scholarly journals A climatological interpretation of precipitation-based <i>δ</i><sup>18</sup>O across Siberia and Central Asia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Wang ◽  
Ting-Yong LI ◽  
Jian Zhang ◽  
Yao Wu ◽  
Chao-Jun Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Global Network ◽  
High Latitudes ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Eurasian Continent ◽  
Stable Isotopic ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

Abstract. Siberia and Central Asia are located at mid- to high latitudes and encompass a large landlocked area of the Eurasian continent containing vast tracts of permafrost (seasonal permafrost and permafrost), which is extremely sensitive to global climate change. However, previous research has scarcely investigated the changes in the paleoclimate in this region. Similarly, the temporal and spatial distributions of the stable isotopic composition (δ18OP) of precipitation and its corresponding influencing factors remain largely unknown. Therefore, we used data from 15 Global Network of Isotopes in Precipitation (GNIP) stations to investigate the relationships between δ18OP and the local temperature and precipitation considering changes in atmospheric circulation. Analyses conducted on the monthly, seasonal and annual timescales led to three main conclusions. (1) At the monthly timescale, the variations in δ18OP exhibited a significant positive correlation with the monthly mean temperature (p 

scholarly journals Response of altitudinal vegetation belts of the Tianshan Mountains in northwestern China to climate change during 1989–2015

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Zhang ◽  
Lu-yu Liu ◽  
Yi Liu ◽  
Man Zhang ◽  
Cheng-bang An
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Tianshan Mountains ◽  
Northwestern China ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Altitudinal Belts ◽  
The Impact

AbstractWithin the mountain altitudinal vegetation belts, the shift of forest tree lines and subalpine steppe belts to high altitudes constitutes an obvious response to global climate change. However, whether or not similar changes occur in steppe belts (low altitude) and nival belts in different areas within mountain systems remain undetermined. It is also unknown if these, responses to climate change are consistent. Here, using Landsat remote sensing images from 1989 to 2015, we obtained the spatial distribution of altitudinal vegetation belts in different periods of the Tianshan Mountains in Northwestern China. We suggest that the responses from different altitudinal vegetation belts to global climate change are different. The changes in the vegetation belts at low altitudes are spatially different. In high-altitude regions (higher than the forest belts), however, the trend of different altitudinal belts is consistent. Specifically, we focused on analyses of the impact of changes in temperature and precipitation on the nival belts, desert steppe belts, and montane steppe belts. The results demonstrated that the temperature in the study area exhibited an increasing trend, and is the main factor of altitudinal vegetation belts change in the Tianshan Mountains. In the context of a significant increase in temperature, the upper limit of the montane steppe in the eastern and central parts will shift to lower altitudes, which may limit the development of local animal husbandry. The montane steppe in the west, however, exhibits the opposite trend, which may augment the carrying capacity of pastures and promote the development of local animal husbandry. The lower limit of the nival belt will further increase in all studied areas, which may lead to an increase in surface runoff in the central and western regions.

The Temporal and Spatial Scales of Global Climate Change and the Limits of Individualistic and Rationalistic Ethics

2011 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 101-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Baird Callicott
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Environmental Ethics ◽  
Moral Philosophy ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Environmental Ethic ◽  
Original Position ◽  
Temporal Scales ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

Here I argue that the hyper-individualistic and rationalistic ethical paradigms – originating in the late eighteenth century and dominating moral philosophy, in various permutations, ever since – cannot capture the moral concerns evoked by the prospect of global climate change. Those paradigms are undone by the temporal and spatial scales of climate change. To press my argument, I deploy two famous philosophical tropes – John Rawls's notion of the original position and Derek Parfit's paradox – and another that promises to become famous: Dale Jamieson's six little ditties about Jack and Jill. I then go on to argue that the spatial and especially the temporal scales of global climate change demand a shift in moral philosophy from a hyper-individualistic ontology to a thoroughly holistic ontology. It also demands a shift from a reason-based to a sentiment-based moral psychology. Holism in environmental ethics is usually coupled with non-anthropocentrism in theories constructed to provide moral considerability for transorganismic entities – such as species, biotic communities, and ecosystems. The spatial and temporal scales of climate, however, render non-anthropocentric environmental ethics otiose, as I more fully explain. Thus the environmental ethic here proposed to meet the moral challenge of global climate change is holistic but anthropocentric. I start with Jamieson's six little ditties about Jack and Jill.

scholarly journals A Climatological Interpretation of Precipitation δ18O across Siberia and Central Asia

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Wang ◽  
Ting-Yong Li ◽  
Jian Zhang ◽  
Yao Wu ◽  
Chao-Jun Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Temperature Effect ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Ice Core ◽  
Precipitation Amount ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Global Network ◽  
Vapor Source ◽  
Precipitation Δ18o

Siberia and Central Asia are located at middle to high latitudes, encompassing a large landlocked area of the Eurasian continent and vast tracts of permafrost, which are sensitive to global climate change. Here, we investigated the data from 15 Global Network of Isotopes in Precipitation (GNIP) stations to clarify the relationship between precipitation δ18O (δ18OP) and the local temperature and precipitation amount on the monthly, seasonal, and annual timescales. Three main conclusions as following: (1) On the monthly time scale, the variation in δ18OP is mainly controlled by the “temperature effect”. (2) The weighted average value of precipitation δ18O (δ18Ow) exhibited “temperature effect” over 60° N–70° N. However, δ18Ow was dominated by multiple factors from 40° N to 60° N (e.g., the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and water vapor source changes). (3) The variations of δ18OW can be attributed to the changes in pathway of the westerly dominated by the NAO at annual timescale. Therefore, it is possible to reconstruct the histories of past atmospheric circulations and water vapor sources in this region via δ18O in geologic archives, e.g., speleothem and ice core records.

scholarly journals Greenland glaciers and the 'greenhouse effect', status 1991

1992 ◽  
Vol 155 ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
R.J Braithwaite ◽  
N Reeh ◽  
A Weidick
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Greenhouse Effect ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Ice Sheet ◽  
Greenland Ice Sheet ◽  
Potential Hazard ◽  
High Latitudes ◽  
Public Concern

Possible global climate change caused by increased 'greenhouse effect' continues to be a matter of international public concern. In particular, a warmer climate is expected to cause increased melting of the Greenland ice sheet, and a rise in world sea level. The Greenland ice sheet is therefore a potential hazard for low-Iying countries. Climate warming may be apparent first, and with greatest magnitude, at high latitudes so that increased melting of the Greenland ice sheet could give early warning of global climate change. For these reasons, GGU and foreign organisations are studying Greenland glaciers in connection with the 'greenhouse effect' (Fig. 1). The present review updates the note by Braithwaite (1990).

scholarly journals Changes That May Occur in Temperature, Rain, and Climate Types Due to Global Climate Change: The Example of Düzce

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1545-1554
Author(s):  
İsmail Koç
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Precipitation Regime ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Living Things ◽  
Current Century ◽  
Basic Parameters ◽  
Rcp 8.5

Global climate change is defined as a process that affects all living things and ecosystems globally and is claimed as the most critical problem of the current century. Turkey, which is shown as one of the most affected countries by this process, is among the “countries at risk.” It is stated that the temperature will increase throughout the country until 2100, and this increase may reach 6 ºC. In order to determine the possible effects of global climate change, it is necessary to predict how the climate structure and basic parameters may change. From this point of view, this study is aimed to determine the change of temperature and precipitation, climate types (according to De Martonne, Lang, and Emberger climate classification) which are the most critical climate parameters until 2050 and 2070 in Düzce, one of the important cities of our country. The current situation and possible changes in 2050 and 2070 have been compared using RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 scenarios. As a result of the study, the temperature, precipitation, and related climate types would change significantly throughout the province of Düzce, and this change will show itself as a significant temperature increase and change in precipitation regime. In addition, a shift in climate types towards continental climate types is predicted until 2070. In order to avoid the destructive effects of global climate change, it is recommended to take measures on a sectoral basis.

Impact of global climate change on temperature and precipitation in Greece

1995 ◽  
Vol 71 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 119-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Istvan Matyasovszky ◽  
Istvan Bogardi ◽  
Jacques Ganoulis
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation

scholarly journals Effect of global climate change on air temperature and precipitation in six cities in Gifu Prefecture, Japan

2019 ◽  
Vol 1155 ◽  
pp. 012070 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Rahmat ◽  
Muhammad Khoiru Zaki ◽  
Irwan Effendi ◽  
Abdul Mutolib ◽  
Helvi Yanfika ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Gifu Prefecture

scholarly journals Current regional climate change studies in Hungary : a review

1999 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 138-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Matyasovszky ◽  
T. Weidinger ◽  
J. Bartholy ◽  
Z. Barcza
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Regional Climate Change ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Local Effects ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Empirical Downscaling

Abstract. After focusing on the changes in Hungarian temperature and preeipitation during this Century, possible hydrological, agricultural and ecological consequences of a future climate change are described. These results have been obtained using a modified version of empirical downscaling techniques, developed to analyse the local effects of global climate change in a twofold concentration of atmospheric greenhouse gases scenario. In addition, regional changes in temperature and precipitation were examined with the help of the more specific stochastic downscaling method. The climate of Hungary has become warmer and drier over the last Century. It is to be expected that an increasing concentration of atmospheric greenhouse gases will enhance the tendency towards aridification.

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