scholarly journals An Explanatory Model of Relational Orientation within Distribution Channels: A Conceptual Framework

2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radhouane Ikram ◽  
Zghal Mustapha
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Distribution Channels ◽  
Explanatory Model ◽  
Relational Orientation

scholarly journals Study On The Configuration Of Distribution Channels For New Automobiles

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Ubiratã Tortato ◽  
Roberto Marx
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Behavior ◽  
Distribution Channels ◽  
Explanatory Model ◽  
Organizational Forms ◽  
Legal Environment ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Distribution Trends

This paper proposes an explanatory model for the configuration of automobile distribution channels. A case study was developed, using two sources of information: 1) the literature on the distribution of specialty goods and on automobile distribution and 2) interviews conducted with dealers and automakers. The survey allowed the identification of three variables for the proposed model: dealer size, consumer behavior and the legal environment. The model comprises three possible organizational forms for the distribution business: isolated single-brand, single-brand group, and multi-brand group. This study is expected to contribute to a better understanding of the evolution of the sector, as well as to support the analysis of future auto distribution trends.

Coming to Understand the Formal Definition of Limit: Insights Gained From Engaging Students in Reinvention

2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 465-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig Swinyard ◽  
Sean Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Explanatory Model ◽  
Formal Definition ◽  
Limit Concept ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Students Success ◽  
Teaching Experiments

The purpose of this article is to elaborate Cottrill et al.'s (1996) conceptual framework of limit, an explanatory model of how students might come to understand the limit concept. Drawing on a retrospective analysis of 2 teaching experiments, we propose 2 theoretical constructs to account for the students' success in formulating and understanding a definition of limit. The 1st construct relates to the need for students to move away from their tendency to attend first to the input variable of the function. The 2nd construct relates to the need for students to overcome the practical impossibility of completing an infinite process. Together, these 2 theoretical constructs build on Cottrill et al.'s work, resulting in a revised conceptual framework of limit.

scholarly journals DETERMINANTS OF MUZAKKI’ PREFERENCE IN INDONESIA: CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK ANALYSIS

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
VIMA TISTA PUTRIANA ◽  
YURNIWATI YURNIWATI
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Distribution Channels ◽  
Framework Analysis ◽  
Policy Makers

This paper aims to critically evaluate a conceptual framework of determinants of muzakki’ preferences in Indonesia when discharging their zakat obligations developed in Putriana (2018). Understanding preferences of muzakki in Indonesia is critical due to the huge zakat potential owned by Indonesia that can be explored and utilized by zakat institutions for maximum benefits of Indonesian people. The knowledge and understanding of muzakki’ preferences in choosing their zakat distribution channels will help policy makers to issue regulations required that help zakat institutions amplifying their roles and capacity. For zakat institutions, the knowledge and understanding is useful to formulate strategies needed to persuade muzakki in Indonesia to trust them managing their zakat. This study contributes to the development of a more comprehensive conceptual framework of determinants of muzakki’ preferences in Indonesian context. The current study also attempts to establish communication among researchers with different backgrounds working on the topic of muzakki’ preferences

scholarly journals Tourism distribution in a transitional economy: Hotel ownership and distribution channels in Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Tuan Ngoc Le
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Current Distribution ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Distribution Channel ◽  
Economic Restructuring ◽  
Distribution Channels ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Transitional Economy ◽  
Management Modes ◽  
Channel Structures

<p>This thesis investigates how the different up-market hotel ownership modes establish distribution channels to reach domestic and international tourism markets in the context of Vietnam’s transitional economy, which has been transforming from a centrally planned to a socialist market oriented economy since 1986. It seeks to understand the current distribution channel structures of various hotel ownership modes; to explore the ways in which a number of factors influence distribution structures; and to examine the implications of these structures and factors for hotel and tourism development in Vietnam and in other economies with similar socio-political characteristics. A conceptual framework for hotel distribution channels is developed from a combination of the predominantly Western literature and the fragmented literature on hotel distribution in transition economies. The conceptual framework enables the researcher to investigate the linkages and relationships among the components that constitute the current Vietnamese hotel distribution systems.  A qualitative approach is applied to address the supply-side issues of hotel distribution with data collected in the three largest urban cities located in the Northern, Central and Southern parts of Vietnam. The data collection methods were in-depth semi-structured interviews and document compilation. Different groups of participants from the Vietnam tourism industry including senior staff of sales and marketing of the four- and five-star hotels, international tour operators, high-ranking government officials of central and provincial authorities of tourism, key officers of trade organisations and academics from these cities were interviewed.  The research presents the current distribution channel structures employed by four hotel ownership modes to reach domestic and international travellers. The findings also reveal that international joint venture and wholly foreign-owned hotels have effectively established their distribution channels to reach the international market. The entry of these international ownership modes as a result of Vietnam’s economic reform has forced state- and domestic privately-owned hotels to also build market-driven distribution structures. Economic restructuring in the context of Vietnam’s international integration has been the key element in creating the legal system, economic development, international tourist demand, technological advances, patterns of demand, hotel ownership and management modes that have driven the development of distribution. The research concludes that different hotel ownership and management modes and the distribution channel structures of up-market hotels are the products of Vietnam’s economic restructuring. The research suggests further economic renovation to meet the country’s commitments to international organisations, and to generate an equal tourism and hotel business environment in Vietnam.</p>

scholarly journals Tourism distribution in a transitional economy: Hotel ownership and distribution channels in Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Tuan Ngoc Le
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Current Distribution ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Distribution Channel ◽  
Economic Restructuring ◽  
Distribution Channels ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Transitional Economy ◽  
Management Modes ◽  
Channel Structures

<p>This thesis investigates how the different up-market hotel ownership modes establish distribution channels to reach domestic and international tourism markets in the context of Vietnam’s transitional economy, which has been transforming from a centrally planned to a socialist market oriented economy since 1986. It seeks to understand the current distribution channel structures of various hotel ownership modes; to explore the ways in which a number of factors influence distribution structures; and to examine the implications of these structures and factors for hotel and tourism development in Vietnam and in other economies with similar socio-political characteristics. A conceptual framework for hotel distribution channels is developed from a combination of the predominantly Western literature and the fragmented literature on hotel distribution in transition economies. The conceptual framework enables the researcher to investigate the linkages and relationships among the components that constitute the current Vietnamese hotel distribution systems.  A qualitative approach is applied to address the supply-side issues of hotel distribution with data collected in the three largest urban cities located in the Northern, Central and Southern parts of Vietnam. The data collection methods were in-depth semi-structured interviews and document compilation. Different groups of participants from the Vietnam tourism industry including senior staff of sales and marketing of the four- and five-star hotels, international tour operators, high-ranking government officials of central and provincial authorities of tourism, key officers of trade organisations and academics from these cities were interviewed.  The research presents the current distribution channel structures employed by four hotel ownership modes to reach domestic and international travellers. The findings also reveal that international joint venture and wholly foreign-owned hotels have effectively established their distribution channels to reach the international market. The entry of these international ownership modes as a result of Vietnam’s economic reform has forced state- and domestic privately-owned hotels to also build market-driven distribution structures. Economic restructuring in the context of Vietnam’s international integration has been the key element in creating the legal system, economic development, international tourist demand, technological advances, patterns of demand, hotel ownership and management modes that have driven the development of distribution. The research concludes that different hotel ownership and management modes and the distribution channel structures of up-market hotels are the products of Vietnam’s economic restructuring. The research suggests further economic renovation to meet the country’s commitments to international organisations, and to generate an equal tourism and hotel business environment in Vietnam.</p>

Evaluating research in developmental disabilities: a conceptual framework for reviewing treatment outcomes

1999 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlene Butler ◽  
Henry Chambers ◽  
Murray Goldstein ◽  
Susan Harris ◽  
Judy Leach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Disabilities ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Treatment Outcomes

Understanding Why Older People Develop a Wish to Die

Crisis ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 204-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. Rurup ◽  
H. R. W. Pasman ◽  
J. Goedhart ◽  
D. J. H. Deeg ◽  
A. J. F. M. Kerkhof ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Traumatic Life Events ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Wish To Die ◽  
Open Coding ◽  
Death Wishes ◽  
Depth Interviews

Background: Quantitative studies in several European countries showed that 10–20% of older people have or have had a wish to die. Aims: To improve our understanding of why some older people develop a wish to die. Methods: In-depth interviews with people with a wish to die (n = 31) were carried out. Through open coding and inductive analysis, we developed a conceptual framework to describe the development of death wishes. Respondents were selected from two cohort studies. Results: The wish to die had either been triggered suddenly after traumatic life events or had developed gradually after a life full of adversity, as a consequence of aging or illness, or after recurring depression. The respondents were in a situation they considered unacceptable, yet they felt they had no control to change their situation and thus progressively “gave up” trying. Recurring themes included being widowed, feeling lonely, being a victim, being dependent, and wanting to be useful. Developing thoughts about death as a positive thing or a release from problems seemed to them like a way to reclaim control. Conclusions: People who wish to die originally develop thoughts about death as a positive solution to life events or to an adverse situation, and eventually reach a balance of the wish to live and to die.

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