scholarly journals Tribal’s Perception on Governance of Village Council (Dorbar) System: A Case Study of West Khasi Hills District of Meghalaya State

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-68
Author(s):  
Rubenker Nongrum ◽  
◽  
Dr Trilochan Dash
Keyword(s):  
Local Governance ◽  
Academic Discourse ◽  
The State ◽  
Governance System ◽  
System A ◽  
History Of ◽  
Village Council ◽  
Customary Laws ◽  
The Village

The traditional local governance system is as old as the history of humanity but only recently it has entered into the broad academic discourse due to different societal setting exist in different societies. The author tries to argue that due to the presence of illiteracy, poverty, inaccessibility of communication facilities, the so called tribal elites are governing the society as according to their own will and at the same devoid of traditional customary laws. Therefore, the author tries to address the issues and at the same time provide the suggestive measures for reform in order to have a better governance at the Village council (Dorbar) system in the State of Meghalaya.

Peluang dan Ancaman Otonomi Desa Pasca Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 tentang Desa

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Muhadam Labolo
Keyword(s):  
State Government ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
The State ◽  
Local State ◽  
First Principle ◽  
Allocation Of Resources ◽  
Governance System ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Village

The changes about Village policy provide both opportunities and threats to the development of village autonomy. Opportunities for the development of village autonomy are at least normatively gaining a foothold from two important principles of recognition and subsidiarity. The first principle as a form of recognition of village existence in various forms has actually been introduced through Law Number 22 Year 1999 and 32 Year 2004 which corrects efforts to uniform the lowest government entity of the village under another name. The second principle is the juridical consequence of the 1945 Constitution article 18B paragraph (2) where the state not only recognizes, also respects special and special units as long as it is still there and well maintained. This principle allows the state to allocate resources to the village even though the village is no longer subordinate to the state (mini bureaucracy) as the practice of Law 5/1979 through local state government paradigm. With the resources referred to the village at least have the opportunity to develop the original autonomy (self governing community) and not solely under the control of local governance system (local self-government). The allocation of resources from the government, provincial and district / city and the opening of access in the effort of developing village autonomy is not impossible to increase the tension in the village through abuse of authority and the potential of horizontal conflict. Village autonomy can ultimately contain threats if a number of important requirements can not be fulfilled given the culture, structure and environment that affect the village is much more dominant than the supradesa itself is quite distant with the community.Keywords: village autonomy, opportunities, threats

COMBINING ORAL TRADITIONS AND BAYESIAN CHRONOLOGICAL MODELING TO UNDERSTAND VILLAGE DEVELOPMENT IN THE GULF OF PAPUA (PAPUA NEW GUINEA)

Radiocarbon ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Chris Urwin ◽  
Quan Hua ◽  
Henry Arifeae
Keyword(s):  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Oral Traditions ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Spatial History ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Gulf Of Papua ◽  
The Village

ABSTRACT When European colonists arrived in the late 19th century, large villages dotted the coastline of the Gulf of Papua (southern Papua New Guinea). These central places sustained long-distance exchange and decade-spanning ceremonial cycles. Besides ethnohistoric records, little is known of the villages’ antiquity, spatiality, or development. Here we combine oral traditional and 14C chronological evidence to investigate the spatial history of two ancestral village sites in Orokolo Bay: Popo and Mirimua Mapoe. A Bayesian model composed of 35 14C assays from seven excavations, alongside the oral traditional accounts, demonstrates that people lived at Popo from 765–575 cal BP until 220–40 cal BP, at which time they moved southwards to Mirimua Mapoe. The village of Popo spanned ca. 34 ha and was composed of various estates, each occupied by a different tribe. Through time, the inhabitants of Popo transformed (e.g., expanded, contracted, and shifted) the village to manage social and ceremonial priorities, long-distance exchange opportunities and changing marine environments. Ours is a crucial case study of how oral traditional ways of understanding the past interrelate with the information generated by Bayesian 14C analyses. We conclude by reflecting on the limitations, strengths, and uncertainties inherent to these forms of chronological knowledge.

scholarly journals FORMAÇÃO DA ESTRATÉGIA EM CONDIÇÕES DE ELEVADA INFLUÊNCIA GOVERNAMENTAL: UMA ANÁLISE LONGITUDINAL DA FUNDAÇÃO DE APOIO À PESQUISA CIENTÍFICA E TECNOLÓGICA DO ESTADO DE SANTA CATARINA – FAPESC

2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Maurício Fernandes Pereira ◽  
Karla Simoni Oening
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Behavior ◽  
The State ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Strategy Formation ◽  
Environmental Selection ◽  
Strategy Change ◽  
History Of ◽  
Direct Administration ◽  
Governmental Politics

This research analyzes the process of strategy formation in the Foundation of Support to the Scientific and Technological Research of the State of Santa Catarina - FAPESC, a body of the government’s direct administration structure in the State of Santa Catarina, with the purpose of understanding how its construction occurs: if in a deliberate way, anticipated and rational; or, as an emergency, in consequence of the interactions of the agents present in the organizations’ routine. By way of a case study of longitudinal, historical and biographical character, and based in the procedures proposed by the Direct Research (MINTZBERG, 1979; MINTZBERG; McHUGH, 1985), the history of the institution was retrieved in the period comprised between the years of 1990 and 2005. The data has disclosed that, in adapting itself strategically, beyond the predominance of a planned and sistemic strategic behavior, the institution suffered an intense influence from the governmental politics of the State and this, associated with the low power to influence the environment with high environmental determinism, reduced the importance of the management scienter in the success of the company indicating that mechanisms of environmental selection operate to the detriment of the adaptation. Key words: Strategy. Change and adaptation. Formation of the strategy.

scholarly journals Understanding the Southern Italian commons: polycentric governance on the mountains of Sila

Modern Italy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-348
Author(s):  
Claudio de Majo
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Governance System ◽  
Institutional Reforms ◽  
Polycentric Governance ◽  
Local Institution ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Commons ◽  
Italian Unification

In this article, I examine patterns of collective action in the South of Italy, a region where commons scholarship presents several challenges, mainly due to its feudal heritage. In analysing the history of Southern Italian commons, Elinor Ostrom's theories on polycentric governance are adopted. I propose a case study on the mountains of Sila, where collective action was institutionalised through a municipal organisation known as universitas casalium, consisting of the city of Cosenza and its hamlets. This institution collaborated with the royal government, creating a polycentric governance system where institutional functions contentiously intermingled, generating conflicting relations, but also unique governmental arrangements. Yet how did previous historical interpretations miss this point? Documentary evidence provides a clear answer: while the institutional recognition of the universitas casalium can be traced back as far as the twelfth century, a series of institutional reforms initiated in the mid-fifteenth century led to the progressive decline of the local institution and accordingly of the commons economy related to it. This loss of legitimacy derived from the emergence of feudal barons and later of landowners from the middle class, leading to the progressive dissolution of collective action in Sila as Italy moved towards Italian unification in 1861.

A Postcolonial Perspective: Law and the Literary World

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-318
Author(s):  
Amanda Ruth Waugh Lagji
Keyword(s):  
Law And Literature ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
History Of ◽  
Customary Laws

This commentary shows the advantages of a postcolonial approach to law and literature, using Nuruddin Farah’s novel Maps as a suggestive case study to examine Somalia’s laws and literature and the colonial context embedded in both. Whereas Western and European juridical systems are often silent referents in law and literature scholarship, my reading of Maps also places it in dialogue with Somali customary laws and culture. I conclude my commentary by bringing together the history of Somali customary law and my reading of Maps to offer methodological suggestions for law and literature given this particular postcolonial perspective.

scholarly journals Arkansas Statewide Interactive Video Service: Education as an Anchor Tenant

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max C. Kolstad ◽  
Paulo Ovídio I. Guimarães
Keyword(s):  
Primary Education ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Interactive Video ◽  
The State ◽  
Enterprise Network ◽  
Video Service ◽  
History Of ◽  
Video Network

This case study is intended to document the development of the multipurpose statewide enterprise network in the state of Arkansas. Although this case study will provide an overview of all aspects and partners involved in this development, the paper will predominantly focus on primary education in Arkansas as an anchor tenant. Primary education in Arkansas is of particular importance to the development of the current statewide interactive video network. The case study will accomplish this in four major sections: History of the state of Arkansas Enterprise Network, History of the state of Arkansas Video Network, Developing Education as a Telecommunications Anchor, and Developing Education as an Application Anchor. This initial case study is qualitative in nature and will hopefully serve as the basis for further detailed and in-depth quantitative research.

scholarly journals PENGARUH GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN TRANSFORMASIONAL DAN DISIPLIN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA PERANGKAT DESA DI KECAMATAN MADUKARA KABUPATEN BANJARNEGARA

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yudhistira Pradhipta Aryoko ◽  
Purnadi Purnadi ◽  
Akhmad Darmawan
Keyword(s):  
Transformational Leadership ◽  
Leadership Style ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Governance System ◽  
Performance Variables ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Transformational Leadership Style ◽  
The Village

The purpose of the study is to determine the influence of variables of transformational leadership style and working discipline towards the performance of village devices. This research uses a case study method conducted against the village device in Madukara Sub-district, Banjarnegara district. Questionnaires were distributed to 173 village device people. The result of this research has a number of advices for village officials, especially in Madukara sub-district of Banjarnegara district, to further improve its performance so that the village governance system is well maintained. The data analysis technique used is test of multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that variables of the transformational leadership style (X1) were significantly affected by the performance (Y) variables. Then the work discipline variable (X2) significantly affects the performance variable. Variables of the transformational leadership style and work discipline are simultaneously affecting the performance variables. The working discipline variable is the variable that most affects the performance of village devices in Madukara sub-district, Banjarnegara district.Keywords: Transformational Leadership, Work Discipline, Performance

scholarly journals Farmers, the Police Force, and the Authorities: The “Calvatone (1911) Hoard” as Seen Through Archival Records (Cremona – Italy)

2021 ◽  
pp. 107-136
Author(s):  
Antonino Crisà
Keyword(s):  
Museum Studies ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
The State ◽  
Police Force ◽  
Museum Collections ◽  
Local Police ◽  
Italian Government ◽  
History Of ◽  
Regional Authorities

This paper presents a new set of archival records from Rome on the discovery of a Roman Republican denarii hoard, found by the brothers Birsilio and Luigi Simonazzi on their lands at Calvatone (Cremona, Italy, 1911). Local police forces seized the hoard and alerted the Coin Cabinet of Brera in Milan, where the numismatist Serafino Ricci (1867–1943) evaluated and finally acquired selected coins to increase the museum collections. The “Calvatone (1911) hoard” is an essential case study in the history of Italian numismatic collections, museum studies, and archaeology. These records are particularly worth studying for two main reasons. They show how local and regional authorities dealt with casual archaeological discoveries in northern Italy during the post-Unification period (1861–1918). They also help us to better understand how the Italian government acted to safeguard antiquities according to contemporary law, and how the state collections could be increased by judicial seizures and fresh acquisitions.

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