  
Observation Study ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Smoke Plume ◽  
Fire Information

Abstract. A field project was conducted to observe and measure smoke plumes from wildland fires in Alberta. This study used handheld inclinometer measurements and photos taken at lookout towers in the province. Observations of 222 plumes were collected from 21 lookout towers over a 6-year period from 2010 to 2015. Observers reported the equilibrium and maximum plume heights based on the plumes' final levelling heights and the maximum lofting heights, respectively. Observations were tabulated at the end of each year and matched to reported fires. Fire sizes at assessment times and forest fuel types were reported by the province. Fire weather conditions were obtained from the Canadian Wildland Fire Information System (CWFIS). Assessed fire sizes were adjusted to the appropriate size at plume observation time using elliptical fire-growth projections. Though a logical method to collect plume observations in principle, many unanticipated issues were uncovered as the project developed. Instrument limitations and environmental conditions presented challenges to the investigators, whereas human error and the subjectivity of observations affected data quality. Despite these problems, the data set showed that responses to fire behaviour conditions were consistent with the physical processes leading to plume rise. The Alberta smoke plume observation study data can be found on the Canadian Wildland Fire Information System datamart (Natural Resources Canada, 2018) at http://cwfis.cfs.nrcan.gc.ca/datamart.

Assessment of the Threat From Wildfires on Above Ground Natural Gas Facilities

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clive G. Robinson ◽  
Zoë E. Wattis ◽  
Colin Dooley ◽  
Sladjana Popovic
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Thermal Radiation ◽  
Vegetation Type ◽  
Wildland Fire ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Pipeline System ◽  
Recent Experience ◽  
Tree Line ◽  
Fire Information

In the light of recent experience of wildfires in Alberta and British Columbia, Alliance Pipeline has strengthened their emergency preparedness in dealing with external fire events that have the potential to affect above-ground facilities connected with their high pressure natural gas pipeline system. As part of this initiative a quantitative methodology has been developed that enables the effects of a wildfire on an above-ground pipeline facility to be assessed. The methodology consists of three linked calculations which assess: 1. the severity of the wildfire, based on information from the Canadian Wildland Fire Information System, 2. the transmission of thermal radiation from the wildfire to the facility, and, 3. the response of equipment, structures and buildings to the incident thermal radiation. The predictions of the methodology agree well with the actual damage observed at a lateral block valve site following a wildfire in 2016. Application to example facility types (block valve sites, meter stations and compressor stations) has demonstrated that, in general, damage is only predicted for more vulnerable items such as cables. The sensitivity of the predictions of the methodology to the input parameters and key modelling uncertainties has been examined. This demonstrates that the results are sensitive to the distance of the facility from the tree line and the assumed vegetation type. This shows the importance of verifying the location relative to the vegetation and selecting the appropriate vegetation type from the Canadian Wildland Fire Information System for site specific assessments. The predictions of the methodology are particularly sensitive to the assumed flame temperature. However, a value has been chosen that gives good agreement with measured thermal radiation values from wildfires. Of the mitigation options considered, the most effective and practical is to increase the distance to the tree line. This measure has the advantage of reducing radiation levels for all items on the site. Even though the work shows that failure of exposed pipework due to wildfires is unlikely, maintaining the flow within pipes is recommended as this increases the radiative flux at which failure is predicted to occur. However, as failure of cables and hence control systems would occur at a lower flux levels the fail-safe actions of such systems needs to be confirmed. Shielding of cables or items of equipment in general is likely to be impractical but could be considered for particularly vulnerable equipment or locations.

Childhood Intelligence Predicts Adult Trait Openness

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Furnham ◽  
Helen Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Social Background ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Data Set ◽  
National Child Development Study ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The Uk

Abstract. This study used a longitudinal data set of 5,672 adults followed for 50 years to determine the factors that influence adult trait Openness-to-Experience. In a large, nationally representative sample in the UK (the National Child Development Study), data were collected at birth, in childhood (age 11), adolescence (age 16), and adulthood (ages 33, 42, and 50) to examine the effects of family social background, childhood intelligence, school motivation during adolescence, education, and occupation on the personality trait Openness assessed at age 50 years. Structural equation modeling showed that parental social status, childhood intelligence, school motivation, education, and occupation all had modest, but direct, effects on trait Openness, among which childhood intelligence was the strongest predictor. Gender was not significantly associated with trait Openness. Limitations and implications of the study are discussed.

Parent and Grandparent Relationships in Emerging Adulthood

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael W. Pratt ◽  
M. Kyle Matsuba
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Adulthood ◽  
Attachment Theory ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Family Development ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Theory Framework

Chapter 7 begins with an overview of Erikson’s ideas about intimacy and its place in the life cycle, followed by a summary of Bowlby and Ainsworth’s attachment theory framework and its relation to family development. The authors review existing longitudinal research on the development of family relationships in adolescence and emerging adulthood, focusing on evidence with regard to links to McAdams and Pals’ personality model. They discuss the evidence, both questionnaire and narrative, from the Futures Study data set on family relationships, including emerging adults’ relations with parents and, separately, with grandparents, as well as their anticipations of their own parenthood. As a way of illustrating the key personality concepts from this family chapter, the authors end with a case study of Jane Fonda in youth and her father, Henry Fonda, to illustrate these issues through the lives of a 20th-century Hollywood dynasty of actors.

scholarly journals Characterisation of MS phenotypes across the age span using a novel data set integrating 34 clinical trials (NO.MS cohort): Age is a key contributor to presentation

2021 ◽  
pp. 135245852098863
Author(s):  
Frank Dahlke ◽  
Douglas L Arnold ◽  
Piet Aarden ◽  
Habib Ganjgahi ◽  
Dieter A Häring ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Activity ◽  
Brain Volume ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Clinical Trial Data ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Brain Images ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Brain Volume Loss ◽  
Phase Iii Study

Background: The Oxford Big Data Institute, multiple sclerosis (MS) physicians and Novartis aim to address unresolved questions in MS with a novel comprehensive clinical trial data set. Objective: The objective of this study is to describe the Novartis–Oxford MS (NO.MS) data set and to explore the relationships between age, disease activity and disease worsening across MS phenotypes. Methods: We report key characteristics of NO.MS. We modelled MS lesion formation, relapse frequency, brain volume change and disability worsening cross-sectionally, as a function of patients’ baseline age, using phase III study data (≈8000 patients). Results: NO.MS contains data of ≈35,000 patients (>200,000 brain images from ≈10,000 patients), with >10 years follow-up. (1) Focal disease activity is highest in paediatric patients and decreases with age, (2) brain volume loss is similar across age and phenotypes and (3) the youngest patients have the lowest likelihood (<25%) of disability worsening over 2 years while risk is higher (25%–75%) in older, disabled or progressive MS patients. Young patients benefit most from treatment. Conclusion: NO.MS will illuminate questions related to MS characterisation, progression and prognosis. Age modulates relapse frequency and, thus, the phenotypic presentation of MS. Disease worsening across all phenotypes is mediated by age and appears to some extent be independent from new focal inflammatory activity.

Association of Demographic and Disability Characteristics With Total PROMISE Expenditure: Wisconsin PROMISE Findings—Brief Report

2021 ◽  
pp. 003435522098079
Author(s):  
Emre Umucu ◽  
Beatrice Lee ◽  
Veronica Estala-Gutierrez ◽  
Timothy Tansey
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Health Care Expenditure ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Youth With Disabilities ◽  
Total Health Care Expenditure

The purpose of this exploratory study was to examine whether demographic and disability variables predict total health care expenditure of Wisconsin PROMISE. The findings are intended to assist in promoting cost-effectiveness for future similar initiates. This study data were extracted from Wisconsin PROMISE data set. This study had a total of 1,443 youth with disabilities ( Mage = 14.89). The majority of participants were male (69%). Our results indicated that some demographic and disability–related characteristics are associated with total health care expenditure in control with VR case during PROMISE, control without VR case during PROMISE, and treatment group. Overall, findings of the current study suggest demographic and disability variables do assist in predicting total health care expenditure of Wisconsin PROMISE.

scholarly journals A Physical Activity Reference Data-Set Recorded from Older Adults Using Body-Worn Inertial Sensors and Video Technology—The ADAPT Study Data-Set

Sensors ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Bourke ◽  
Espen Ihlen ◽  
Ronny Bergquist ◽  
Per Wik ◽  
Beatrix Vereijken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Reference Data ◽  
Inertial Sensors ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Video Technology ◽  
Data Set

A Constrained Delaunay Triangulation Algorithm Based on Incremental Points

2011 ◽  
Vol 90-93 ◽  
pp. 3277-3282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bai Chao Wu ◽  
Ai Ping Tang ◽  
Lian Fa Wang
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Data Structures ◽  
Delaunay Triangulation ◽  
Spanning Tree ◽  
Minimum Spanning Tree ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Constrained Delaunay Triangulation

The foundation ofdelaunay triangulationandconstrained delaunay triangulationis the basis of three dimensional geographical information system which is one of hot issues of the contemporary era; moreover it is widely applied in finite element methods, terrain modeling and object reconstruction, euclidean minimum spanning tree and other applications. An algorithm for generatingconstrained delaunay triangulationin two dimensional planes is presented. The algorithm permits constrained edges and polygons (possibly with holes) to be specified in the triangulations, and describes some data structures related to constrained edges and polygons. In order to maintain the delaunay criterion largely，some new incremental points are added onto the constrained ones. After the data set is preprocessed, the foundation ofconstrained delaunay triangulationis showed as follows: firstly, the constrained edges and polygons generate initial triangulations，then the remained points completes the triangulation . Some pseudo-codes involved in the algorithm are provided. Finally, some conclusions and further studies are given.

scholarly journals Building prediction models for coronary heart disease by synthesizing multiple longitudinal research findings

2005 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 459-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guizhou Hu ◽  
Martin M. Root
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Prediction Model ◽  
Empirical Model ◽  
Complex Disease ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Data Set

Background No methodology is currently available to allow the combining of individual risk factor information derived from different longitudinal studies for a chronic disease in a multivariate fashion. This paper introduces such a methodology, named Synthesis Analysis, which is essentially a multivariate meta-analytic technique. Design The construction and validation of statistical models using available data sets. Methods and results Two analyses are presented. (1) With the same data, Synthesis Analysis produced a similar prediction model to the conventional regression approach when using the same risk variables. Synthesis Analysis produced better prediction models when additional risk variables were added. (2) A four-variable empirical logistic model for death from coronary heart disease was developed with data from the Framingham Heart Study. A synthesized prediction model with five new variables added to this empirical model was developed using Synthesis Analysis and literature information. This model was then compared with the four-variable empirical model using the first National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES I) Epidemiologic Follow-up Study data set. The synthesized model had significantly improved predictive power ( x2 = 43.8, P < 0.00001). Conclusions Synthesis Analysis provides a new means of developing complex disease predictive models from the medical literature.

Do intraday week effect in currencies hourly trading reflect leverage and asymmetric anomalies? Policy implications for traders

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wajid Shakeel Ahmed ◽  
Muhammad Sohaib ◽  
Jamal Maqsood ◽  
Ateeb Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Garch Model ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Asymmetric Effect ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Rational Choices ◽  
Trading Pattern

Purpose The purpose of this study is to determine if intraday week (IDW) effect of the currencies reflect leverage and asymmetric impact in currencies market. The study data set comprises of intraday patterns of 15 currencies from developed and emerging economies. Design methodology approach The study applies the exponential generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (E-GARCH) model technique to observe the IDW leverage and asymmetric effect after introducing hourly dummies variables, namely, IDWmon, IDWwed, IDWfrid and IDWfrid-mon. Findings The study results favor the propositions and confirm that IDW effect do exist in the international forex markets in relation to hourly trading pattern for respective currencies. Mostly, currencies do depreciate on Monday and Wednesday compared to the rest of the days. However, on the last trading day, i.e. Friday currencies observe an appreciation pattern which is for both economies. The results have an evidence of leverage and asymmetric effect confirmed by the E-GARCH model as a result of press releases and influence by micro-factors in the currency markets. Practical implications The study believes to have theoretical connection related to the better understanding of currencies trend for developed and emerging economies, as the IDW effect exists. Moreover, confirmation of both the leverage and asymmetric effect in observed currencies would be able to assist the investors in making rational choices during the trading hours and would confirm considerable profits through profit incentivized strategies. Originality value The study not only add knowledge to the previous study work in relation to the hourly trading pattern of currencies with reference to the IDW effects but also highlights the leverage and asymmetric effect in currencies that will help in formulating future trading strategies particular to emerging economies.

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