scholarly journals Carbon amendment stimulates benthic nitrogen cycling during the bioremediation of particulate aquaculture waste

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgina Robinson ◽  
Thomas MacTavish ◽  
Candida Savage ◽  
Gary S. Caldwell ◽  
Clifford L. W. Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Cycling ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Carbon Addition ◽  
Carbon Amendment ◽  
Aquaculture Industry ◽  
Biomass Yields ◽  
Sustainability Challenges ◽  
Term Performance ◽  
First Time ◽  
Aquaculture Waste

Abstract. The treatment of organic wastes remains one of the key sustainability challenges facing the growing global aquaculture industry. Bioremediation systems based on coupled bioturbation―microbial processing offer a promising route for waste management. We present, for the first time, a combined biogeochemical-molecular analysis of the short-term performance of one such system that is designed to process nitrogen-rich particulate aquaculture wastes. Using sea cucumbers (Holothuria scabra) as a model bioturbator we provide evidence that adjusting the waste C : N from 5 : 1 to 20 : 1 promoted a shift in nitrogen cycling pathways towards the dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA), resulting in net NH4+ efflux into the sediment and retention of nitrogen within the system. The carbon amended treatment exhibited an overall net N2 uptake whereas the control receiving only aquaculture waste exhibited net N2 production, indicating that carbon supplementation enhanced nitrogen fixation. The higher NH4+ efflux and N2 uptake was further supported by metagenome predictions that indicate that organic carbon addition stimulated DNRA over denitrification. These findings indicate that carbon addition can provide a means to successfully bioremediate nitrogen-rich effluents. Longer-term trials are necessary to determine whether this nitrogen retention is translated into improved sea cucumber biomass yields.

scholarly journals Carbon amendment stimulates benthic nitrogen cycling during the bioremediation of particulate aquaculture waste

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1863-1878 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgina Robinson ◽  
Thomas MacTavish ◽  
Candida Savage ◽  
Gary S. Caldwell ◽  
Clifford L. W. Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Cycling ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Carbon Addition ◽  
Biomass Yields ◽  
Sustainability Challenges ◽  
Term Performance ◽  
First Time ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Aquaculture Waste ◽  
Remediation Process

Abstract. The treatment of organic wastes remains one of the key sustainability challenges facing the growing global aquaculture industry. Bioremediation systems based on coupled bioturbation–microbial processing offer a promising route for waste management. We present, for the first time, a combined biogeochemical–molecular analysis of the short-term performance of one such system that is designed to receive nitrogen-rich particulate aquaculture wastes. Using sea cucumbers (Holothuria scabra) as a model bioturbator we provide evidence that adjusting the waste C : N from 5 : 1 to 20 : 1 promoted a shift in nitrogen cycling pathways towards the dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA), resulting in net NH4+ efflux from the sediment. The carbon amended treatment exhibited an overall net N2 uptake, whereas the control receiving only aquaculture waste exhibited net N2 production, suggesting that carbon supplementation enhanced nitrogen fixation. The higher NH4+ efflux and N2 uptake was further supported by meta-genome predictions that indicate that organic-carbon addition stimulated DNRA over denitrification. These findings indicate that carbon addition may potentially result in greater retention of nitrogen within the system; however, longer-term trials are necessary to determine whether this nitrogen retention is translated into improved sea cucumber biomass yields. Whether this truly constitutes a remediation process is open for debate as there remains the risk that any increased nitrogen retention may be temporary, with any subsequent release potentially raising the eutrophication risk. Longer and larger-scale trials are required before this approach may be validated with the complexities of the in-system nitrogen cycle being fully understood.

scholarly journals Supplementary material to "Carbon amendment stimulates benthic nitrogen cycling during the bioremediation of particulate aquaculture waste"

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgina Robinson ◽  
Thomas MacTavish ◽  
Candida Savage ◽  
Gary S. Caldwell ◽  
Clifford L. W. Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Cycling ◽  
Carbon Amendment ◽  
Supplementary Material ◽  
Aquaculture Waste

scholarly journals Fisheries bycatch data provide insights into the distribution of the mauve stinger (Pelagia noctiluca) around Ireland

2010 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 436-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Bastian ◽  
David Stokes ◽  
Jane E. Kelleher ◽  
Graeme C. Hays ◽  
John Davenport ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Northeast Atlantic ◽  
North West ◽  
Pelagia Noctiluca ◽  
Aquaculture Industry ◽  
Fisheries Bycatch ◽  
The Uk ◽  
First Time ◽  
Average Catch

Abstract Bastian, T., Stokes, D., Kelleher, J. E., Hays, G. C., Davenport, J., and Doyle, T. K. 2011. Fisheries bycatch data provide insights into the distribution of the mauve stinger (Pelagia noctiluca) around Ireland. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: . There is concern that jellyfish populations are proliferating in the Northeast Atlantic and that their socio-economic impacts will increase. Using information from the Irish Groundfish Survey, data are presented on the distribution of the mauve stinger, Pelagia noctiluca, over an area >160 000 km² around Ireland and the UK in 2009. The species accounted for 93% of the overall catch of gelatinous organisms, with an average catch biomass of 0.26 ± 2.3 kg ha−1. The study area was divided into four subregions (North, West, Southwest, and South), and the distribution and abundance of P. noctiluca displayed both inter- and intraregional variations. Individual bell diameters ranged from 1 to 13.5 cm (median 4.5 cm, s.d. 1.2 cm), and the size distribution also varied spatially. It is the first time that such detailed information has been made available for P. noctiluca in a part of the Northeast Atlantic where its impact on the salmon aquaculture industry can be considerable. Finally, the possibility of using annual datasets from this type of fisheries survey to develop time-series that, in the future, will allow investigation of relationships between long-term variations of P. noctiluca populations and climatic factors in the area is addressed.

NITROGEN CYCLING IN TROPICAL PLANTATION FORESTS: POTENTIAL CONTROLS ON NITROGEN RETENTION

2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 1604-1614 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. L. Silver ◽  
A. W. Thompson ◽  
A. Reich ◽  
J. J. Ewel ◽  
M. K. Firestone
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Cycling ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Plantation Forests ◽  
Tropical Plantation

scholarly journals Detection of Tilapia Lake Virus in Clinical Samples by Culturing and Nested Reverse Transcription-PCR

2016 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 759-767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Japhette Esther Kembou Tsofack ◽  
Rachel Zamostiano ◽  
Salsabeel Watted ◽  
Asaf Berkowitz ◽  
Ezra Rosenbluth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Transcription ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Fish Cell ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Fish Cell Lines ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Farmed Fish ◽  
Reverse Transcription Pcr ◽  
Aquaculture Industry ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACT Tilapia are an important group of farmed fish that serve as a significant protein source worldwide. In recent years, substantial mortality of wild tilapia has been observed in the Sea of Galilee and in commercial ponds in Israel and Ecuador. We have identified the etiological agent of these mass die-offs as a novel orthomyxo-like virus and named it tilapia lake virus (TiLV). Here, we provide the conditions for efficient isolation, culturing, and quantification of the virus, including the use of susceptible fish cell lines. Moreover, we describe a sensitive nested reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) assay allowing the rapid detection of TiLV in fish organs. This assay revealed, for the first time to our knowledge, the presence of TiLV in diseased Colombian tilapia, indicating a wider distribution of this emerging pathogen and stressing the risk that TiLV poses for the global tilapia industry. Overall, the described procedures should provide the tilapia aquaculture industry with important tools for the detection and containment of this pathogen.

Phosphine catalyzed δ-carbon addition and isomerization of alkynones to ketimines: the preparation of 1,3-diene substituted dihydroquinazolinones and 3-aminooxindoles

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao-Liang Sun ◽  
Yin Wei ◽  
Min Shi
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Addition ◽  
Novel Strategy ◽  
First Time

A novel strategy of the phosphine catalyzed addition of alkynones to ketimines for the synthesis of α-amino diene derivatives has been developed for the first time, thus providing diene incorporating α-amino products in moderate to excellent yields.

scholarly journals First Report of a Complete Genome Sequence of White spot syndrome virus from India

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Vinaya Kumar ◽  
M. S. Shekhar ◽  
S. K. Otta ◽  
K. Karthic ◽  
J. Ashok Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Spot Syndrome Virus ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
White Spot ◽  
Nanopore Sequencing ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sequencing Technologies ◽  
Aquaculture Industry ◽  
White Spot Syndrome ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACT White spot syndrome virus is a major pathogen of shrimp, causing economic loss to the aquaculture industry. For the first time, a complete de novo genome of an Indian isolate of this virus has been deciphered using Illumina and Nanopore sequencing technologies. The genome has 280,591 bp with 442 predicted coding genes.

scholarly journals Pricing of IPOs: further evidence from South Africa

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 281-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anupam Dutta ◽  
Probal Dutta
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Abnormal Returns ◽  
Calendar Time ◽  
Market Index ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Long Term Performance ◽  
Term Performance ◽  
First Time ◽  
Control Firm

We examine the long-term performance of 225 IPOs listed on the Johannesburg Securities Index (JSE) during the period from 1996 to 2006. The buy-and-hold abnormal return (BHAR) method and the calendar time portfolio (CTP) approach have been employed to measure the long-run performance of IPO stocks. The findings reveal that IPOs are highly underpriced when the abnormal returns are estimated by BHAR methodology. However, the use of control firm approach instead of market index for measuring abnormal performances significantly reduces the magnitude of this underpricing reported in previous studies on South African IPO stocks. Our major contribution to the literature is that we apply –for the first time- the calendar time portfolio approach to assess the aftermarket performance of IPOs listed on the JSE. In addition, we use control firm approach instead of market index to estimate the abnormal returns. These are the two significant cases which were not documented in previous research on measuring long-term performance of South African IPO stocks

Soil nitrogen cycling and nitrous oxide flux in a Rocky Mountain Douglas-fir forest: effects of fertilization, irrigation and carbon addition

1992 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela A. Matson ◽  
Stith Thoma Gower ◽  
Carol Volkmann ◽  
Christine Billow ◽  
Charles C. Grier
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Nitrogen Cycling ◽  
Soil Nitrogen ◽  
Rocky Mountain ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Carbon Addition ◽  
Nitrous Oxide Flux ◽  
Soil Nitrogen Cycling ◽  
Oxide Flux
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