scholarly journals Three years of routine Raman lidar measurements of tropospheric aerosols: Planetary boundary layer heights, extinction and backscatter coefficients

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-107
Author(s):  
J. Schneider ◽  
R. Eixmann
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Planetary Boundary Layer ◽  
Raman Lidar ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Air Mass ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Boundary Layer Height ◽  
Lidar Measurements ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Air Mass Origin

Abstract. We have performed a three-year series of routine lidar measurements on a climatological base. To obtain an unbiased data set, the measurements were taken at preselected times. The measurements were performed between 1 December 1997, and 30 November 2000, at Kühlungsborn, Germany (54°07' N, 11°46' E). Using a Rayleigh/Mie/Raman lidar system, we measured the aerosol backscatter coefficients at three wavelengths in and above the planetary boundary layer. The aerosol extinction coefficient has been determined at 532 nm, but here the majority of the measurements has been restricted to heights above the boundary layer. Only after-sunset measurements are included in this data set since the Raman measurements were restricted to darkness. For the climatological analysis, we selected the cloud-free days out of a fixed measurement schedule. The annual cycle of the boundary layer height has been found to have a phase shift of about 25 days with respect to the summer/winter solstices. The mean values of the extinction and backscatter coefficients do not show significant annual differences. The backscatter coefficients in the planetary boundary layer were found to be about 10 times higher than above. The mean aerosol optical depth above the boundary layer and below 5 km is 0.26 (±1.0)  x 10-2 in summer, and 1.5 (±0.95)  x 10-2 in winter, which almost negligible compared to values measured in the boundary layer. A cluster analysis of the backward trajectories yielded two major directions of air mass origin above the planetary boundary layer and 4 major directions inside. A marked difference between the total aerosol load dependent on the air mass origin could be found for air masses originating from the west and travelling at high wind speeds. Comparing the measured spectral dependence of the backscatter coefficients with data from the Global Aerosol Data Set, we found a general agreement, but only a few conclusions with respect to the aerosol type could be draws due to the high variability of the measured backscatter coefficients.

scholarly journals Planetary boundary layer height variability over athens, greece, based on the synergy of raman lidar and radiosonde data: Application of the kalman filter and other techniques (2011-2016)

2018 ◽  
Vol 176 ◽  
pp. 06007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitrios Alexiou ◽  
Panagiotis Kokkalis ◽  
Alexandros Papayannis ◽  
Francesc Rocadenbosch ◽  
Athina Argyrouli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Planetary Boundary Layer ◽  
Radiosonde Data ◽  
Lidar Data ◽  
Planetary Boundary Layer Height ◽  
Raman Lidar ◽  
Extended Kalman Filtering ◽  
Layer Height ◽  
Boundary Layer Height ◽  
The Mean

In this paper we studied the temporal evolution of the Planetary Boundary Layer height (PBLH) over the basin of Athens, Greece during a 5-year period (2011-2016) using data from the EOLE Raman lidar system. The lidar data (range-corrected lidar signals-RCS) were selected around 12:00 UTC and 00:00 UTC for a total of 332 cases: 165 days and 167 nights. Extended Kalman filtering techniques were used for the determination of the PBLH. Moreover, several well established techniques for the PBLH estimation based on lidar data were also tested for a total of 35 cases. Comparisons with the PBLH values derived from radiosonde data were also performed. The mean PBLH over Athens was found to be of the order of 1617±324 m at 12:00 UTC and of 892±130 m at 00:00 UTC, for the period examined. The mean PBLH growth rate was found to be about 170±64 m h-1 and 90±17 m h-1, during daytime and nighttime, respectively.

scholarly journals Three years of routine Raman lidar measurements of tropospheric aerosols: Backscattering, extinction, and residual layer height

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 313-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Schneider ◽  
R. Eixmann
Keyword(s):  
Residual Layer ◽  
Maximum Height ◽  
Raman Lidar ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Air Mass ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Lidar Measurements ◽  
Minimum Height ◽  
Air Mass Origin ◽  
Aerosol Backscatter

Abstract. We have performed a three-year series of routine lidar measurements at preselected times. The measurements were performed between 1 December 1997, and 30 November 2000, at Kühlungsborn, Germany (54°07' N, 11°46' E). Using a Rayleigh/Mie/Raman lidar system, we measured the aerosol backscatter coefficients at three wavelengths and the extinction coefficient at one wavelength. The present data analysis focuses on after-sunset Raman measurements obtained on cloud-free days. Aerosol backscatter profiles are available for altitudes above 100 m, while the majority of the extinction measurements has been restricted to heights above the residual layer. The residual layer shows an annual cycle with its maximum height in summer (2000 m) and minimum height in winter (850 m). The backscatter coefficients in the residual layer were found to be about 10 times higher than above. The mean aerosol optical depth above the residual layer and below 5 km is 0.3(±1.0) x10-2 in summer, and 1.5(±1.0) x10-2 in winter, which almost is negligible compared to values measured in during daytime in the planetary boundary layer. A cluster analysis of the backward trajectories yielded two major directions of air mass origin above the residual layer and 4 major directions inside. A marked difference between the aerosol properties dependent on the air mass origin could be found for air masses originating from the west and travelling at high wind speeds. Comparing the measured spectral dependence of the backscatter coefficients with data from the Global Aerosol Data Set, we found a general agreement, but only a few conclusions with respect to the aerosol type could be drawn due to the high variability of the measured backscatter coefficients.

scholarly journals Impact of the Planetary Boundary Layer Height on the Surface Aerosol Optical and Microphysical Properties

2020 ◽  
Vol 237 ◽  
pp. 02015
Author(s):  
Salvatore Romano ◽  
Maria Rita Perrone
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Planetary Boundary Layer ◽  
Particle Dispersion ◽  
Vertical Profiles ◽  
Particle Properties ◽  
Boundary Layer Height ◽  
Microphysical Properties ◽  
Surface Particle ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact

Lidar, nephelometer, and aethalometer measurements at the surface, co-located in time and space with Particulate Matter (PM) measurements, have been performed to investigate the impact of the daily evolution of the Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL) height on the aerosol optical and microphysical properties. Measurements were performed at a coastal site of southeastern Italy characterized by a shallow (<1000 m) PBL height. The Standard Deviation technique applied to the vertical profiles of both the lidar range corrected signal (RCS) and the linear volume depolarization ratio (δr) has been used to determine the daily evolution of the PBL height and highlight benefits and limits of using RCS and δr vertical profiles. It is shown that the PBL height, which drives the particle dispersion at the surface, significantly affects the optical and microphysical properties of the surface particles since the particle dispersion varies with their size and, consequently, the mean optical and microphysical properties of the surface particles are affected. The impact of meteorological conditions on the daily trend of the PBL height and the surface particle properties has also been highlighted.

scholarly journals Estimating the planetary boundary layer height from radiosonde and doppler lidar measurements in the city of São Paulo - Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 176 ◽  
pp. 06015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márcia T. A. Marques ◽  
Gregori de A. Moreira ◽  
Maciel Pinero ◽  
Amauri P. Oliveira ◽  
Eduardo Landulfo
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Planetary Boundary Layer ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Doppler Lidar ◽  
Planetary Boundary Layer Height ◽  
Layer Height ◽  
Boundary Layer Height ◽  
Lidar Measurements ◽  
The City

This study aims to compare the planetary boundary layer height (PBLH) values estimated by radiosonde data through the bulk Richardson number (BRN) method and by Doppler lidar measurements through the Carrier to Noise Ratio (CNR) method, which corresponds to the maximum of the variance of CNR profile. The measurement campaign was carried during the summer of 2015/2016 in the city of São Paulo. Despite the conceptual difference between these methods, the results show great agreement between them.

scholarly journals Characterization of the planetary boundary layer height and structure by Raman lidar: comparison of different approaches

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 3515-3525 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Summa ◽  
P. Di Girolamo ◽  
D. Stelitano ◽  
M. Cacciani
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Planetary Boundary Layer ◽  
Potential Temperature ◽  
Order Derivative ◽  
Raman Lidar ◽  
Layer Height ◽  
First Order ◽  
Boundary Layer Height

Abstract. The planetary boundary layer (PBL) includes the portion of the atmosphere which is directly influenced by the presence of the earth's surface. Aerosol particles trapped within the PBL can be used as tracers to study the boundary-layer vertical structure and time variability. As a result of this, elastic backscatter signals collected by lidar systems can be used to determine the height and the internal structure of the PBL. The present analysis considers three different methods to estimate the PBL height. The first method is based on the determination of the first-order derivative of the logarithm of the range-corrected elastic lidar signals. Estimates of the PBL height for specific case studies obtained through this approach are compared with simultaneous estimates from the potential temperature profiles measured by radiosondes launched simultaneously to lidar operation. Additional estimates of the boundary layer height are based on the determination of the first-order derivative of the range-corrected rotational Raman lidar signals. This latter approach results to be successfully applicable also in the afternoon–evening decaying phase of the PBL, when the effectiveness of the approach based on the elastic lidar signals may be compromised or altered by the presence of the residual layer. Results from these different approaches are compared and discussed in the paper, with a specific focus on selected case studies collected by the University of Basilicata Raman lidar system BASIL during the Convective and Orographically-induced Precipitation Study (COPS).

scholarly journals Characterization of the planetary boundary layer height and structure by Raman lidar: comparison of different approaches

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 5195-5216 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Summa ◽  
P. Di Girolamo ◽  
D. Stelitano ◽  
M. Cacciani
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Planetary Boundary Layer ◽  
Potential Temperature ◽  
Order Derivative ◽  
Raman Lidar ◽  
Layer Height ◽  
First Order ◽  
Boundary Layer Height

Abstract. The Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL) includes the portion of the atmosphere which is directly influenced by the presence of the Earth's surface. Aerosol particles trapped within the PBL can be used as tracers to study the boundary-layer vertical structure and time variability. As a result of this, elastic backscatter signals collected by lidar systems can be used to determine the height and the internal structure of the PBL. The present analysis considers three different methods to estimate the PBL height. A first method is based on the determination of the first order derivative of the logarithm of the range-corrected elastic lidar signals. Estimates of the PBL height for specific case studies obtained from this approach are compared with simultaneous estimates from the potential temperature profiles measured by radiosondes launched simultaneously to lidar operation. Additional estimates of the boundary layer height are based on the determination of the first order derivative of the range-corrected rotational Raman lidar signals. This latter approach results to be successfully applicable also in the afternoon-evening decaying phase of the PBL, when the effectiveness of the approach based on the elastic lidar signals may be compromised or altered by the presence of the residual layer. Results from these different approaches are compared and discussed in the paper, with a specific focus on selected case studies collected by the University of Basilicata Raman lidar system BASIL during the Convective and Orographically-induced Precipitation Study (COPS).

scholarly journals Lidar-based remote sensing of atmospheric boundary layer height over land and ocean

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Luo ◽  
R. Yuan ◽  
Z. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Atmospheric Boundary Layer ◽  
Marine Boundary Layer ◽  
Mixing Layer ◽  
Layer Height ◽  
Boundary Layer Height ◽  
Lidar Measurements ◽  
Mixing Layer Height ◽  
Atmospheric Radiation Measurement ◽  
Atmospheric Boundary Layer Height

Abstract. Atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) processes are important in climate, weather and air quality. A better understanding of the structure and the behavior of the ABL is required for understanding and modeling of the chemistry and dynamics of the atmosphere on all scales. Based on the systematic variations of the ABL structures over different surfaces, different lidar-based methods were developed and evaluated to determine the boundary layer height and mixing layer height over land and ocean. With Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program (ARM) Climate Research Facility (ACRF) micropulse lidar (MPL) and radiosonde measurements, diurnal and season cycles of atmospheric boundary layer depth and the ABL vertical structure over ocean and land are analyzed. The new methods are then applied to satellite lidar measurements. The aerosol-derived global marine boundary layer heights are evaluated with marine ABL stratiform cloud top heights and results show a good agreement between them.

scholarly journals Graphics algorithm for deriving atmospheric boundary layer heights from CALIPSO data

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 5075-5085 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boming Liu ◽  
Yingying Ma ◽  
Jiqiao Liu ◽  
Wei Gong ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Atmospheric Boundary Layer ◽  
Weather Forecasting ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Horizontal Resolution ◽  
Backscatter Coefficient ◽  
Distribution Method ◽  
Boundary Layer Height ◽  
Lidar Measurements ◽  
Ground Based Lidar

Abstract. The atmospheric boundary layer is an important atmospheric feature that affects environmental health and weather forecasting. In this study, we proposed a graphics algorithm for the derivation of atmospheric boundary layer height (BLH) from the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) data. Owing to the differences in scattering intensity between molecular and aerosol particles, the total attenuated backscatter coefficient 532 and attenuated backscatter coefficient 1064 were used simultaneously for BLH detection. The proposed algorithm transformed the gradient solution into graphics distribution solution to overcome the effects of large noise and improve the horizontal resolution. This method was then tested with real signals under different horizontal smoothing numbers (1, 3, 15 and 30). Finally, the results of BLH obtained by CALIPSO data were compared with the results retrieved by the ground-based lidar measurements. Under the horizontal smoothing number of 15, 12 and 9, the correlation coefficients between the BLH derived by the proposed algorithm and ground-based lidar were both 0.72. Under the horizontal smoothing number of 6, 3 and 1, the correlation coefficients between the BLH derived by graphics distribution method (GDM) algorithm and ground-based lidar were 0.47, 0.14 and 0.12, respectively. When the horizontal smoothing number was large (15, 12 and 9), the CALIPSO BLH derived by the proposed method demonstrated a good correlation with ground-based lidar. The algorithm provided a reliable result when the horizontal smoothing number was greater than 9. This finding indicated that the proposed algorithm can be applied to the CALIPSO satellite data with 3 and 5 km horizontal resolution.

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